The Cenozoic evolution of the Qaidam basin, especially its paleostress field, can provide a better understanding of the dynamistic process of the northern Tibetan Plateau. Under certain conditions, Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) holds great potential for investigating early tectonic events, even where macroscopic and microscopic evidence of deformation is invisible. A basin‐scale AMS study of the middle to late Eocene Xiaganchaigou Formation and the early to middle Miocene Xiayoushashan Formation from seven locations was conducted, covering most outcrops of these two formations within the Qaidam basin. In the western Qaidam basin, principal stress directions inferred from AMS ellipsoids consist with those inferred from fold axial traces, while at Eboliang and in the northern Qaidam basin, most principal stress directions reflected by AMS ellipsoids are different from those reflected by fold axial traces. Two epochs of compressive strain have been identified: an early N‐S strain no later than Oligocene and a late NE‐SW strain since Miocene. The early N‐S compression is more intense in the northern Qaidam basin than that in the western Qaidam basin, while the late NE‐SW compression, which dominates the modern NW‐SE trending fold axial traces, is more intense in the western Qaidam basin than that in the northern Qaidam basin. The stress transfer provides a reasonable explanation for the southeastward migration of the deposition center in the Qaidam basin during Cenozoic. Moreover, the appearance of E‐component compression may be in close relationship with the beginning of the left‐lateral strike‐slip Kunlun Fault or the eastward channel flow to the south of the Kunlun Fault.

The Qaidam basin is the largest topographic depression inside the Tibetan Plateau and it is a key factor to understanding the Cenozoic evolution of the northern Tibetan Plateau. Paleomagnetic data was obtained from the middle to late Eocene Xiaganchaigou Formation and the early to middle Miocene Xiayoushashan Formation from seven localities. The paleomagnetic results indicate that the Qaidam basin has not undergone obvious basin‐scale vertical axis rotation with respect to the Eurasia Plate since the Eocene. Local clockwise rotation took place only at a few special locations along the northern margin of the Qaidam basin. The uniform paleomagnetic results at different localities support that the Qaidam basin is a relatively rigid block. Regional paleomagnetic and geodetic observations also suggest that crust south of the Kunlun fault moves eastward faster than crust north of the Kunlun fault.

Climate and tectonism are both particularly intense in the Yarlung Zangbo (Tsangpo) Great Canyon in the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, which is characterized by the most rapid landscape evolution of anywhere in the world. Thus, the eastern Himalayan syntaxis is one of the best locations to study the interactions between climate and tectonics. This paper investigates the cooling ages of the Doxong La-Baibung profile using apatite fission track (AFT) dating on 11 bedrock samples at elevations ranging from 4210 to 710 m. There are topographic, climatic, metamorphic, and thermochronological gradients in the profile, providing good conditions to study interactions between climate and tectonics. AFT ages ranged from 4.6±0.6 Ma to 1.7±0.3 Ma, and the mean fission track lengths ranged from 11.0 to 12.4 μm. It was found that the cooling rates revealed by AFT ages increased with decreasing elevation. However, the tendency of the cooling rates revealed by the ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar ages was different from that indicated by the AFT ages. Moreover, for most districts of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, the compiled AFT age distribution correlates well with the annual average precipitation, indicating the coupling of the cooling and erosion rates of the near-surface rock and precipitation. The geothermal history modeling results indicate an obvious increase in the cooling and erosion rate between 1.0 and 0.5 Ma. This age is consistent with other research findings for this time, when the vapor channel of the Yarlung Zangbo Great Canyon began to take effect. These evidences suggest that climate, especially precipitation, has acting as a key factor influencing the rapid cooling and erosion in the Yarlung Zangbo Great Canyon since 1–0.5 Ma.