The article is devoted to identifying the impact of factors on the increasing labour productivity in the economies of the European Union-27 (EU-27) and Ukraine. The system of influencing factors that must be taken into account in the assessment of the labour productivity indicator was substantiated. The factors are based on the most significant indicators of innovative development (innovative activity; formation and the use of personnel; the state of use of fixed capital; the composition of the payroll budget; investment activity; and the use of working time). Based on the use of the method of linearization of the labour productivity model, the rating coefficients of the influence of factors for the economies of the EU-27 and Ukraine were determined. It has been proven that the following factors have a significant positive impact on labour productivity: an increase in the costs of scientific research and development; the growth of enterprises expenditures on research and development (R&D) in high-tech sectors; the increase in the share of scientific research personnel and researchers in the total number of the employed population; the growth of costs for the innovation of industrial enterprises; an introduction to the production of new technological processes and innovative types of products; the purchase of machinery, equipment, and software; an increase in the share of the employed population that has a basic higher education (bachelor’s degree); the growth in the share of the employed population that has a full higher education (master’s degree); the increase in the share of enterprises providing training; the increase in the capital–labour ratio; the technological equipment of labour; the machine equipment of labour; the renewal of fixed capital; and the increase in the level of intellectualization of fixed capital. The available reserves for increasing the labour productivity in EU-27 economies and Ukraine were clarified, and recommendations for managing the labour productivity in the conditions of innovative development have been provided. This study gains relevance when Ukraine has assumed the official status of an EU candidate country and the advantages and potential difficulties in the membership process should be evaluated. Labour productivity will be one of the key factors in the post-conflict recovery of the economy.

The main purpose of the article is a theoretical and methodological substantiation of the choice of the optimal form of re-engineering for machine-building enterprises in modern conditions of a changing external environment. The object of the study is the business processes, commercial activities and financial potential of machine-building enterprises. The scientific task is to present a modern methodological approach to choosing the form of re-engineering that is better for a mechanical engineering company in the context of its current state. For this purpose, methods of financial analysis, matrix analysis and ranking were used. In addition, such auxiliary methods as graphical and abstract-logical were used. As a result of the research and calculations, a ranking of key indicators of the financial potential of machine-building enterprises was determined and carried out. An approach to determining the level of efficiency of business processes is presented. The author's vision of the matrix for choosing the optimal form of re-engineering is proposed. The practical value of the results obtained is revealed in the possibility of applying the proposed approach in the activities of machine-building enterprises in Ukraine. The study is limited by taking into account the specifics of the activities of machine-building enterprises exclusively when selecting indicators and ranking them. Prospects for further research are considered through the prism of applying the developed methodological approach to other industrial enterprises in Ukraine.

Introduction. The global practice of economic growth in European countries shows that their determining factor is the formation and development of the intellectual potential of society. Recent changes in the structure of the economy, particularly a growing share of intangible products and information technologies, have necessitated changes in scientific approaches to economic security issues in a country. Objective processes influenced by the growing role of the knowledge economy have changed the world's attitude to priorities in favour of the intellectualisation of labour based on innovation, the introduction of high-tech processes, and the integration of science, education, and entrepreneurship. There is a fundamental reassessment of the human factor, making intelligence and high professionalism of the workforce a priority commodity in the labour market. Aim and tasks. This study aims to propose the main directions and a set of organisational and economic measures aimed at creating conditions for the efficient use and development of intellectual potential at all levels as the foundation of the economic security of EU countries. Results. The study uses the methodology for developing the model to calculate ranking coefficients of the impact of elements of intellectual potential formation on economic growth in EU countries (GDP per capita). It has been established that the most significant influence on the formation of intellectual potential on GDP per capita of EU countries is exerted by the intelligence quotient (RCF C1y= 465,387), education level index (RCF C12y = 434,390), human resources with tertiary training and engaged in technology and science (RCF C5y = 389,842), population with tertiary education (RCF C6y = 297,585), share of R&D personnel and researchers in the total active population (RCF C3y = 290,678), and participation rate in education and training (RCF C8y = 285,960). Conclusions. The study proved that the key to this should be the growing role of the state in motivating the employed population to intellectual self-development and maximising the use of intellectual potential in the labour sector. A comprehensive assessment has shown that the intellectual potential of the employed population is not fully utilised in the economies of European countries, which worsens the prospects for accelerating innovation development and economic growth. Further research should be carried out to increase the competence of the organisation as a result of attracting new technologies and methods of intellectual potential management in accordance with rapid changes in the environment.

The article presents a theoretical generalisation and solution of a current scientific and applied problem which develops theoretical principles, methodological approaches and scientific and practical recommendations for improving the mechanism of labour efficiency management in terms of innovation-oriented development of enterprises. It is substantiated that in the conditions of innovation-oriented development of ecosystems, including enterprises, the disclosure of the essence of labour efficiency requires introduction of a dual quantitative–qualitative approach: on the one hand, labour efficiency reflects the ratio of the manufactured products (tangible and intangible benefits) and corresponding living labour costs (quantitative aspect) and, on the other hand, it is the result of using productive abilities of people, characterised by manufactured products of a particular consumer quality with the creation of added value (qualitative aspect). Conceptual bases of improvement of the mechanism of labour efficiency management at enterprises were developed. They are based on certain tasks, functions, principles, methods of labour efficiency management and the formed system of factors of influence and the revealed factors and reserves of an increase in labour efficiency. They presuppose development and realisation of the corresponding programme, which aims to: optimise total labour costs; improve quality of products at a constant mass and satisfaction with the work process of all its participants; ensure positive changes in material well-being and quality of life on the basis of the formation of modern innovation infrastructure of the enterprise.