A number of Mobile-Assisted-Language-Learning (MALL) apps have been developed to enlarge students’ vocabulary. However, few studies have discussed the potential to learn words deeply and productively. Therefore, this study evaluated the effectiveness of a mind mapping MALL app as an aid to assist northern Taiwan EFL participants in learning vocabulary. The research questions aimed to examine changes in vocabulary learning outcomes, and the perspectives the participants held regarding the app. Data were collected through tests (pretest, posttest and delayed posttest), visualized vocabulary knowledge mind mappings, and surveys. The posttest results showed the use of the mind mapping MALL app enhanced EFL vocabulary learning (t = 3.68, p<.05; Cohen’s d = 0.81, r = 0.38). In addition, based on the questionnaire responses, experimental participants agreed that not only did the MALL app provide them with a feasible way to move from receptive ways of learning to productive ways of learning, but it also bolstered word consciousness and word retention. Analytical ANCOVA results also verified that learners benefited more from the mind mapping app with respect to learning performance in their delayed posttest (t = 3.45, p<.05; Cohen’s d = 0.77, r = 0.36). The findings may be construed as an effective method towards learning foreign words and further exploring the potential of vocabulary learning and MALL.

In this study, we investigated whether tourists view attractive tour guides as more competent, humorous tour guides as more approachable, and experienced tour guides as more professional, and whether these three factors influence the effectiveness of tour guide interpretation. The results indicated that physical attractiveness and humor had additive effects on interpretation effectiveness when combined. Although some tour guides were not physically attractive, experience provided an additive effect on interpretation effectiveness. Thus, we recommend discarding stereotypes regarding physical attractiveness and improving education and training in humor for tour guides. Experienced tour guides wearing appropriate attire also increases interpretation effectiveness.

In the past decade, the scale of e-commerce has continued to grow. With the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, brick-and-mortar businesses have been actively developing online channels where precision marketing has become the focus. This study proposed using the electrocardiography (ECG) recorded by wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches) to judge purchase intentions through deep learning. The method of this study included a long short-term memory (LSTM) model supplemented by collective decisions. The experiment was divided into two stages. The first stage aimed to find the regularity of the ECG and verify the research by repeated measurement of a small number of subjects. A total of 201 ECGs were collected for deep learning, and the results showed that the accuracy rate of predicting purchase intention was 75.5%. Then, incremental learning was adopted to carry out the second stage of the experiment. In addition to adding subjects, it also filtered five different frequency ranges. This study employed the data augmentation method and used 480 ECGs for training, and the final accuracy rate reached 82.1%. This study could encourage online marketers to cooperate with health management companies with cross-domain big data analysis to further improve the accuracy of precision marketing.

Mobile devices are becoming ubiquitous methodologies and tools, providing application for learning and teaching field. On the basis of the widespread use of wireless devices and mobile computing technology, this study proposes a context-aware plant ecology learning system (CAPELS) based on context-aware technology; adapting deep neural networks (DNN) and leaf vein and shape identification algorithm which can identify plant leaves, this system automatically provides relevant botanical and growth environment knowledge to the learners. Therefore, during outdoor education, it can assist learners in accurately obtaining the required relevant botanical and growth environment knowledge. The experimental results indicate that students who used CAPELS performed better learning about plant ecology than those who did not. We also delivered questionnaires to those who used CAPELS and analyzed the results by using the partial least squares (PLS) method. The results have shown that CAPELS can encourage student’s learning motivation and thus improve their learning effectiveness. Thus, CAPELS provides a new educational platform for promoting ecology learning approach and effectively improves student learning efficiency and motivation.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the seating condition on learning tasks. This physical setting and these cognitive activities (that participants then test) are not the totality of education practice and context, but desks and chairs are important physical elements for students to learn, because students always spend so much time learning at their seats. At present, the chairs purchased by the school have uniform specifications, so they cannot be customized. To provide students with more comfort, their sitting condition and backrest are commonly adjusted. This study investigated the effects of the sitting condition on the performance of short learning tasks that require high concentration, namely short-term number memorization, mathematical calculations, and logical judgment, through a two-way within-subjects design (seat depth and backrest height). Thirty adults over 20 years old, with visual acuity (including corrected visual acuity) greater than 0.7 and no history of musculoskeletal disease, participated in this experiment. The results indicated that seat depth and backrest height had an interaction effect on task performance. Sitting on the front third of a chair with a lower backrest produced excellent learning tasks outcomes; seat configuration may affect student performance on learning tasks. Thus, schools and educational institutions can try to require students to temporarily sit in this sitting condition to perform such tasks. In addition, schools can purchase chairs with a lower backrest and require that students use lumbar pads to adjust the seat depth to achieve superior learning task outcomes in classrooms.