The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) booster dose vaccination after completing the primary vaccination series for individuals ≥18 years and most-at-risk populations. This study aimed to estimate the pooled proportion of COVID-19 vaccine booster dose uptake and intention to get the booster dose among general populations and healthcare workers (HCWs). We searched PsycINFO, Scopus, EBSCO, MEDLINE Central/PubMed, ProQuest, SciELO, SAGE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect according to PRISMA guidelines. From a total of 1079 screened records, 50 studies were extracted. Meta-analysis was conducted using 48 high-quality studies according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool. Using the 48 included studies, the pooled proportion of COVID-19 vaccine booster dose acceptance among 198,831 subjects was 81% (95% confidence interval (CI): 75–85%, I² = 100%). The actual uptake of the booster dose in eight studies involving 12,995 subjects was 31% (95% CI: 19–46%, I² = 100%), while the intention to have the booster dose of the vaccine was 79% (95% CI: 72–85%, I² = 100%). The acceptance of the booster dose of COVID-19 vaccines among HCWs was 66% (95% CI: 58–74%), I² = 99%). Meta-regression revealed that previous COVID-19 infection was associated with a lower intention to have the booster dose. Conversely, previous COVID-19 infection was associated with a significantly higher level of booster dose actual uptake. The pooled booster dose acceptance in the WHO region of the Americas, which did not include any actual vaccination, was 77% (95% CI: 66–85%, I² = 100%). The pooled acceptance of the booster dose in the Western Pacific was 89% (95% CI: 84–92%, I² = 100), followed by the European region: 86% (95% CI: 81–90%, I² = 99%), the Eastern Mediterranean region: 59% (95% CI: 46–71%, I² = 99%), and the Southeast Asian region: 52% (95% CI: 43–61%, I² = 95). Having chronic disease and trust in the vaccine effectiveness were the significant predictors of booster dose COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. The global acceptance rate of COVID-19 booster vaccine is high, but the rates vary by region. To achieve herd immunity for the disease, a high level of vaccination acceptance is required. Intensive vaccination campaigns and programs are still needed around the world to raise public awareness regarding the importance of accepting COVID-19 vaccines needed for proper control of the pandemic.

Background: The presented meta-analysis was developed in response to the publication of several studies addressing COVID-19 vaccines hesitancy. We aimed to identify the proportion of vaccine acceptance and rejection, and factors affecting vaccine hesitancy worldwide especially with the fast emergency approval of vaccines. Methods: Online database search was performed, and relevant studies were included with no language restriction. A meta-analysis was conducted using R software to obtain the random effect model of the pooled prevalence of vaccine acceptance and rejection. Egger’s regression test was performed to assess publication bias. Quality assessment was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool. Results: Thirty-nine out of 12246 articles met the predefined inclusion criteria. All studies were cross-sectional designs. The pooled proportion of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was 17% (95% CI: 14-20) while the pooled proportion of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was 75% (95% CI: 71-79). The vaccine hesitancy and the vaccine acceptance showed high heterogeneity (I ² =100%). Case fatality ratio and the number of reported cases had significant effect on the vaccine acceptance as the pooled proportion of vaccine acceptance increased by 39.95% (95% CI: 20.1-59.8) for each 1% increase in case fatality (P<0.0001) and decreased by 0.1% (95% CI: -0.2-0.01) for each 1000 reported case of COVID-19, P= 0.0183). Conclusion: Transparency in reporting the number of newly diagnosed COVID-19 cases and deaths is mandatory as these factors are the main determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.

Gastrocolic fistula (GCF) is a rare but serious complication following metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS), primarily caused by leaks from the staple line or anastomotic sites. This systematic review aims to comprehensively analyze the diagnosis and management strategies for GCF following MBS. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched until March 2024. Studies were independently screened and extracted using the PRISMA checklist. This systematic review included 16 studies (13 case reports and three retrospective cohort studies). GCF was most prevalent in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), accounting for 81.2% of the studies. The transverse colon was the most common site of occurrence. Exploratory laparoscopy was utilized as the final treatment or rescue surgery in 85.7% of GCF case report studies, with all patients successfully healed following these interventions. The time from diagnosis to closure of the GCF varied significantly: in acute studies, closure occurred between 14 and 61 days, while in chronic studies, it ranged from 1 to 12 months. This systematic review concludes that surgical intervention should be recommended for managing GCF following specific staple line leaks in LSG. Most GCF studies occurred more than 6 months post-surgery, indicating a late complication. Computed tomography (CT) was the most frequently used diagnostic tool. Although over-the-scope clips (OTSC) and stents were employed, their efficacy as primary treatments remain questionable due to limited and inconsistent study outcomes.

Gastric remnant or duodenal perforation after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is rare and may be missed radiologically. We systematically reviewed PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science and included 26 reports (34 patients), alongside a video-illustrated late OAGB case. Mean age was 49 years, 73.5% were female, and BMI at presentation was 33.58 kg/m²; 32 events followed RYGB and 2 OAGB, occurring a mean of 118.7 months postoperatively. CT was performed in 79.4% and more often showed free fluid than pneumoperitoneum. Laparoscopy (70.6%) with primary repair with or without omental flap or limited remnant resection achieved source control; no completion gastrectomies or 30-day deaths were reported. Early diagnostic laparoscopy should be considered in septic bypass patients with unexplained free fluid; however, the available evidence is limited to case reports and small case series, so definitive conclusions regarding incidence, comparative risk, or causative mechanisms cannot be drawn.