The process of liquid radial reflux interference during jet penetration in a liquid-filled composite structure is divided in this study into three stages: bottom plate reflection interference, side-wall reflection interference, and side-wall secondary reflection interference. The calculation model of the velocity interval of the disturbed jet and the residual penetration depth of the jet has been established through theoretical analysis. Results show that the liquid-filled composite structure can interfere with the high-speed section of the shaped charge jet. The accuracy of the theoretical analysis in this paper has been verified through numerical simulation, X-ray, and depth-of-penetration experiments. Among the results, those of the X-ray experiment show that the liquid-filled composite structure has interference on the tip of the shaped charge jet, which provides a possibility for the application of the liquid-filled composite structure to ammunition safety and other extreme cases.

In the military field, determining how to increase the hole-expanding ability of shaped charge warheads is a key and difficult issue with respect to warhead development. Amorphous alloys have grains or grain boundaries, with unique mechanical properties. Zr_41.2Ti_13.8Cu_12.5Ni₁₀Be_22.5 can be used as the liner material of shaped charges, resulting in high-speed particle flows that differ from those of traditionally shaped charges. In this paper, based on the analysis of the mechanical response characteristics of Zr_41.2Ti_13.8Cu_12.5Ni₁₀Be_22.5 and its fracture morphology under impact, combined with the formation theory of shaped charge jets, a semi-empirical formula is derived to calculate the velocity of non-cohesive high-speed particle flow considering the elastic strain energy loss. Additionally, the reliability of the proposed theoretical model is verified through experiments. The penetration process of Zr-based amorphous alloy high-speed particle flow into a concrete target is theoretically analyzed, and the penetration stages of the high-speed particle flow into the target are clearly distinguished. Combined with the penetration theory of shaped charge particle jets, a high-speed particle flow penetration model is proposed, and a pore expansion model is established through an energy method. The experimentally obtained data on depth of penetration are in agreement with the theoretical calculation results.

The flow stress of face-centered cubic (FCC) metals exhibits a rapid increase near a strain rate of 10⁴ s⁻¹ under fixed-strain conditions. However, many existing constitutive models either fail to capture the mechanical characteristics of this plastic deformation or use piecewise strain-rate hardening models to describe this phenomenon. Unfortunately, these piecewise models may suffer from issues such as discontinuity of physical quantities and difficulties in determining segment markers, and struggle to reflect the underlying physical mechanisms that give rise to this mutation phenomenon. In light of this, this paper proposes that the abrupt change in flow stress sensitivity to strain rate in FCC metals can be attributed to microstructural evolution characteristics. To address this, a continuous semiempirical physical constitutive model for FCC metals is established based on the microstructural size evolution proposed by Molinari and Ravichandran and the dislocation motion slip mechanism. This model effectively describes the mutation behavior of strain-rate sensitivity under fixed strain, particularly evident in an annealed OFHC. The predicted results of the model across a wide range of strain rates (10⁻⁴–10⁶ s⁻¹) and temperatures (77–1096 K) demonstrate relative errors generally within ±10% of the experimental values. Furthermore, the model is compared with five other models, including the mechanical threshold stress (MTS), Nemat-Nasser–Li (NNL), Preston–Tonks–Wallace (PTW), Johnson–Cook (JC), and Molinari–Ravichandran (MR) models. A comprehensive illustration of errors reveals that the proposed model outperforms the other five models in describing the plastic deformation behavior of OFHC. The error results offer valuable insights for selecting appropriate models for engineering applications and provide significant contributions to the field.

In order to reduce the test cycle of effectiveness test required in the antibacterial property vibration test of antibacterial textiles, the effectiveness test was investigated by method of bacteriostasis test and spectrophotometry. The results showed that the determination of bacterial activity could be evaluated by the OD₆₀₀ value of test bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus). When the OD₆₀₀ value is between 0.6 and 0.8, the growth value F is more than 1.0, which means the antibacterial property test experiment is more effective and more accurate. The weaker bacteriostatic activity of antibacterial textiles indicates the textiles were cleaned for many times. The relationship between the OD₆₀₀ value of tested bacteria and determination of tested bacteria activity in antibacterial property test of textiles showed that this method could effectively shorten the test cycle in antibacterial property vibration test of textiles.

The flow stress of face-centered cubic (FCC) metals exhibits a rapid increase near a strain rate of 104 s-1 under fixed strain conditions. However, many existing constitutive models either fail to capture the mechanical characteristics of this plastic deformation or use piecewise strain rate hardening models to describe this phenomenon. Unfortunately, the piecewise models may suffer from issues such as discontinuity of physical quantities and difficulties in determining segment markers, and struggling to reflect the underlying physical mechanisms that give rise to this mutation phenomenon. In light of this, this paper proposes that the abrupt change in flow stress sensitivity to strain rate in FCC metals can be attributed to microstructural evolution characteristics. To address this, a continuous semi-empirical physical constitutive model for FCC metals is established based on the microstructural size evolution proposed by Molinari-Ravichandran and the dislocation motion slip mechanism. This model effectively describes the mutation behavior of strain rate sensitivity under fixed strain, particularly evident in the annealed OFHC. The predicted results of the model across a wide range of strain rates (10-4 − 106 s-1) and temperatures (77 − 1096 K) demonstrate relative errors generally within ±10% of the experimental values. Furthermore, the model is compared to five other models, including Mechanical Threshold Stress (MTS), Nemat-Nasser-Li (NNL), Preston-Tonks-Wallace (PTW), Johnson-Cook (JC), and Molinari-Ravichandran (MR) models. A comprehensive illustration of errors reveals that the proposed model outperforms the other five models in describing the plastic deformation behavior of OFHC. The error results offer valuable insights for selecting appropriate models for engineering applications and provide significant contributions to the field.