As a result of rapid advancement in electrical and electronics technologies, the application of power electronics is growing day by day due to the significant advantages offered. But as a downside of the same, extreme application of power electronic-based converters has caused the excessive emission of harmonics as well as reactive power in power system networks. Due to the harmonics emission by the power electronic converter-based drives, voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC) gets distorted and it creates problem for appliances of other industrial and domestic consumers connected at the same PCC. Apart from that the reactive power drawn by non-linear as well as LFP loads also causes the demand charges by the utility to increase and makes voltage regulation poor. This work presents the designing and simulation of a photovoltaic fed Distribution-STATCOM for compensation of harmonics and reactive power of a three phase induction motor based drive. Simulation work has been carried out in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The waveforms and THD data obtained in results verifies the capability of proposed DSTATCOM model for compensating harmonics and reactive power of induction motor drive.

An interconnected power system requires specific restrictions to be maintained for frequency, tie-line power, and the terminal voltage of synchronized generators to avoid instability. Therefore, frequency stability and voltage regulation issues are covered individually and jointly in the current research work. Initially in test system 1, automatic generation control (AGC) investigations are done on two interconnected systems with thermal plants and electric vehicles in one area and distributed generation and electric vehicles in other area. The automatic voltage regulator (AVR) problem alone is chosen for investigation in test system 2. The third test system addresses the combined AGC and AVR issues. The performance of the fractional-order tilt-integral-derivative (TID) controller is compared with that of a widely used proportional integral derivative (PID) controller in all three test systems studies. The findings demonstrate better performance of the TID controller than PID in terms of providing superior dynamic metrics, such as low peak overshoots, undershoots, and settling time, as well as decreased oscillations amplitudes. Additionally, TID performs better than PID despite randomized load disturbance, system non-linearities, and time delays in AGC and the combined AGC and AVR problem. The PSO-tuned TID controller is insensitive to variation in load damping factor and time constants of the AVR system. Finally, the results are validated by an OPAL-RT 4510 real-time digital simulator.

Distributed generation (DG) penetration leads to bi-directional power flow which raised tangible challenges in front of power system protection engineers to maintain the sustainability of power system specially during fault conditions. This article proposes a new approach to identify the fault location in a multiterminal nonhomogenous ac microgrid. Implemented method utilizes the information of traveling waves (TW) with the help of intelligent electronic devices connected at the end terminals of the test system. Proposed approach is independent of the propagation velocity of TW for the estimation of fault. Algorithm identifies the fault section using an approach that utilizes the difference of change in voltage difference (prefault and during fault) at different buses. Then, variational mode decomposition signal processing technique is applied to TW waves captured at the fault section terminals, to estimate the fault location. This scheme is implemented on IEEE 33 bus system, modeled in electromagnetic transients including dc/power systems computer aided design (EMTDC/PSCAD), to validate the methodology. Impacts of variations in fault resistance, input noise level, and inception angle has been considered for the validation of proposed scheme. The outcome of test results indicates that the proposed method gives better performance compared to the conventional TW-based techniques.