One of the biggest problems related to mandatory tanks of oil and oil derivatives are evaporative losses in the tanks. It is well known that the storage, manipulation, and transport of oil and oil derivatives results in the evaporation of the liquid. In the case of tanks where commodity reserves are stored for a long period of time, the most pronounced problems are ?breathing? losses and degradation of the quality of petroleum products. Many of these volatile organic compounds also have a strong negative impact that is harmful to human health and the environment. The aim of this research is to improve system in order to reduce evaporative losses in the tanks which are used for mandatory reserves of oil and oil derivative in warehouse in location near Pozega in Serbia as well as to reduce the harmful impact on the environment with the proposed improvement measures.

For each photovoltaic power plant, it is extremely important to perform an analysis of its efficiency, as well as an analysis of all parameters that may affect efficiency. The electric energy of the photovoltaic system, which is delivered to the electric power system on a daily basis, is determined through the average daily insolation, the surface of the panel and the average efficiency value. One of the parameters that affect the conversion efficiency of a photovoltaic power plant is a decrease in the conversion efficiency due to an increase in panel temperature. In this paper an example is a real photovoltaic power plant with a nominal power of 50 kW, which is installed on the rooftop of the building of the Institute "Mihajlo Pupin", located in Zvezdara forest, Belgrade, Serbia. The correlation analysis of the estimated temperature of the photovoltaic panel was performed using two models and the measured temperature of the photovoltaic panel. The temperature of the photovoltaic panel was estimated using models, one of which does not take into account, and the other takes into account the influence of wind speed on the temperature of the panel.

The roofs of residential buildings represent a relevant potential for the construction of photovoltaic panels. Given that roof structures are passive, the construction of photovoltaic systems on residential buildings does not interfere with the functionality of the building, nor do they affect the environment in any other way. By installing photovoltaic systems on the roofs of residential buildings, the production and consumption of electricity are brought closer to the maximum possible extent, so such systems ensure a significant reduction of electricity losses in the distribution and transmission network. This paper presents the results of research aimed at establishing a framework for decentralized and decarbonized production of electricity from photovoltaic systems integrated into the roofs of residential buildings in Serbia, through the support of the prosumer approach. For each defined category of residential building in Serbia, the possible annual production of electricity per unit of average roof area was estimated. Summarizing all the results, assessments of the possible installed capacity of photovoltaic systems and annual electricity production at the national level were made.

In the Republic of Serbia, the year 2024 marked the ambitious beginning of a new phase in the development of the energy sector. At the end of July 2024, the Republic of Serbia adopted the Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan (INECP) for the period up to 2030, with projections until 2050. By adopting the INECP, Serbia obtained an important strategic document aligned with the European Union's vision for the decarbonization of the energy sector. This document represents Serbia’s roadmap for energy transition and will contribute to the goal of integrating its electricity market with the EU's single market. In line with the requirements set out in the INECP, Serbia plans to make significant investments in renewable energy sources by 2030 -around 3.5 GW of new solar and wind power plants (to be connected to the electricity grid) - aimed at increasing supply security for consumers, boosting the share of clean energy sources, and enhancing environmental protection. Another important strategic document in the field of energy sector development is the Energy Development Strategy of the Republic of Serbia until 2040, with projections until 2050, which was adopted in November 2024. In addition, amendments and supplements to the Energy Law were adopted in December 2024, with the goal of fulfilling obligations under the Energy Community Treaty. In this paper, the authors will provide an overview of all the innovations introduced by the aforementioned strategic documents, as well as the implications of the amendments to the Energy Law.

It is widely recognized that modern industrial sectors remain heavily dependent on fossil fuels, with the global demand continuing to rise. In light of this growing demand and the gradual depletion of crude oil reserves, the development of alternative energy sources has become imperative. This paper aims to present the key information on bioheat, a heating fuel that integrates biodiesel into conventional heating oil. Bioheat is the industry-standard term for a blend typically comprising 20% biodiesel and 80% petroleum-based heating oil, intended for use in residential and commercial heating systems. As a renewable fuel, bioheat offers a sustainable alternative for heating applications, delivering notable environmental advantages while contributing to energy security and supporting the local economy. This study outlines the principal benefits of incorporating bioheat into modern heating systems.

Lightnings are a natural phenomenon that people have been dealing with since the beginning of time. In terms of the impact on the power grid and electronic devices, they represent a negative effect due to the high energy that the discharge carries with it. As the electric power system is increasingly branched and spread out, the possibility of potential impacts to its elements is also increasing. Lightnings cannot be prevented, but with an adequate knowledge of the mechanism of the discharge, we can influence their control, that is, by properly designing the receiving system and selecting protective devices, we can largely prevent major harmful consequences. The aim of this paper is to offer an overview of protective devices that protect against overvoltage, surge arresters in the power system. There is an increasing need for automation in the selection of surge arresters, and accordingly the number of software tools that are based on the concepts proposed by the world's leading manufacturers is also increasing. The paper also presents the concept of protection of objects in low-voltage networks, as well as the accompanying software tool for the automated selection of protection zones and lightning protection installations.