This article describes the use of Chlorella sorokiniana biomass additives in pasta recipes to enrich the product with biologically active phytonutrients, as well as to achieve the desired color range without the use of synthetic dyes. Samples of dry biomass were obtained by the cultivation of microalgae C. sorokiniana (strain), its quality indicators and nutritional value were determined for use as a food additive. A method of using dry biomass of microalgae C. sorokiniana as a phytoadditive to replace 5% of flour mixture for effective enrichment of pasta with biologically active phytonutrients was proposed. The choice of the optimal amount of addition of microalgae biomass was proved since it turned out that the replacement of flour should be no more than 5% due to the distinct fish flavor of the final product. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of adding dry biomass of Chlorella microalgae on total protein, lipid, chlorophyll, and carotenoid content. Substitution of 5% of pasta flour led to an increase in the content of proteins and lipids to 15.7 ± 0.50% and 4.1 ± 0.06%, respectively. Meanwhile, the addition of microalgae Chlorella to pasta has helped to increase the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, chlorophyll, and carotenoids which are necessary for the prevention of foodborne diseases. The aim of this study is to develop pasta recipe with additives of microalgae biomass C. sorokiniana and study their quality indicators.

Проблемы и перспективы использования микроорганизмов для утилизации отходов лигноцеллюлозы

The attention of Russian and foreign scientists is focused on obtaining secondary plant metabolites, including phenolic compounds, due to their pharmacological activity. The Juglans regia L. pellicles are a promising raw source for the production of alkaloids, naphthoquinones (juglone), tannins and organic acids. In modern practice of obtaining biologically active substances from plant raw materials, intensive extraction methods are of particular interest. In this extraction method ultrasonic treatment is used to increase the yield and intensify the process of extracting biologically significant substances. Technological parameters of ultrasonic treatment must be selected individually for each type of plant raw material. The aim of the work was to study the effect of ultrasonic treatment on the yield of polyphenolic substances during extraction from the pellicles of breeding varieties Juglans regia L. It was found that the content of tannins in the pellicle biomass of the studied varieties Juglans regia L. varies from 5.2 to 7.3 g/100 g, phenolic compounds – from 17 to 18.2 mg/100 g. The highest content of these compounds was recorded in the pellicle biomass of the Valentina's Gift variety. It was found that ultrasonic treatment with a power of 200 W for 10 min contributes to the highest yield of polyphenolic substances in the extract from the pellicle biomass of the Valentina's Gift variety. However, the spectral profiles of hydroalcoholic extracts indicate the opposite: 200 W ultrasound reduces the intensity of the extraction of polyphenolic compounds.

Recently, foreign researchers have been actively working on studying Juglans regia L. septum, which indicates their rich phytochemical composition and a wide range of biological properties. It has been shown that extracts from walnut septum have high antioxidant, antitumor, and antiflogistic activity, as well as antimutagenic, regenerating, and bactericidal potential. The work aimed to obtain a natural complex of phenolic compounds from the biomass of walnut septum of selected varieties to study the phytochemical composition of the obtained phytopreparations and their antioxidant properties. To extract phenolic compounds, samples of the biomass of walnut septum were mixed with an extraction mixture in a ratio of 1:30 by weight and subjected to ultrasonic treatment at 100 W with a frequency of 20–25 kHz for 10 minutes. The resulting aqueous ethanol extracts were condensed under vacuum, and their physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant properties were determined. The identification and analysis of phenolic compounds in the studied phytopreparations was done using the HPLC-MS/MS method. Seventeen phenolic compounds were found in the composition of the obtained phytoextracts, most of which belong to flavonoids. It was found that the total content of identified flavonoids and their glycosides in aqueous ethanol extracts obtained from the biomass of Juglans regia L. septum was 13.54 mg/g in a thick extract of phenolic compounds – 119.75 mg/g. The total content of the identified phenolic acids in aqueous-ethanol extracts from the biomass of the septum was 4.22 mg/g, in the thick extract – 69.43 mg/g. The antioxidant activity of the studied phytopreparations amounted to 94% inhibition of the DPPH radical. The results of the analysis and identification of the phytochemical composition indicate that the obtained phytopreparations from the biomass of walnut septum are a valuable source of phytomicronutrients as part of functional food ingredients and can also be considered pharmaceutical substances for therapeutic use.