Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common complication after surgery for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and leads to extended hospital stays and increased mortality. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) in postoperative pericardial drainage fluid is associated with an increased risk of POAF; however, the correlations between MPO in intraoperative pericardial fluid and POAF remain largely unknown. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether MPO is associated with POAF. Methods: A total of 97 patients with no history of atrial arrhythmia who had undergone coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) were identified. We prospectively measured the levels of MPO in intraoperative pericardial fluid and blood using the human magnetic Luminex assay. Then, the occurrence of atrial fibrillation was continuously observed by postoperative ECG and telemetry strips until discharge. Results: Our data showed that POAF occurred in 24 of 97 patients (24.74%). MPO levels in blood were higher in the POAF group than the SR group (p = 0.064). Patients with POAF had significantly higher intraoperative pericardial fluid MPO levels than patients who remained in SR (p = 0.021). There was no significant correlation between pericardial fluid MPO levels and blood MPO levels (r = −0.47, p = 0.770). In a multivariable logistic regression model, pericardial fluid MPO levels were significantly associated with a higher risk of POAF (odds ratio = 1.016, 95% confidence interval, 1.001–1.031; p = 0.031). Conclusions: Higher intraoperative pericardial fluid MPO levels are linked with POAF in patients undergoing CABG. This finding provides insight into a possible mechanism of MPO in pericardial fluid increase susceptibility to developing POAF in patients undergoing CABG.

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a frequent complication of heart surgery, prolonging hospital stays, as well as increasing morbidity and mortality rates. While previous studies have investigated the determinants influencing atrial fibrillation (AF) following heart surgery, the specific risk factors contributing to POAF occurrence after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) are not well understood. Here we used the human magnetic Luminex assay to assess whether biomarkers, particularly cytokines, within intraoperative pericardial fluid could serve as predictive markers for POAF onset among CABG individuals. Methods: In this study we identified 180 patients who underwent CABG with no atrial arrhythmia history. The human magnetic Luminex assay was used to quantify the levels of 36 cytokines in pericardial fluid samples collected during the surgery. The occurrence of POAF was continuously monitored, using both postoperative electrocardiograms and telemetry strips, until the time of discharge. Results: In our cohort of 124 patients, POAF was observed in 30 patients, accounting for 24.19% of the study population. These patients exhibited significantly higher levels of interleukin (IL)-12p70 in their intraoperative pericardial fluids compared to those with normal sinus rhythms (SR, p < 0.001). Subsequently, IL-12p70 was found to be an independent risk factor for POAF, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis established a cut-off threshold for predicting POAF onset of 116.435 pg/mL, based on the maximum Youden index (area under the curve: 0.816). Conclusions: this study establishes a significant association between elevated IL-12p70 levels in intraoperative pericardial fluid and the risk of POAF, particularly when IL-12p70 concentrations exceed the identified cut-off value of 116.435 pg/mL. These findings suggest that IL-12p70 levels could potentially be utilized as a predictive biomarker for the onset of POAF in patients undergoing CABG. This marker may aid in the early identification and management of patients at heightened risk for this complication.

Background Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most frequent complication after heart surgery, prolonging hospital stays, as well as increasing morbidity and death. Previous studies have investigated the determinants of post-heart surgery AF; however, the risk factors contributing to POAF occurrence after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) remains largely unknown. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine if biomarker levels, such as cytokines, within intraoperative pericardial fluid could be used as predictive markers for POAF onset among CABG individuals. Methods 180 patients with no atrial arrhythmia history, who have undergone CABG, were identified, and the human magnetic Luminex assay was used to measure the levels of 36 pericardial fluid cytokines. POAF development was continuously monitored, using both postoperative electrocardiograms and telemetry strips, until the time of discharge. Results POAF was found in 30/124 patients (24.19%). These patients, compared to those with normal sinus rhythms (SR), had significantly higher levels of the interleukin (IL)-12p70 cytokine within their intraoperative pericardial fluids (p < 0.001). Subsequently, IL-12p70 was found to be an independent risk factor for POAF (OR = 1.201; 95% CI, 1.001–1.510; P = 0.014), and ROC analysis determined that the cut-off threshold for predicting POAF onset was 116.435 pg/ml, based on the maximum Youden index (area under the curve: 0.816). Conclusion In this study, we demonstrated that increased IL-12p70 levels within intraoperative pericardial fluid was an independent risk factor for POAF, particularly at levels above the cut-off of 116.435pg/ml. This finding thus could serve as a possible marker for detecting future POAF.