Purpose. The study is aimed at exploring the popularity, impact, and usefulness of using YouTube in learning anatomy as perceived by Jordanian medical students studying at Jordan University of Science and Technology. Methods. The present work is a cross‐sectional questionnaire‐based study. First‐, second‐, and third‐year medical students were invited to complete an anonymous questionnaire. Students’ responses were numerically coded, and the results were analyzed to reveal any statistically significant differences related to gender or level of study. Results. The results showed that 96.4% of the students used YouTube in general, 91.2% used it as a source of information, and 83.9% used YouTube as a learning tool in medical school. Further, YouTube was used by 79.1% of the students as an anatomy‐learning tool. Most of these students used this platform in learning gross anatomy. The study also revealed that dissection videos were the most viewed anatomy‐related content. Regarding the perceived value of YouTube as an anatomy‐learning tool, the majority of the students reported that YouTube offered them useful anatomical information and enhanced their understanding, memorization, and recall of anatomical information. In addition, most of them recommended using YouTube as an anatomy‐learning tool. Statistical analysis of the results revealed the presence of gender‐related significant differences in students’ perspectives. Such differences were also found among students of different levels of study. Conclusion. Medical students have positive attitudes toward using YouTube in augmenting their anatomy learning. For this, educators are encouraged to adopt YouTube as an educational tool in their anatomy instruction and to create new anatomy‐related YouTube videos to enhance their students’ learning.

This study was conducted to identify the morphometric features of the hard palate and to test the reliability of using palatal morphology in sex determination. Three hundred maxillary casts were collected from dental clinics in north Jordan. The age and gender of the patient and the serial number for each cast were recorded. The age range was 6 to 50 years old. A caliper was used to perform the following measurements: the length, width, and depth of the hard palate. In addition, the size, shape, and position of the incisive papilla were also determined. All measurements were done by a trained examiner who was able to perform the measurements in a reproducible manner. Statistical analysis showed that the mean palatal length, width, and depth, and size of dental papilla in both groups were the highest in males. The full logistic regression model including all the three predictors (length, width, and depth) indicated that the three parameters were significantly correlated with gender in the adult group. However, in the child group, only width and length were significantly (p=0.001,p>0.042respectively) correlated with gender. Regarding the shape and size of the incisive papilla, they were significantly different between males and females in both adult (p>0.03) and child (p=0.001) groups. These findings might be potentially relevant to anthropological studies aiming at individual and/or sex identification. Moreover, the results might have clinical value in prosthodontics, especially in fabricating complete maxillary dentures for edentulous patients.

Background and Objectives: The incidence of accessory bones in the region of foot and ankle is quite variable between studies and are often confused with avulsion fractures in trauma patients with musculoskeletal injuries. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of accessory ossicles of the foot and ankle according to gender, side and coexistence, and to determine how frequently accessory ossicles were misdiagnosed as avulsion fractures. Materials and Methods: Oblique and/or lateral foot radiographs of 1000 adult patients referred from emergency departments to foot and ankle clinic were retrospectively reviewed for the presence of accessory ossicles. The Kappa statistic was used in order to assess the validity of radiographic interpretation for the presence of these bones. Results: Accessory ossicles were detected in 40.2% of the radiographs. The incidence rates for the accessory ossicles in order of frequency were: Os trigonum (15.4%), accessory navicular (13.7%), os peroneum (11.5%), os vesalianum (1.1%), os supranaviculare (0.7%), os subfibulare (0.6%), os talotibiale (0.4%), os calcaneus secundarius (0.3%), os supratalare (0.3%), os infranaviculare (0.3%), os intermetatarseum (0.2%), and os subtibiale (0.1%). Coexistence of two or three ossicles in the same foot was observed in 4.4% of the cases, mostly coexistence with os peroneum (2.9%), followed by accessory navicular (1.6%). 2.7% of accessory ossicles were initially misdiagnosed as avulsion fractures at emergency departments. Interrater agreement over identification of different accessory ossicles was found to be reasonably reliable, with a Kappa greater than 0.80 for all assessed bones. Conclusions: In clinical practice, a thorough knowledge of normal anatomical variants is essential to facilitate appropriate diagnosis and treatment and can help to prevent diagnostic errors.