Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of arbidol hydrochloride tablets as a treatment for influenza-like diseases. Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, controlled, open label study, a total of 412 influenza-like cases were collected from 14 hospitals in seven regions of Hebei Province from September 2021 to March 2022. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The control group (n = 207) were administered oseltamivir phosphate capsules for five days and the experimental group (n = 205) were administered arbidol hydrochloride tablets for five days. The primary endpoint was the time to normal body temperature, and the secondary endpoints included the time to remission of influenza symptoms, incidence of influenza-like complications, and incidence of adverse reactions. Results: Before treatment, there was no significant difference between the two groups in general conditions, blood routine, body temperature, or symptom severity. After treatment, there was no significant difference between the groups in the mean time to fever remission (59.24 h ± 25.21 vs. 61.05 h ± 29.47) or the mean time to remission of influenza symptoms (57.31 h ± 30.19 vs. 62.02 h ± 32.08). Survival analyses using Log-rank and Wilcoxon bilateral tests showed that there was no significant difference in fever relief time or influenza symptom relief time between the two groups. Regarding the incidence of complications and adverse events, there was only one case of tracheitis, one case of nausea, one case of vomiting, and one case of dizziness in the control group. In the experimental group, there was one case of nausea, one case of vomiting, and one case of drowsiness. In addition, one patient in the control group was hospitalized for urinary calculi. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the patients with influenza-like cases treated with arbidol hydrochloride tablets and those treated with oseltamivir phosphate capsules. Further, the patients treated with arbidol hydrochloride tablets had fewer adverse reactions, and thus, the tablets were safe to use.

Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus have been at heightened risk for developing atrial fibrillation. We aimed to investigate whether this association is causal using Mendelian randomization. Using publicly available genome-wide association studies data, we selected single nucleotide polymorphisms significantly associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus as instrumental variables. We employed inverse variance-weighted, weighted median, MR-Egger regression, simple mode, and weighted mode methods within a two-sample Mendelian randomization framework to assess the causal relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus and atrial fibrillation. We evaluated the pleiotropy and heterogeneity levels of the included genetic instruments using MR-PRESSO, MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's Q test, funnel plots, and leave-one-out plots. Causal impact of type 1 diabetes mellitus on atrial fibrillation: Inverse variance weighted (odds ratio [OR] = 0.996, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.985-1.007, P = 0.498). MR-Egger (OR = 1.000, 95 % CI: 0.985-1.016, P = 0.963). Weighted median (OR = 0.985, 95 % CI: 0.973-0.998, P = 0.022). Simple mode (OR = 1.007, 95 % CI: 0.974-1.040, P = 0.698). Weighted mode (OR = 0.995, 95 % CI: 0.984-1.005, P = 0.298). MR-Egger intercept test (P = 0.437). There was no evidence of pleiotropy among the genetic instrumental variables included in the analysis. In Mendelian randomization analysis, we did not find evidence of a causal relationship between genetically determined type 1 diabetes mellitus in European ancestry populations and atrial fibrillation.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of Arbidol hydrochloride tablets in the treatment of influenza-like cases. Methods A multicenter, randomized controlled, open study was conducted. 412 influenza-like cases were collected from 14 hospitals in 7 regions of Hebei Province from September 2021 to March 2022. They were randomly divided into 2 groups. 207 patients in the control group were given oseltamivir phosphate capsules for 5 days. 205 patients in the experimental group were given Arbidol hydrochloride tablets for 5 days. The primary endpoint was the time to normal body temperature, and the secondary endpoint included the time to remission of influenza symptoms, the incidence of influenza-like complications, and the incidence of adverse reactions. Results 1) Before treatment, there was no significant difference between the two groups in general conditions, blood routine, body temperature and symptom severity.2) After treatment, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the mean remission time of fever (59.24 ± 25.21) H vs. (61.05 ± 29.47) H and the mean remission time of influenza symptoms (57.31 ± 30.19) H vs. (62.02 ± 32.08) H. Survival analysis Logrank and Wilcoxon bilateral test showed that there was no significant difference in fever relief time and influenza symptom relief time between the two groups.3) Incidence of complications and adverse events: there was only 1 case of tracheitis in the control group. In the control group, nausea occurred in 1 case, vomiting in 1 case and dizziness in 1 case. In experimental group, nausea occurred in 1 case, vomiting in 1 case and drowsiness in 1 case. In addition, 1 patient in control group was hospitalized for urinary calculi. Conclusion There is no significant difference between Arbidol hydrochloride tablets and Oseltamivir phosphate capsules in the treatment of influenza like cases, and Arbidol hydrochloride tablets have less adverse reactions and are safe to use.