Self-regulated learning (SRL) is considered a construct of great heuristic value and has attracted the attention of numerous researchers and inspired influential theoretical models. The objective of the present study was to provide an up-to-date, comparative and integrated description of the theoretical models of SRL used in current empirical research. For this purpose, we conducted a critical review of the scientific literature referring explicitly to any SRL model and we described, compared and integrated the processes and personal and situational dimensions considered in each model. The models have clearly evolved from focusing on cold self-regulation, conscious activity and individual functioning, to emphasising hot self-regulation and considering implicit activity and interindividual functioning. Among empirical research lines based on the most recent models, the following stand out: detailed analysis of SRL during its progress, the manifestation of SRL in diverse instructional formats and the role of affective/motivational self-regulation.

Self-regulated learning is recognized as a core competence for academic success and life-long formation. The social context in which self-regulated learning develops and takes place is attracting growing interest. Using cross-sectional data from secondary education students (n = 561), we aimed to formulate explanatory arguments regarding the effect of social support on metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive and cognitive learning strategies, and academic achievement, considering the potential mediating role of goal orientation self-management. Structural Equation Modelling yielded a conceptually consistent and statistically satisfactory empirical model, explaining a moderate-high percentage of the variance in self-regulated learning and academic achievement. The results showed that perceived support from teachers and family positively predicted metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive and cognitive learning strategies, and mastery self-talk and negatively predicted work-avoidance self-talk. Moreover, mastery self-talk and work-avoidance self-talk directly and indirectly (through metacognitive knowledge) predicted academic achievement. Perceived social support is proposed as a marker of vulnerability/protection and as a resource for facing challenges in the academic context.

Background: According to the Self‐Determination Theory, satisfaction of basic psychological needs for relatedness, competence and autonomy is a necessary basis of motivational self‐regulation in students. Supportive academic contexts are expected to satisfy these basic needs. Aims: We aimed to explore the mediating effect of motivational self‐regulation strategies in the relationships between the provisions of emotional support, guidance and reassurance of worth from peers and academic achievement in adolescents. Sample and Methods: A total of 463 students enrolled in compulsory secondary education were recruited for the study. The students completed self‐report measures of perceived social support and motivational self‐regulation strategies, and their academic grades were noted. The data obtained were examined by regression mediational analysis. Results: Overall, peer support had a significant effect on self‐regulated motivation. Several motivational regulation strategies had a mediating effect on the relationship between perceived support from peers and academic achievement. Conclusions: Considering the nature of the mediational strategies, peers seem to encourage autonomous types of regulation and address the lack of motivation in students. Thus, in the light of our findings, peer support must be considered in creating a classroom climate that is conducive to engagement and learning.

En el presente estudio se analizan las necesidades y dificultades para la atención educativa del profesorado a alumnado con discapacidad en el aula y su relación con distintas variables: sexo y edad del profesorado, tipo de discapacidad y etapa educativa. En relación con esta última variable se pretende comparar las reacciones del profesorado de secundaria con las del universitario, a través de una muestra de 200 docentes de ambos niveles educativos. Se ha observado, tras la aplicación de una adaptación del “Cuestionario para los profesores universitarios” (Castellana y Sala, 2005), que el profesorado de secundaria está más familiarizado con la presencia de alumnado con discapacidad y está más dispuesto a adaptar su metodología, pero a pesar de ello se muestra más inseguro que el universitario, y en consecuencia reclama una mayor formación, especialmente en los casos de discapacidad visual, así como un servicio de mediación y apoyo, que no parece identificarse con el departamento de Orientación. Estas necesidades no cubiertas podrían justificar la valoración mayoritariamente negativa de las experiencias con alumnado con discapacidad, especialmente en la Universidad, donde el desarrollo curricular se impone sobre el desarrollo personal.

Binge drinking (BD) is a high-risk pattern of alcohol consumption that is remarkably prevalent among teenagers and emerging adults. This pattern is thought to alter social networks, affecting access to social support (SS), which is considered essential for adjustment during transitional periods and may in turn play a proactive role against risk behaviors. In this review, we aim to synthesize the available data on the relationship between BD and SS in teenagers and emerging adults. Therefore, a search on three electronic databases was conducted (Web of Science, PsycInfo and PubMed). Articles were screened using eligibility criteria in line with the investigation question and the methodological quality of the studies were reported. Data were analyzed using a narrative synthesis approach. Cross-sectional and longitudinal data suggested that SS is associated with the onset, frequency, and intensity of BD; this relation varies with age, gender, and source of support (family or peers). From developmental and socio-cognitive points of view, the following conclusions were reached: (a) effects beyond the detrimental consequences of BD must be considered in order to interpret the data, and (b) social support should be taken into consideration in intervention strategies.