This study focused on the co-fermentation of food waste and tissue paper to produce ethanol, which will eliminate the need for additional nitrogen sources and nutrients, thereby reducing production costs. In response to the inhibitory effect of the high concentrations of glucose present in mixed-substrate hydrolysates on xylose fermentation, a co-fermentation process using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida shehatae was proposed. This approach reduced the fermentation time by 24 h, increased the xylose utilization rate to 88%, and improved the ethanol yield from 41% to 46.5%. The impact of external conditions and corresponding optimization were also analyzed in this process. The optimum conditions were a 1:3 ratio of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Candida shehatae, a pH of 5, and shaking at 150 r/min, and by employing dynamic temperature control, the ethanol production was increased to 21.98 g/L. Compared to conventional processes that only use Saccharomyces cerevisiae, this method enhanced the ethanol yield from 41% to 49%.

This study investigates the efficacy of a novel low-cost phosphate adsorbent, denoted as SH-CGCS, derived from coal gasification coarse slag (CGCS) via an alkali activation method. SH-CGCS is a mesoporous material with a specific surface area (64 m²/g) approximately six times larger than CGCS (11 m²/g), which enhances its adsorption capacity compared with CGCS. Furthermore, SH-CGCS achieves a phosphate adsorption capacity of 38.5 mg/g in strongly acidic water (pH 3) and demonstrates robust acid resistance, which makes it particularly effective for phosphate removal from acidic wastewater. Results from coexisting anion experiments affirm the good adsorption selectivity of SH-CGCS for phosphate. Moreover, SH-CGCS exhibits proficiency in treating water containing low phosphate concentrations under flowing conditions. The maximum phosphate adsorption capacity of SH-CGCS calculated using the Langmuir model is 23.92 mg/g, surpassing that of other reported adsorbents. Importantly, saturated SH-CGCS can be regenerated and reused, which contributes to its practical applicability. The adsorption mechanisms of SH-CGCS for phosphate involve ligand exchange, inner-sphere complexation, surface precipitation, and electrostatic adsorption. Thus, this study not only enhances the overall utility of CGCS but also presents a simple and efficient method for removing phosphate. Our findings indicate that SH-CGCS holds considerable potential as a phosphate adsorbent, offering a promising solution for wastewater treatment.

This study investigates the characteristics, meteorological drivers, and transport pathways of air pollution in Yining City from 2020 to 2024 based on meteorological records and air pollutant monitoring data. An integrated modeling approach combining the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model was employed. Results reveal an overall annual decrease in ambient pollutant concentrations in Yining, with PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ consistently below the national secondary standards, In contrast, the O₃ concentration shows a marked yearly increase. Pronounced seasonal variations were identified: the elevated O₃ concentrations in summer were driven by high temperatures and intense solar radiation. The significant increase in PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ concentrations during winter was predominantly attributed to coal-based heating emissions and temperature inversion conditions. Pollutant concentrations were strongly associated with gaseous precursors (e.g., CO and NO₂) and meteorological factors. Higher temperatures and lower relative humidity aggravated O₃ formation, whereas lower temperatures and higher relative humidity favored PM_2.5 pollution. Correlation analysis revealed that NO₂ and CO showed the strongest correlations with PM_2.5 (r = 0.84) and O₃ (r = −0.62), respectively. Backward trajectory analysis revealed that higher pollution levels were associated with air masses originating from the southwest and southeast.