This paper uses a narrative literature review to provide evidence of the problematic consequences of the fast fashion industry in the context of sustainability and to consider the option of the green marketing approach as a way of reducing negative impacts. Studies relevant to our research were identified through a search of Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar. In recent years, environmental sustainability has played an important role on the political agenda, but it is also driving innovation in business. The range of environmentally friendly products on the market is increasing, and consumers are showing interest in buying these types of products, which are usually more expensive. Unfortunately, fashion production is one of the least sustainable industries. Therefore, more and more fashion companies are trying to implement green approaches in their value chains. Green marketing in the context of the fashion industry essentially refers to products that are produced with respect to working conditions and the environment, and to the possibility of finding a compromise between business objectives and environmental issues.

The overall transition towards a low-carbon economy is expected to pose a solution for several global problems, including the ongoing climate change while ensuring economic and social development. Large oil and gas companies are aware of the need to transform their business, turn to renewable and clean energy sources to build a positive image and reputation, and have the economic power to do so. This paper aims to evaluate the marketing communication of leading European oil and gas companies on their Instagram accounts in the context of reputation building through using social media and identify to what extent the companies reflect the environmental aspects of corporate social responsibility. Content analysis and the Social Blade tool were used to examine the marketing communication of the five biggest companies by revenue. All the companies are active on Instagram, but it has been found that the Russian companies have remained inactive and have even been losing followers since March 2022, when the war conflict in Ukraine started. Surprisingly, Shell uploaded only a few posts during the reference period but is recognized as the company achieving the highest social media effectiveness. Although all observed oil and gas companies continue their business as usual, they incorporate and communicate efforts to support the development of electromobility, clean and renewable energy projects, as well as ecological projects.

The paper focuses on evaluation the use of social media Instagram, YouTube and Twitter by 13 attractive European tourist city destinations for online marketing communication concerning building their reputation in the tourism sector. The following data were collected for all individual social media accounts using the online tool Social Blade: number of uploaded posts/media; number of comments, number of likes/views; number of follower/subscribers. According to the results of the analysis of available data, the quantity of the published content does not automatically mean the high degree of interactions of specific social media users. To determine the effectiveness of published posts (images, videos, textual posts) for individual analysed destinations, the index of Social Media Effectiveness (SME) was created and applied.

The paper focuses on the social network Instagram and its use by Czech university students during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns with restricted travel and services in comparison to typical Instagram activity in the pre-pandemic period. As Instagram specializes in visuals, it is perceived as an attractive online tool for promoting a wide range of products and services, including hospitality services and tourism destinations. The research aimed to determine which aspects of the use of this social network were affected by the pandemic lockdown period in 2020 among the young generation of active Instagram users. The analysis of data collected from a survey of 1138 respondents, for example, showed that students often started to follow new topics - especially in the areas of politics, health, personal development, sports, or hospitality services - in the context of the pandemic and its associated restrictions. At the same time, they started to spend more time on Instagram daily, typically 1-3 hours longer than they did in the pre-pandemic period. The analysis findings suggest that this social network should be seen as an increasingly important tool for effective online communication with the younger generation with tertiary education.

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The analysis is based on a sample of 1015 citizens from Czechia. The cognitive energy literacy index (CELI), based on the knowledge of the energy mix in electricity production and the knowledge of the import/export of electricity in Czechia, is constructed in this article. The research aims to answer the following questions: What is the level of CELI within the population of Czechia? To what extent do the selected socio-demographic indicators affect the CELI? To what extent does CELI influence respondents' perceptions? The medium level of CELI is widespread across the population, while high and low levels of CELI are roughly equally shared. People with a high CELI are more likely to be older men with a university education. CELI also significantly affects the perception of behaviour on an individual, collective, and systemic level. Higher CELI is also associated with higher support for innovative solutions and renewable energy resources.