Penyebab tidak langsung dari masalah gizi balita adalah ketersediaan pangan dan keragamannya. Ketersediaan dan keragaman pangan ini tidak terlepas dari tingkat sosial ekonomi keluarga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan dari keragaman pangan, ketersediaan pangan, dan tingkat ekonomi dengan status gizi balita di Kota Malang. Penelitian cross-sectional dengan metode multistage sampling pada 57 kelurahan di kota Malang dilakukan pada 115 keluarga yang mempunyai balita pada tahun 2014. Keragaman pangan tingkat rumah tangga diukur dengan kuesioner Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS), ketersediaan pangan rumah tangga dengan Household 7-days-food record, tingkat ekonomi dengan indikator jenis dan total pendapatan, persen pengeluaran untuk pangan (%PP) serta status gizi balita dengan indikator z-skor BB/TB, BB/U, dan TB/U. Analisis dilakukan dengan uji korelasi Spearmann/Pearson dan Fisher’s exact. Rata-rata usia balita adalah 24,22 ± 15,74 bulan terdiri dari laki-laki 61 (53%) dan 54 (47%) perempuan. Prevalensi balita kurus 12,17%, pendek 26,09%, dan berat badan kurang 11,3%. Median HDDS adalah 9 dengan ketersediaan energi/kapita/hari sebesar 983,28 (631,58; 2210,97) kkal/kapita/hari. Rata-rata total pendapatan per rumah tangga adalah Rp.1.176.576±1,94 dan Rp.374.47±1,9 per kapita. Adapun %PP sebesar 59,13±1,8%. Terdapat hubungan negatif antara z-skor BB/TB dan HDDS dengan dengan %PP (p=0.042, r=-0.19 dan p=0,002 dan r=-0,29) serta hubungan positif antara HDDS dengan jumlah pendapatan (p<0,001 dan r=0,378). Z-skor BB/TB juga mempunyai hubungan dengan jenis pendapatan (p<0,05). Kesimpulannya bahwa ada hubungan antara keragaman pangan dan pendapatan (jumlah dan jenis) dengan Z-skor BB/TB sehingga hal ini dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor status gizi. Kata Kunci: Keragaman pangan; ketersediaan pangan; status gizi; HDDS   The underlying cause of malnutrition among children under the age of five is food availability and food diversity. These factors are related to economic level of the household. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation betwen food availability and diversity as well as economic status and nutritional status of children under five in Malang City. A cross-sectional study with multistage sampling method from 57 villages in Malang city was conducted among 115 households having underfive age children in 2014. Food diversity was measured using Household Dietary Diversity Score questionnaire (HDDS), household food availability using Household 7-day-food record, economic status using the indicator types of income, total income, and proportion of food expenditure (%FE). WHZ, WAZ and HAZ were used to determine nutritional status. Analisis was performed by Spearmann/Pearson correlation and Fisher’s exact. The average age of children was 24,22 ± 15,74 months, consisting of 61 (53%) male and 54 (47%) female. Prevalence of wasting was 12,17%, stunting 26,09% and underweight 11,3%. Median HDDS was 9, food availaibilty in term of energy/person/day was 983,28 (631,58; 2210,97) kcal/person/day. The average income per household was Rp.1.176,576±1,94 and Rp.374.47±1,9 per person. Proportion of food expenditure was 59,13±1,8%. There was a negative correlation between WHZ and HDDS with %FE (p=0.042, r=-0,19 dan p=0,002 dan r=-0,29) and positive correlatition between HDDS and total income (p<0,001 dan r=0,378). WHZ was also correlated with types of incomes (p<0,05). The conclusion was that dietary diversity and income (types and amount) was correlated with WHZ. Therefore these indicators can be used as a predictor of nutritional status. Key words: dietary diversity; food availability; nutritional status; HDDS

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices among children less than five years old and living in a rice surplus area in Demak Regency, Central Java.Design/methodology/approach: From December 2014 to February 2015, a cross-sectional survey was carried out in Demak, which had a high proportion of undernourished children despite high rice production. In total, 384 mothers having children below five years old from farmer family background were interviewed using a structured questionnaire about sociodemographic parameters and child feeding practices. Food habits were also investigated among these women during two focus group discussions in two selected sub-districts.Findings: Only 10.9 per cent of the children were exclusively breastfed for six months. About 60 per cent of the mothers practiced supplementary feeding in addition to breastfeeding and started complementary feeding too early. Duration of exclusive breastfeeding practice and child’s age at onset of complementary feeding were positively correlated (p= 0.04). The main reasons of supplementary feeding and too early introduction of complementary food were based on the elderly women’s opinions, and the very short duration of maternity leave for employed mothers. Mothers with a low education level had a higher chance of not reaching the optimum score of complementary feeding practices (p= 0.012).Originality/value: Despite a high level of food security in the project area, inadequate knowledge of young child feeding practices has contributed to sub-optimal breastfeeding practices. Higher educated women were more likely to follow optimal complementary feeding practices. Therefore, promotion of breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices targeting all key actors should be implemented in the study area to prevent undernutrition among infants.