Background: Proper body balance is maintained by both sensory, i.e., vision, hearing, vestibular, and proprioception, and motor nervous systems. Visual control facilitates balance both in a static position, as well as during movement. Visual dysfunctions can adversely affect balance and stability control. Methods: The study comprised a group of 30 individuals visually impaired from birth aged 18–24 years. The control group consisted of 50 persons in the same age range as the study group. The trial was performed as four separate tests: two on a stable surface platform, and two on an unstable surface platform. Results: No statistically significant differences were found in the posturography test on the stable platform between the study groups. When tested on an unstable ground surface, the visually impaired subjects obtained showed worse performance than the sighted persons. Statistically significant differences were observed in the majority of the analyzed results. Conclusions: Visually impaired individuals present a poorer ability to maintain balance under dynamic conditions. Tests conducted on the unstable surface platform seem to be more relevant and applicable in the diagnosis of the subjects with visual impairment, as they differentiate the subjects to a greater extent.

A review of numerous case reports was made, in order to demonstrate the possibilities for treatment of dental disorders in patients with Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD). In this paper, our own report, including a diagnosis of the effect on the auditory system, is presented. In addition to the triad of CCD symptoms that include hypoplastic or aplastic clavicles, impacted and supernumerary teeth, delayed closure of fontanelles and cranial sutures, impairment of the hearing system resulting in conductive hearing loss also occurs. Our own report is based on the case of a 12-year-old CCD patient, in whom Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) revealed the presence of 12 supernumerary teeth. Furthermore, a clinical examination pointed to the presence of retained deciduous teeth and a delayed eruption of permanent teeth. Orthodontic-surgical procedures were implemented, in accordance with the literature. During the course of the orthodontic treatment, a decrease in auditory sensitivity was observed, for which reason hearing tests were also performed. Conductive hearing loss was detected. As such, it is important to remember that in such cases, auditory check-ups need to be performed between the many surgical and orthodontic interventions, which usually last a few years.

Objectives: It is generally held that exposure to both high-pressure and long-lasting contact with water makes diving a potentially hazardous sports activity as far as the ears are concerned. There is a number of research investigating the condition of the middle ear in a short period following...

Tinnitus is a sensation of ringing in the ears in the absence of any physical source in the environment. Between 9–35% of adults experience some form of tinnitus. Common causes of tinnitus include noise, head injury, ototoxic substances, as well as disorders of blood and blood vessels. Vascular causes include: head—neck tumours, turbulent blood flow, problems with blood supply and inner ear cell damage. The aspect of rheology in terms of tinnitus has not been described yet. In the present study, which comprised 12 patients aged 30 to 74 years presenting with tinnitus, rheological properties of whole blood and plasma were assessed. All the subjects underwent audiological and neurological evaluation. The Quemada model was used to describe the variability of red blood cell shape, as well as their tendency to form aggregates. On the basis of the experimental study, statistically different results of haemorheological measurements were observed in the evaluated group in comparison to a reference group.