Considering the limited resources of fossil energy and the problems caused by the emission of greenhouse gases, it is necessary to pay more attention to renewable energies, because in this way, the goals of sustainable development can be achieved. The importance of renewable energies in sustainable development, reducing greenhouse gases and increasing energy security on the one hand, and the need for financial resources and large investments for renewable energy projects on the other hand, doubles the role and importance of financial development in the development of renewable energies. Considering the importance of this issue, the present study examines the impact of the development of modern facilities and renewable energy technology. In this study, dynamic interactions in the Sustainable-Energy-Energy Development Pattern of carbon dioxide are investigated using the Bayesian Vector Auto Regression (BVAR) method. One of the most important indicators for evaluating sustainable development is the modified pure arrangement (GS). For this purpose, this index was used as a sustainable development index. The results indicate that the effect of positive impulse on renewable and renewable energy consumption on sustainable development in Uganda is positive. In addition, the positive shock of renewable and renewable energy consumption increases the emissions of carbon dioxide pollutants to a different extent. In addition, the effect of the growth of sustainable development index on renewable energy consumption and renewal energy consumption is (CO₂) negative. The research results show that based on the RMSE criterion, the former SSVS-Full function was used to investigate the impact of renewable energy consumption on sustainable development and the independent Normal-Wish art function was used. Therefore, in this research, the dynamic relationships between sustainable development, energy consumption (separately from renewable and non-renewable energy) and CO₂ emissions are investigated.

Optically Variable Devices (OVDs) are widely used as security features in anti-counterfeiting efforts. OVDs enable the display of color dynamic effects that are easily interpreted by the user. However, obtaining these elements over large areas poses certain challenges in terms of efficiency. The paper presents a modified approach for manufacturing plasmonic type OVDs through dot-matrix technology, which is a standard origination step of security holograms. By adjusting the spatial filters in the optical scheme, it is possible to double the resolution of the recorded quasi-sinusoidal diffraction gratings. The experiments confirm the creation of diffraction gratings with frequencies from 1600 to 3500 lines per mm, which facilitates the production of plasmonic zero-order spectral filters. The paper shows how the transmission characteristics of the studied elements are affected by the geometric parameters of the diffraction grating, silver layer thickness, angle of incidence, and polarization of light. The results have shown that using the proposed method it is possible to obtain 1D or 2D structural color OVD-image on a large area - several square centimeters and more. High speed recording of such elements is provided: the exposure time was from 120 to 400 ms depending on the grating resolution for a 0.05 mm² frame, the total printing time for the size of the 25×25 mm² OVD was about 2.5 hours for a 1D element, and less than 3.5 hours for a 2D element. Thus, the proposed method and the OVD elements produced by it can be useful to designers of optical security elements as a simpler and faster alternative to electron-beam lithographic technologies.

In this research, studies were conducted on the possibility of providing thermal compensation of the information display device circuit based on a holographic waveguide when the wavelength of the radiation source ch as a result of changes in ambient temperature. A variant of implementing the waveguide structure in terms of the geometry of the diffraction gratings arrangement is proposed, its main parameters (grating period, thickness, refractive index) and the dependencies between them affecting the quality of the reproduced image are determined.

The paper presents an augmented reality display based on the free-space combiner, consisting of two holographic mirrors: flat and spherical. A feature of such a system is a high-reflection coefficient of mirrors up to 90% for one wavelength and a high transmittance to the lumen up to 67% throughout the rest of the visible spectrum, unlike similar solutions implementing principles of polarization or dichroic beam splitting. The recording scheme and calculation of a separate flat holographic mirror and spherical holographic mirror are described. The proposed augmented reality display can provide multifocality, i.e., reproduction of virtual images at several distances, which demonstrates a certain perspective of this implementation in terms of compensation for the vergence accommodation conflict.

Subject of study. The capabilities of the technologies for marking products and security holograms based on the analysis of the spectral properties of molecular structures introduced to the holograms are considered in combination with the adoption of quantum dots and magnetic microparticles (MPs). The primary focus is on the issues of the analysis of the Raman spectra of molecules excited by plasmonic-resonant electromagnetic fields. Method. Modern technologies for hologram security are based on the use of various protective optical effects concealed from visual observation. These effects reveal themselves only under the relevant illumination of holograms when specialized optical equipment is employed. Unique methods for marking and identification of holograms using the magneto-optical, fluorescent, and spectral properties of the emission of MPs and molecular structures with sizes ranging from tens of nanometers to tens of micrometers, which are excited by localized electromagnetic fields, are considered. The plasmonic-resonant methods for the excitation of marking molecular labels introduced into the hologram structures are the most relevant, together with the arising spectra of surface-enhanced Raman scattering that are used for the identification and authenticity verification of the holograms. Main results. The use of plasmonic-resonant methods for concentrating electromagnetic fields for the excitation of marking molecular labels was demonstrated to be able to ensure the amplification of their Raman emission by several orders of magnitude, which results in the significant enhancement of recognizability and identification of security holograms. Practical significance. The technologies for hologram protection proposed in this work are based on the combination of different types of markings such as hidden holographic images, magneto-optical and fluorescent images of MPs, and Raman spectra of molecular structures that are enhanced by plasmonic-resonant methods. These technologies significantly increase the reliability, security, and authenticity of the marking and its identification. The results of this study will help in forming the basic technical requirements for design of portable devices for the identification of security hologram markings.