Scientific evidence regarding the incidence of dental caries in Down syndrome (DS) patients is limited and sometimes presents divergent opinions among authors, making it difficult to reach definitive conclusions. We aimed to evaluate the caries incidence in the DS pediatric population and compare it against healthy controls. The search was performed using 4 universal databases: Cochrane, B-on, Biomed, and PubMed. The selected articles were synthesized and subsequently evaluated according to an adaptation of the Quality Assessment Checklist for Prevalence Studies risk of bias tool, and analysis charts were performed by the Risk of Bias visualization tool (ROBVIS). Statistics and graphs were performed by Open Meta Analyst and JASP software. The confounding effect on caries incidence of the following factors was evaluated through meta-regression: age, Male/Female (M/F) ratio, DMFT, dmft, and study geographic location. Overall, the incidence of caries in the DS population was 49.9%, whereas in the control population was 63.4%. The M/F ratio, DMFT, and dmft significantly affected the incidence of DS individuals (p-value < 0.05). The evidence regarding the lower pooled incidence of caries in individuals with DS regarding controls is limited by the few scientific reports available and cross-section designs. Therefore, further studies are needed to confirm these results.

Background: Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) is required to maintain a feeding route when neurological or cancer dysphagia impact oral intake. This study aimed to evaluate the oral health and oral changes of PEG-patients without oral feeding for three months. Methods: Prospective observational study, with a PEG-patients convenience sample. Data were obtained before PEG (T0) and 3 months after gastrostomy (T1). Initial oral hygiene habits were collected through a questionnaire. Intra-oral evaluation was performed using: Plaque Index (IP), Gingival Index (IG), Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth Index (DMF), Community Periodontal Index (CPI), and Attachment Loss (AL). T0 and T1 were compared to evaluate oral health evolution. Results: Thirty-nine patients aged 65.3 ± 17.4 years were included. Initial (T0) oral health was worse than expectable. Between assessments period, oral indexes suffered a general deterioration with statistical relevance to the DMF. The frequency of deep periodontal pockets and attachment loss remained stable. Conclusions: PEG-patients presented poor oral health and insufficient oral hygiene habits, even before gastrostomy. After three months of PEG feeding, oral health suffered a general deterioration. This outcome was probably associated with the absence of oral feeding activity, which is beneficial to oral homeostasis, and further reduced oral hygiene. Improved oral daily care and dental appointments should become part of the PEG-patients follow-up.

Oral health is particularly important in adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment. However, studies have shown that, in this period, behaviors that are favorable toward oral health appear to decrease. Measures such as self-prevention and self-promotion do not seem to be as effective as they should be. This study has assessed dental hygiene habits and knowledge regarding oral health using a questionnaire that was given to the participants. The sample consisted of 200 subjects aged between 10 and 24 years old. The results suggest that there is a lack of knowledge surrounding oral-self-care and prove the need to invest in oral health education.

Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its unclear etiology and complex symptomatology. This study, part of a doctoral research project, explores diagnostic delay, triggering factors, and psychotropic medication use in BMS patients. By retrospectively analyzing 300 clinical records, the study offers insight into patterns of diagnosis and treatment, with a focus on differences related to age and sex. The findings contribute to a better understanding of BMS and emphasize the need for timely diagnosis, particularly in older adults, to improve patient outcomes.

Excessive sugar consumption is a well-established risk factor for dental caries, particularly in pediatric populations. This systematic review explores the

This study was conducted to assess the oral status of nursing home residents diagnosed with dementia in the Lisbon region, Portugal. In this cross-sectional observational pilot study, the oral and dental status were evaluated by determining the Decayed-Missing-Filled-Tooth (DMFT) index, frequency of oral hygiene, presence of erosion lesions or mucosal lesions, presence of dentures, and Shorted Xerostomia Inventory (SXI-5). This study aims to be a starting point for a broad analysis of this population and a further determination of potential associations between oral status and anamnestic factors as well as dementia data.