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Dr. Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini
Universiteit Gent, Ghent, Belgium/ Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium

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0 Innate Immunity
0 Systemic inflammation
0 dairy cow
0 Transition period
0 Reproductive diseases

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Transition period
Systemic inflammation
Innate Immunity
Embryo production

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Journal article
Published: 24 July 2021 in Theriogenology
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We investigated the effect of the antioxidant lycopene supplemented into the in vitro maturation medium (TCM-199 with 20 ng/mL epidermal growth factor and 50 mg/mL gentamycin) in a heat shock (HS) model to mimic in vivo heat stress conditions. Bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes were supplemented with 0.2 μM lycopene (or not supplemented; control) under HS (40.5 °C) and non-HS (NHS; 38.5 °C) during maturation. After 22 h of maturation, we evaluated the nuclear status of the oocytes, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the respective blastocyst development and quality (via differential staining). Data were fitted in logistic and linear regression models, and the replicates were set as a random effect. The nuclear maturation was higher in NHS (84.0 ± 3.2%; least square mean ± standard error) than HS control (60.4 ± 4.3%; P < 0.001). Remarkably, the nuclear maturation in HS lycopene (71.7 ± 4.1%) was similar to NHS control (P = 0.7). Under HS conditions lycopene reduced ROS production (27.4 ± 4.8; relative fluorescence units (RFU)) in comparison to HS control (33.8 ± 1.8 RFU; P = 0.009). However, the ROS production in NHS lycopene (18.9 ± 2.0 RFU) was similar to NHS control (18.7 ± 1.8 RFU; P = 0.9). The cleavage rate in HS lycopene (76.1 ± 3.3%) was not lower than NHS lycopene (83.3 ± 2.5%; P > 0.1). On the day 8 of embryo development, the blastocyst rate was higher for NHS lycopene (55.2 ± 4.7%) versus NHS control (44.5 ± 4.7%; P = 0.04), but under HS the day 8 blastocyst rate was similar between control (29.9 ± 4.2%) and lycopene (32.3 ± 4.2%; P = 0.9). Lycopene supplementation increased the cell number of the embryos (total cell, trophectoderm, and inner cell mass numbers) under NHS conditions (P > 0.03). The apoptotic cell ratio was lower in lycopene (NHS and HS) versus control (NHS and HS) (P > 0.04). Lycopene has the ability to scavenge oocyte ROS and improved the cleavage rate of embryos under HS conditions. However, this could not be translated to a higher blastocyst development, which remained lower under HS. Results of our study indicate that antioxidant supplementation like lycopene during the maturation of bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes may be routinely used to improve blastocyst rate and quality under standard maturation conditions.

ACS Style

G. Residiwati; N. Azari-Dolatabad; H.S.A. Tuska; S. Sidi; P. Van Damme; C. Benedetti; A.F. Montoro; N.L. Luceno; Budiono; K.C. Pavani; G. Opsomer; A. Van Soom; O. Bogado Pascottini. Effect of lycopene supplementation to bovine oocytes exposed to heat shock during in vitro maturation. Theriogenology 2021, 173, 48 -55.

AMA Style

G. Residiwati, N. Azari-Dolatabad, H.S.A. Tuska, S. Sidi, P. Van Damme, C. Benedetti, A.F. Montoro, N.L. Luceno, Budiono, K.C. Pavani, G. Opsomer, A. Van Soom, O. Bogado Pascottini. Effect of lycopene supplementation to bovine oocytes exposed to heat shock during in vitro maturation. Theriogenology. 2021; 173 ():48-55.

Chicago/Turabian Style

G. Residiwati; N. Azari-Dolatabad; H.S.A. Tuska; S. Sidi; P. Van Damme; C. Benedetti; A.F. Montoro; N.L. Luceno; Budiono; K.C. Pavani; G. Opsomer; A. Van Soom; O. Bogado Pascottini. 2021. "Effect of lycopene supplementation to bovine oocytes exposed to heat shock during in vitro maturation." Theriogenology 173, no. : 48-55.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2021 in Journal of Dairy Science
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Overconditioning is a risk factor for upregulated pre- and postpartum fat mobilization. Therefore, we hypothesized that overconditioning at the end of pregnancy leads to the accumulation of lipids in the liver and modifications of the hepatic gene expression pattern. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of normal- versus overconditioning on the hepatic transcriptomic profile of dairy cows at the end of pregnancy. Ten dry multiparous Holstein cows were killed 2 wk before expected calving. Body condition score (BCS) and backfat thickness (BFT) were evaluated, and blood samples for nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) were taken before cows were killed. After cows were killed, liver biopsy samples were collected for further assessment of total lipids and RNA sequencing. Five cows were classified as normal-conditioned (median BCS = 3, range 2.75-3.5) and 5 as overconditioned (median BCS = 4, range 4-5). Regression models confirmed that normal-conditioned cows had lower BFT (1.29 ± 0.29 cm; least squares means ± standard error) and serum NEFA (0.16 ± 0.04 mmol/L) in comparison to overconditioned cows (3.14 ± 0.43 cm and 0.38 ± 0.07 mmol/L for BFT and NEFA, respectively). Total liver lipid percentage tended to be lower in normal- versus overconditioned cows (4.63 ± 0.40% and 6.06 ± 0.44%, respectively). In comparison to the mean liver lipid percentage of the normal- and overconditioned cows, 1 overconditioned cow had a relatively low (5.21%) and 1 normal-conditioned cow had a relatively high (6.07%) liver lipid percentage. Differentially expressed genes analysis (edgeR quasi-likelihood method) showed that normal-conditioned cows presented 11 upregulated and 12 downregulated genes in comparison to overconditioned cows. Linear discriminant analysis effects size revealed 133 differentially expressed genes between normal- versus overconditioned cows. Notably, the liver of normal-conditioned cows had upregulated genes associated with liver functionality (ALB, SELENOP, IGF1, and IGF2). On the other hand, overconditioned cows had upregulated genes associated with the acute-phase response (C3, HPX, and, LBP). High basal lipolysis in overconditioned cows at the end of pregnancy increased liver lipid content, and this may alter the hepatic gene expression pattern to a pro-inflammatory state.

ACS Style

O. Bogado Pascottini; J. De Koster; F. Van Nieuwerburgh; M. Van Poucke; L. Peelman; V. Fievez; J.L.M.R. Leroy; G. Opsomer. Effect of overconditioning on the hepatic global gene expression pattern of dairy cows at the end of pregnancy. Journal of Dairy Science 2021, 104, 8152 -8163.

AMA Style

O. Bogado Pascottini, J. De Koster, F. Van Nieuwerburgh, M. Van Poucke, L. Peelman, V. Fievez, J.L.M.R. Leroy, G. Opsomer. Effect of overconditioning on the hepatic global gene expression pattern of dairy cows at the end of pregnancy. Journal of Dairy Science. 2021; 104 (7):8152-8163.

Chicago/Turabian Style

O. Bogado Pascottini; J. De Koster; F. Van Nieuwerburgh; M. Van Poucke; L. Peelman; V. Fievez; J.L.M.R. Leroy; G. Opsomer. 2021. "Effect of overconditioning on the hepatic global gene expression pattern of dairy cows at the end of pregnancy." Journal of Dairy Science 104, no. 7: 8152-8163.

Journal article
Published: 25 April 2021 in Preventive Veterinary Medicine
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Abortion and perinatal mortality, leading causes of economic loss in cattle industry, are the consequence of both non-infectious and a wide range of infectious causes. However, the relative contribution of pathogens to bovine abortion and perinatal mortality is poorly documented, since available studies involved only a limited number of pathogens. Therefore, the objectives of the present monitoring study were to determine the prevalence of infectious agents associated with bovine abortion and perinatal mortality, and to identify differences in production type, gestation length, parity and seasonality by using mixed effect models (logistic regression). A pre-established sampling protocol based on the collection of the aborted fetus/calf and a corresponding maternal blood sample, involving diagnostic testing for 10 pathogens, was performed. At least one potential causal agent of the abortion or perinatal mortality was detected in 39 % of cases. In these diagnosed cases, Neospora caninum was the most detected pathogen, followed by Trueperella pyogenes, BVDv, Escherichia coli, and Aspergillus fumigatus. Neospora caninum [odds ratio (OR): 0.4; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.3–0.7] and Aspergillus fumigatus (OR: 0.1; 95 % CI: 0.1–0.3) were detected less in late versus early gestation. Aspergillus fumigatus was less common in dairy in comparison to beef abortion cases (OR: 0.2; 95 % CI: 0.1–0.6). Winter was associated with a lower positivity for Neospora caninum and BVDv in comparison to warmer seasons. Despite extensive diagnostic testing, an etiological diagnosis was not reached in 61 % of cases, highlighting the need for even more extensive (non-)infectious disease testing or more accurate tests.

ACS Style

H. Van Loo; O. Bogado Pascottini; S. Ribbens; J. Hooyberghs; B. Pardon; G. Opsomer. Retrospective study of factors associated with bovine infectious abortion and perinatal mortality. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 2021, 191, 105366 .

AMA Style

H. Van Loo, O. Bogado Pascottini, S. Ribbens, J. Hooyberghs, B. Pardon, G. Opsomer. Retrospective study of factors associated with bovine infectious abortion and perinatal mortality. Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 2021; 191 ():105366.

Chicago/Turabian Style

H. Van Loo; O. Bogado Pascottini; S. Ribbens; J. Hooyberghs; B. Pardon; G. Opsomer. 2021. "Retrospective study of factors associated with bovine infectious abortion and perinatal mortality." Preventive Veterinary Medicine 191, no. : 105366.

Journal article
Published: 10 April 2021 in Animals
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Postpartum dairy cows experience impaired peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) functionality, which has been associated with reproductive tract inflammatory diseases. However, it has not been elucidated yet whether endometrial PMN functionality is (equally) impaired. We developed a method for endometrial PMN isolation and flow cytometric assessment of their viability and functionality. We also evaluated PMN immunolabeling, using a specific bovine granulocyte marker, CH138A. Blood and endometrial cytobrush samples were collected in duplicate from seventeen clinically healthy Holstein-Friesian cows between 9 and 37 days in milk. The proportion of viable, apoptotic, and necrotic PMN in endometrial samples roughly ranged from 10 to 80%, indicating highly dynamic endometrial PMN populations in the postpartum uteri. Endometrial PMN functionality testing revealed that PMN immunolabeling increased the accuracy, although this protocol might influence the median fluorescence intensity of the sample. Phagocytosis seemed the most stable and reliable endometrial PMN function and could be assessed satisfactorily without prior CH138A immunolabeling. However, the interpretation of oxidative burst and intracellular proteolysis tests remains challenging. The correlation between peripheral and endometrial PMN functionality was poor. Further research is warranted to unravel the role of uterine PMN viability and functionality in bovine uterine health.

ACS Style

Leen Lietaer; Kristel Demeyere; Stijn Heirbaut; Evelyne Meyer; Geert Opsomer; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini. Flow Cytometric Assessment of the Viability and Functionality of Uterine Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes in Postpartum Dairy Cows. Animals 2021, 11, 1081 .

AMA Style

Leen Lietaer, Kristel Demeyere, Stijn Heirbaut, Evelyne Meyer, Geert Opsomer, Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini. Flow Cytometric Assessment of the Viability and Functionality of Uterine Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes in Postpartum Dairy Cows. Animals. 2021; 11 (4):1081.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leen Lietaer; Kristel Demeyere; Stijn Heirbaut; Evelyne Meyer; Geert Opsomer; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini. 2021. "Flow Cytometric Assessment of the Viability and Functionality of Uterine Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes in Postpartum Dairy Cows." Animals 11, no. 4: 1081.

Journal article
Published: 27 March 2021 in Theriogenology
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Identification of factors associated with the quality and quantity of colostrum production has always been a major challenge in cattle industry. In purebred double-muscled Belgian Blue (BB) cows, parturition is mainly performed by elective caesarean section (CS; >90%). However, the CS itself may influence colostrum production characteristics. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of maternal and newborn calf factors and the duration of the procedure of CS on the quality and quantity of colostrum production in BB cows. The dataset includes 551 records of cow-calf pairs that were presented for an elective CS at the Ghent University veterinary clinic between 2017 and 2019. The quality (measured via a colostrum densimeter) and the quantity (measured via a standard volume scale) of colostrum were measured within 30 min after the end of the CS. Fixed effects were fitted in mixed linear regression models to test for their potential association with colostrum quality (specific gravity; SG) and quantity (liters), and generalized mixed-effects models were constructed to test the associations of fixed effects with the optimal colostrum production index (yes vs no) based on an adequate supply of both colostrum quality and quantity. The fixed effects tested were parity, the gender of the calf, birth weight, duration of CS (min), and season of birth. Our results show that parity (primiparity), duration of CS (longer CS), and calving season (summer) had a significantly negative impact on colostrum production. Concluding, both colostrum quality and quantity can be influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors (including duration of CS), which should be considered while feeding newborn calves delivered via CS.

ACS Style

Habib Syaiful Arif Tuska; Gretania Residiwati; Karel Verdru; Annelies Raes; Maya Meesters; Rani Six; Davide Santoro; Budiono; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Ann Van Soom; Geert Opsomer. The impact of elective caesarean section on colostrum characteristics in double-muscled Belgian Blue cows. Theriogenology 2021, 167, 120 -125.

AMA Style

Habib Syaiful Arif Tuska, Gretania Residiwati, Karel Verdru, Annelies Raes, Maya Meesters, Rani Six, Davide Santoro, Budiono, Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini, Ann Van Soom, Geert Opsomer. The impact of elective caesarean section on colostrum characteristics in double-muscled Belgian Blue cows. Theriogenology. 2021; 167 ():120-125.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Habib Syaiful Arif Tuska; Gretania Residiwati; Karel Verdru; Annelies Raes; Maya Meesters; Rani Six; Davide Santoro; Budiono; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Ann Van Soom; Geert Opsomer. 2021. "The impact of elective caesarean section on colostrum characteristics in double-muscled Belgian Blue cows." Theriogenology 167, no. : 120-125.

Journal article
Published: 25 February 2021 in Theriogenology
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We evaluated the effect of supplementation of different concentrations of bovine follicular fluid (FF) during in vitro maturation (IVM) on oocyte development and blastocyst quality in group and individual culture conditions. To do so, in vitro maturation medium (TCM-199 with 20 ng/mL epidermal growth factor and 50 μg/mL gentamycin) was supplemented with 0 (control), 1, 5, or 10% of FF. Follicular fluid was collected from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries, selecting follicles between 12 and 20 mm in diameter. Oocytes were either produced in groups or individually matured, fertilized, and cultured to the blastocyst stage, allowing for separate follow-up of each oocyte. Development (cleavage and blastocyst rates) among experimental groups were fitted in mixed-effects models, and blastocyst quality parameters (assessed via differential apoptotic staining) were evaluated in mixed linear regression models. We also assessed the cumulus expansion (prior and after maturation) for individual culture conditions, and their difference was fitted in mixed linear regression models. The FF was collected from two batches, with an estradiol/progesterone ratio higher than 1. The FF batch did not affect the development or blastocyst quality in group or individual culture conditions (P > 0.05). In group culture, development was similar among experimental groups (P > 0.05). Five or 10% of FF supplementation improved (P ˂ 0.05) aspects of blastocyst quality such as total cell numbers (TCN), trophectoderm (TE), inner cell mass (ICM), and ICM/TCN and apoptotic cells/TCN ratio in comparison to control. In the individual culture system, 5% FF supplementation increased (P ˂ 0.05) day 8 blastocyst rate (33 ± 3.4% (LSM ± SE)) in comparison to control (20 ± 2.7%) and 1% FF supplementation (19 ± 2.6%) but it was not different (P > 0.05) from 10% FF supplementation (28 ± 3.4%). Five percent of FF supplementation resulted in greater TCN, ICM, and ICM/TCN than control (P ˂ 0.05). It also resulted in a greater expansion of cumulus cell investment than the other groups (P ˂ 0.05), with a 3-fold increase compared to control. In conclusion, 5% of FF supplementation during IVM improved the cumulus expansion and the blastocyst development and quality in an individual culture system. However, FF supplementation during maturation in a group culture system did not increase development, but it modestly improved some embryo quality aspects when 5 or 10% of FF was added.

ACS Style

Nima Azari-Dolatabad; Annelies Raes; Krishna Chaitanya Pavani; Anise Asaadi; Daniel Angel-Velez; Petra Van Damme; Jo L.M.R. Leroy; Ann Van Soom; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini. Follicular fluid during individual oocyte maturation enhances cumulus expansion and improves embryo development and quality in a dose-specific manner. Theriogenology 2021, 166, 38 -45.

AMA Style

Nima Azari-Dolatabad, Annelies Raes, Krishna Chaitanya Pavani, Anise Asaadi, Daniel Angel-Velez, Petra Van Damme, Jo L.M.R. Leroy, Ann Van Soom, Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini. Follicular fluid during individual oocyte maturation enhances cumulus expansion and improves embryo development and quality in a dose-specific manner. Theriogenology. 2021; 166 ():38-45.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nima Azari-Dolatabad; Annelies Raes; Krishna Chaitanya Pavani; Anise Asaadi; Daniel Angel-Velez; Petra Van Damme; Jo L.M.R. Leroy; Ann Van Soom; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini. 2021. "Follicular fluid during individual oocyte maturation enhances cumulus expansion and improves embryo development and quality in a dose-specific manner." Theriogenology 166, no. : 38-45.

Research article
Published: 19 February 2021 in PLOS ONE
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This study evaluated the effects of treatment with meloxicam (a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug), parity, and blood progesterone concentration on the dynamics of the uterine microbiota of 16 clinically healthy postpartum dairy cows. Seven primiparous and 9 multiparous postpartum Holstein cows either received meloxicam (0.5 mg/kg SC, n = 7 cows) once daily for 4 days (10 to 13 days in milk (DIM)) or were untreated (n = 9 cows). Endometrial cytology samples were collected by cytobrush at 10, 21, and 35 DIM, from which the microbiota analysis was conducted using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. A radioimmunoassay was used to measure progesterone concentration in blood serum samples at 35 DIM and cows were classified as ˃ 1 ng/mL (n = 10) or ≤ 1 ng/mL (n = 6). Alpha diversity for bacterial genera (Chao1, Shannon-Weiner, and Camargo’s evenness indices) were not affected by DIM, meloxicam treatment, parity, or progesterone category. For beta diversity (genera level), principal coordinate analysis (Bray-Curtis) showed differences in microbiota between parity groups. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria was greater in primiparous than multiparous cows. At the genus level, there was lesser relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Neisseriaceae, Paracoccus, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus and greater relative abundance of Bacillus and Fusobacterium in primiparous than multiparous cows. Bray-Curtis dissimilarity did not differ by DIM at sampling, meloxicam treatment, or progesterone category at 35 DIM. In conclusion, uterine bacterial composition was not different at 10, 21, or 35 DIM, and meloxicam treatment or progesterone category did not affect the uterine microbiota in clinically healthy postpartum dairy cows. Primiparous cows presented a different composition of uterine bacteria than multiparous cows. The differences in microbiota associated with parity might be attributable to changes that occur consequent to the first calving, but this hypothesis should be investigated further.

ACS Style

O. Bogado Pascottini; J. F. W. Spricigo; S. J. Van Schyndel; B. Mion; J. Rousseau; J. S. Weese; S. J. LeBlanc. Effects of parity, blood progesterone, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory treatment on the dynamics of the uterine microbiota of healthy postpartum dairy cows. PLOS ONE 2021, 16, e0233943 .

AMA Style

O. Bogado Pascottini, J. F. W. Spricigo, S. J. Van Schyndel, B. Mion, J. Rousseau, J. S. Weese, S. J. LeBlanc. Effects of parity, blood progesterone, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory treatment on the dynamics of the uterine microbiota of healthy postpartum dairy cows. PLOS ONE. 2021; 16 (2):e0233943.

Chicago/Turabian Style

O. Bogado Pascottini; J. F. W. Spricigo; S. J. Van Schyndel; B. Mion; J. Rousseau; J. S. Weese; S. J. LeBlanc. 2021. "Effects of parity, blood progesterone, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory treatment on the dynamics of the uterine microbiota of healthy postpartum dairy cows." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2: e0233943.

Journal article
Published: 08 January 2021 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been isolated from follicular (FF) and ampullary oviduct fluid (AOF), using different isolation methods. However, it is not clear whether different purification methods can affect the functionality of resulting EVs. Here, we compared two methods (OptiPrep™ density gradient ultracentrifugation (ODG UC) and single-step size exclusion chromatography (SEC) (qEV IZON™ single column)) for the isolation of EVs from bovine FF and AOF. Additionally, we evaluated whether the addition of EVs derived either by ODG UC or SEC from FF or AOF during oocyte maturation would yield extra benefits for embryo developmental competence. The characterization of EVs isolated using ODG UC or SEC from FF and AOF did not show any differences in terms of EV sizes (40–400 nm) and concentrations (2.4 ± 0.2 × 1012−1.8 ± 0.2 × 1013 particles/mL). Blastocyst yield and quality was higher in groups supplemented with EVs isolated from FF and AOF by ODG UC, with higher total cell numbers and a lower apoptotic cell ratio compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). Supplementing in vitro maturation media with EVs derived by ODG UC from AOF was beneficial for bovine embryo development and quality.

ACS Style

Anise Asaadi; Nima Azari Dolatabad; Hadi Atashi; Annelies Raes; Petra Van Damme; Michael Hoelker; An Hendrix; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Ann Van Soom; Mojtaba Kafi; Krishna Chaitanya Pavani. Extracellular Vesicles from Follicular and Ampullary Fluid Isolated by Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation Improve Bovine Embryo Development and Quality. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 578 .

AMA Style

Anise Asaadi, Nima Azari Dolatabad, Hadi Atashi, Annelies Raes, Petra Van Damme, Michael Hoelker, An Hendrix, Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini, Ann Van Soom, Mojtaba Kafi, Krishna Chaitanya Pavani. Extracellular Vesicles from Follicular and Ampullary Fluid Isolated by Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation Improve Bovine Embryo Development and Quality. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (2):578.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anise Asaadi; Nima Azari Dolatabad; Hadi Atashi; Annelies Raes; Petra Van Damme; Michael Hoelker; An Hendrix; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Ann Van Soom; Mojtaba Kafi; Krishna Chaitanya Pavani. 2021. "Extracellular Vesicles from Follicular and Ampullary Fluid Isolated by Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation Improve Bovine Embryo Development and Quality." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 2: 578.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2020 in Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the associations of serum markers for systemic inflammation, liver, mineral, and energy status, and blood neutrophil counts with the function of circulating neutrophils in postpartum dairy cows. Blood samples were collected from 21 healthy Holstein cows at 5, 10, 14, and 21 d postpartum. Serum samples were used to measure concentrations of total calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, total protein, albumin, globulin, cholesterol, urea, glucose, gamma-glutamyl transferase, aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, haptoglobin (Hp), β-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), and insulin-like growth factor-1. The shift of percentage of activated neutrophils for phagocytosis (PPC) and oxidative burst (POB) and the median fluorescence intensity (MFI) for PC (MFIPC), OB (MFIOB), and endocytic and proteolytic degradation measured via DQ-ovalbumin (MFIDQ) were evaluated using flow cytometry. Mixed linear regression models were used to assess the associations of serum concentrations of metabolites and blood neutrophil counts with each neutrophil function assay outcome accounting for d postpartum, parity, and body condition score. Pearson correlation tests (r) were used to describe the relationships of metabolites and neutrophil counts with neutrophil function assays that were significant in the regression models. Greater serum concentrations of Hp were associated with lesser OB function (POB and MFIOB; r = −0.2 for both), but greater PPC and MFIDQ (r = 0.3 for both). Greater serum NEFA and cholesterol were associated with lesser (r = −0.3) and greater (r = 0.2) POB function, respectively. Blood neutrophil counts were associated with PPC (r = −0.2) and MFIDQ (r = −0.3). At 5 d postpartum, greater serum total protein was associated with greater OB function (POB and MFIOB; r = 0.4 for both). Other markers were not associated with neutrophil function. Some metabolic and inflammatory markers in healthy postpartum dairy cows were associated with circulating neutrophil function. However, these associations only explained a small proportion of the variance in neutrophil function. Serum Hp concentration was most associated with neutrophil function changes but had opposite directions of association with OB- and PC-related functions. Future studies should focus on understanding the mechanisms by which Hp and other metabolic indicators affect neutrophil function in healthy and diseased postpartum dairy cows.

ACS Style

O. Bogado Pascottini; T.C. Bruinjé; R. Couto Serrenho; B. Mion; S.J. LeBlanc. Association of metabolic markers with neutrophil function in healthy postpartum dairy cows. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 2020, 232, 110182 .

AMA Style

O. Bogado Pascottini, T.C. Bruinjé, R. Couto Serrenho, B. Mion, S.J. LeBlanc. Association of metabolic markers with neutrophil function in healthy postpartum dairy cows. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology. 2020; 232 ():110182.

Chicago/Turabian Style

O. Bogado Pascottini; T.C. Bruinjé; R. Couto Serrenho; B. Mion; S.J. LeBlanc. 2020. "Association of metabolic markers with neutrophil function in healthy postpartum dairy cows." Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 232, no. : 110182.

Review
Published: 14 August 2020 in Animals
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All modern, high-yielding dairy cows experience a certain degree of reduced insulin sensitivity, negative energy balance, and systemic inflammation during the transition period. Maladaptation to these changes may result in excessive fat mobilization, dysregulation of inflammation, immunosuppression, and, ultimately, metabolic or infectious disease in the postpartum period. Up to half of the clinical diseases in the lifespan of high-yielding dairy cows occur within 3 weeks of calving. Thus, the vast majority of prospective studies on transition dairy cows are focused on the postpartum period. However, predisposition to clinical disease and key (patho)physiological events such as a spontaneous reduction in feed intake, insulin resistance, fat mobilization, and systemic inflammation already occur in the prepartum period. This review focuses on metabolic, adaptive events occurring from drying off until calving in high-yielding cows and discusses determinants that may trigger (mal)adaptation to these events in the late prepartum period.

ACS Style

Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Jo L. M. R. Leroy; Geert Opsomer. Metabolic Stress in the Transition Period of Dairy Cows: Focusing on the Prepartum Period. Animals 2020, 10, 1419 .

AMA Style

Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini, Jo L. M. R. Leroy, Geert Opsomer. Metabolic Stress in the Transition Period of Dairy Cows: Focusing on the Prepartum Period. Animals. 2020; 10 (8):1419.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Jo L. M. R. Leroy; Geert Opsomer. 2020. "Metabolic Stress in the Transition Period of Dairy Cows: Focusing on the Prepartum Period." Animals 10, no. 8: 1419.

Journal article
Published: 11 August 2020 in Animal Reproduction Science
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The increased exportation of semen and embryos of double-muscled beef breeds to tropical and developing countries makes it important to investigate the reproductive capacity of these breeds in adapting to tropical conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of Belgian Blue semen collected after there is heat-stress (HS; as a mimic of tropical condition) compared with non-heat stressed (NHS; as their comfort zone), using practical spermatozoa staining methods such that prevail in developing countries. There was screening of semen kinetics using CASA and evaluation of their DNA-, acrosome, plasma membrane-integrity, and mitochondrial activity. For each staining technique, there was evaluation of 12 frozen-thawed semen samples from six Belgian Blue bulls collected after there were HS and NHS conditions in Belgium. Mixed linear regression models were used to assess the effects of HS for each CASA variable and staining method outcome using the replicate nested with bull as a random effect. There were differences (P < 0.05) in values when there were semen collections following HS and NHS conditions for several post-thawing kinetic variables. Furthermore, the mean percentages of DNA-, acrosome-, and plasma membrane-integrity, as well as mitochondrial activity were greater (P < 0.05) when semen was collected following NHS compared with HS conditions. Conclusively, results indicated that when there was collection of semen following HS conditions, there were detrimental effects on the viability and quality of Belgian Blue semen which is an important consideration for the semen collection, processing, and evaluation in tropical countries.

ACS Style

Gretania Residiwati; Habib S.A. Tuska; Budiono; Giulia K.V. Kawai; Afshin Seifi-Jamadi; Davide Santoro; Bart Leemans; Christophe Boccart; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Geert Opsomer; Ann Van Soom. Practical methods to assess the effects of heat stress on the quality of frozen-thawed Belgian Blue semen in field conditions. Animal Reproduction Science 2020, 221, 106572 .

AMA Style

Gretania Residiwati, Habib S.A. Tuska, Budiono, Giulia K.V. Kawai, Afshin Seifi-Jamadi, Davide Santoro, Bart Leemans, Christophe Boccart, Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini, Geert Opsomer, Ann Van Soom. Practical methods to assess the effects of heat stress on the quality of frozen-thawed Belgian Blue semen in field conditions. Animal Reproduction Science. 2020; 221 ():106572.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gretania Residiwati; Habib S.A. Tuska; Budiono; Giulia K.V. Kawai; Afshin Seifi-Jamadi; Davide Santoro; Bart Leemans; Christophe Boccart; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Geert Opsomer; Ann Van Soom. 2020. "Practical methods to assess the effects of heat stress on the quality of frozen-thawed Belgian Blue semen in field conditions." Animal Reproduction Science 221, no. : 106572.

Journal article
Published: 30 July 2020 in Reproductive Biology
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Nowadays, several developing countries have started to breed double-muscled cattle to their autochthonous cattle to improve meat production. However, the developmental competence of the resultant crossbreeding embryos is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of crossbreeding double-muscled (Belgian Blue; BB) semen with beef (Limousin; LIM) and dairy (Holstein-Friesian; HF) derived oocytes on embryo development and quality, using purebred BB as a control (BB oocytes fertilized by BB sperm). A single ejaculate of a BB bull was evaluated by Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis before using for in vitro fertilization. Ovaries from each breed were collected at the local slaughterhouse (n = 1,720 oocytes). All statistical analyses were performed using R-core (P < 0.05). Embryo quality was evaluated via differential-apoptotic staining of day 8 blastocysts. Cleavage (48 h post insemination) and day 8 blastocyst rates were greater (P < 0.05) for LIM (82.9 ± 6 and 27 ± 4.3%, respectively) than for BB (69.8 ± 8.5 and 19.6 ± 3.1%, respectively) and HF (45.1 ± 10 and 12.3 ± 2.2%, respectively). Holstein-Friesian presented lower cleavage and day 8 blastocyst rates than BB (P < 0.05). Limousin blastocysts presented a higher number (P < 0.05) of inner cell mass cells (ICM; 68 ± 7.8) than HF (40.4 ± 8.2). In conclusion, crossbreeding double-muscled cattle by in vitro fertilization with LIM oocytes yielded better embryo compared with the purebred combination, while the combination with HF oocytes produced the lowest rate of blastocysts.

ACS Style

Gretania Residiwati; Habib S.A. Tuska; Nima-Azari Dolatabad; Shehu Sidi; Petra Van Damme; Krishna C. Pavani; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Geert Opsomer; Ann Van Soom. Crossbreeding effect of double-muscled cattle on in vitro embryo development and quality. Reproductive Biology 2020, 20, 288 -292.

AMA Style

Gretania Residiwati, Habib S.A. Tuska, Nima-Azari Dolatabad, Shehu Sidi, Petra Van Damme, Krishna C. Pavani, Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini, Geert Opsomer, Ann Van Soom. Crossbreeding effect of double-muscled cattle on in vitro embryo development and quality. Reproductive Biology. 2020; 20 (3):288-292.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gretania Residiwati; Habib S.A. Tuska; Nima-Azari Dolatabad; Shehu Sidi; Petra Van Damme; Krishna C. Pavani; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Geert Opsomer; Ann Van Soom. 2020. "Crossbreeding effect of double-muscled cattle on in vitro embryo development and quality." Reproductive Biology 20, no. 3: 288-292.

Journal article
Published: 23 July 2020 in Scientific Reports
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Our objectives were to describe and compare the uterine bacterial composition of postpartum Holstein cows diagnosed as healthy (n = 8), subclinical endometritis (SCE; n = 8), or clinical endometritis (CE; n = 5) in the fifth week postpartum. We did metagenomic analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences from endometrial cytobrush samples at 10, 21, and 35 days in milk (DIM), and endometrial bacterial culture at 35 DIM. Uterine bacterial composition in healthy, SCE, and CE was stable at 10, 21, and 35 DIM. Alpha and beta diversities showed a different uterine microbiome from CE compared to healthy or SCE, but no differences were found between healthy and SCE cows. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria, and at genera level, of Trueperella was greater in CE than healthy or SCE cows. Trueperella pyogenes was the predominant bacteria cultured in cows with CE, and a wide variety of bacterial growth was found in healthy and SCE cows. Bacteria that grew in culture were represented within the most abundant bacterial genera based on metagenomic sequencing. The uterine microbiota was similar between SCE and healthy, but the microbiome in cows with CE had a loss of bacterial diversity.

ACS Style

O. Bogado Pascottini; S. J. Van Schyndel; J. F. W . Spricigo; J. Rousseau; J. S. Weese; S. J. Leblanc. Dynamics of uterine microbiota in postpartum dairy cows with clinical or subclinical endometritis. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 1 -11.

AMA Style

O. Bogado Pascottini, S. J. Van Schyndel, J. F. W . Spricigo, J. Rousseau, J. S. Weese, S. J. Leblanc. Dynamics of uterine microbiota in postpartum dairy cows with clinical or subclinical endometritis. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

O. Bogado Pascottini; S. J. Van Schyndel; J. F. W . Spricigo; J. Rousseau; J. S. Weese; S. J. Leblanc. 2020. "Dynamics of uterine microbiota in postpartum dairy cows with clinical or subclinical endometritis." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 1-11.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2020 in Journal of Dairy Science
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Our objectives were to assess the effects of a diet with a negative dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) before calving on phagocytosis (Pc) and oxidative burst (OB) function of circulating neutrophils, and to determine the associations of serum ionized (iCa) and total calcium (tCa) concentrations with Pc and OB in transition dairy cows. We hypothesized that multiparous cows fed a negative DCAD diet prepartum would have greater iCa and tCa, and thus improved Pc and OB. From 3 wk before expected parturition until calving, 38 healthy multiparous cows from 3 farms were assigned to negative DCAD treatment (TRT; -100 mEq/kg of diet dry matter; n = 21) or a control (CON; 95 mEq/kg of dry matter; n = 17) diet. Each farm was on one treatment or the other at a time, but all farms contributed cows to both groups. Urine pH was measured weekly and in TRT was 6.1 ± 0.8 with 80% of 50 samples <7 and 74% ≤ 6.5. Phagocytosis, OB, iCa, and tCa were measured at d -7, 1, and 4 relative to calving. Median fluorescence intensity for Pc (MFIP) and OB (MFIOB), and the shift of percentage of cells active for Pc (PPc) and OB (POB) were measured in isolated, stimulated neutrophils via flow cytometry. Outcomes were assessed with mixed linear regression models accounting for repeated measures. There were no differences between treatments in the 4 neutrophil function outcomes. Although MFIOB varied over time, there were no interactions of treatment with time for any outcome. Serum ionized and tCa did not differ between TRT and CON. The least squares means ± standard deviation for iCa were: d -7, 1.23 ± 0.12 vs. 1.21 ± 0.12; d 1, 1.07 ± 0.12 vs. 1.02 ± 0.12; d 4, 1.16 ± 0.12 vs. 1.17 ± 0.12 mmol/L for TRT and CON, respectively; and for tCa: d -7 2.39 ± 0.25 vs 2.44 ± 0.31; d 1, 2.01 ± 0.25 vs 1.97 ± 0.31; d 4, 2.33 ± 0.25 vs 2.32 ± 0.31 mmol/L, respectively. The proportion of blood samples with tCa <2.15mmol/L at d -7, 1 and 4 was 5, 76, and 13%, respectively, with no differences between TRT and CON. Correlations of iCa or tCa with each of the 4 polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) function outcomes were weak (r < |0.3|). We did not observe the hypothesized differences in aspects of innate immunity in clinically healthy multiparous cows fed a negative DCAD. We underline that cows that experienced clinical disease were excluded from this study, which is important for interpretation of the results.

ACS Style

Rita Couto Serrenho; Emma I. Morrison; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Trevor J. DeVries; Todd F. Duffield; Stephen J. LeBlanc. The effect of prepartum negative dietary cation-anion difference and serum calcium concentration on blood neutrophil function in the transition period of healthy dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 2020, 103, 6200 -6208.

AMA Style

Rita Couto Serrenho, Emma I. Morrison, Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini, Trevor J. DeVries, Todd F. Duffield, Stephen J. LeBlanc. The effect of prepartum negative dietary cation-anion difference and serum calcium concentration on blood neutrophil function in the transition period of healthy dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 2020; 103 (7):6200-6208.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rita Couto Serrenho; Emma I. Morrison; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Trevor J. DeVries; Todd F. Duffield; Stephen J. LeBlanc. 2020. "The effect of prepartum negative dietary cation-anion difference and serum calcium concentration on blood neutrophil function in the transition period of healthy dairy cows." Journal of Dairy Science 103, no. 7: 6200-6208.

Journal article
Published: 08 June 2020 in Theriogenology
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This study compares serum markers for systemic inflammation, and liver, mineral, and energy status in samples obtained −7, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 ± 1, 21 ± 1, and 35 d relative to calving from healthy dairy cows and those diagnosed with purulent vaginal discharge (PVD) or subclinical endometritis (SCE). Metabolites and markers measured in serum were total calcium, total protein, albumin, globulin, cholesterol, urea, glucose, gamma-glutamyl transferase, aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), haptoglobin (Hp), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Holstein cows with no recorded clinical disease were classified healthy (neither PVD nor SCE; n = 38), PVD (n = 10) or SCE (n = 10) at 35 d postpartum. The cut-point for PVD was mucopurulent vaginal discharge or worse, measured with Metricheck, and for SCE > 5% endometrial polymorphonuclear cells (PMN). Purulent vaginal discharge and SCE were mutually exclusive categories. The association of each serum marker with reproductive tract health classification was fitted in mixed linear regression models, accounting for repeated measures, sampling day, parity, BCS, and interactions of reproductive tract status and day. Serum Hp concentrations were greater at 3, 5, 7, and 14 ± 1 d postpartum for SCE and at 7 and 35 d postpartum for PVD than in healthy cows. Albumin concentrations were lesser for PVD than healthy at 14 ± 1 d postpartum and lesser for SCE than healthy at 35 d postpartum. The week before calving, SCE had lesser total calcium than healthy cows, and at 7 and 14 ± 1 d postpartum PVD had lesser total calcium than healthy cows. At 14 ± 1 d postpartum, serum NEFA, BHB, and globulin were greater, and IGF-1 lower for SCE than PVD or healthy cows. For all other metabolites, no differences were found. Before diagnosis, PVD or SCE had more indication of postpartum systemic inflammation (high Hp and low albumin) than healthy cows, and markers of energy status were more compromised in SCE than in PVD or healthy cows. This supports the hypothesis that SCE is associated with maladaptation to postpartum metabolic demands and with metabolic inflammation.

ACS Style

O. Bogado Pascottini; S.J. LeBlanc. Metabolic markers for purulent vaginal discharge and subclinical endometritis in dairy cows. Theriogenology 2020, 155, 43 -48.

AMA Style

O. Bogado Pascottini, S.J. LeBlanc. Metabolic markers for purulent vaginal discharge and subclinical endometritis in dairy cows. Theriogenology. 2020; 155 ():43-48.

Chicago/Turabian Style

O. Bogado Pascottini; S.J. LeBlanc. 2020. "Metabolic markers for purulent vaginal discharge and subclinical endometritis in dairy cows." Theriogenology 155, no. : 43-48.

Preprint content
Published: 18 May 2020
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This study evaluated the effects of treatment with meloxicam (a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug), parity, and blood progesterone concentration on the dynamics of the uterine microbiome of clinically healthy postpartum dairy cows. Seven primiparous and 9 multiparous postpartum Holstein cows received meloxicam (0.5 mg/kg SC, n = 7 cows) once daily for 4 days (10 to 13 days in milk (DIM)) or were untreated (n = 9 cows). Endometrial cytology samples were collected by cytobrush at 10, 21, and 35 DIM, from which the metagenomic analysis was done using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. A radioimmunoassay was used to measure progesterone concentration in blood serum samples at 35 DIM and cows were classified as > 1 ng/mL (n = 10) or ≤ 1 ng/mL (n = 6). Alpha diversity for bacterial genera (Chao1, Shannon-Weiner, and Camargo’s evenness indices) were not affected by DIM, meloxicam treatment, parity, or progesterone category (P > 0.2). For beta diversity (genera level), principal coordinate analysis (Bray-Curtis) showed differences in microbiome between parity groups (P = 0.01). There was lower overall abundance of Anaerococcus, Bifidobacterium, Corynebacterium, Lactobacillus, Paracoccus, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus and higher abundance of Bacillus, Fusobacterium, and Novosphingobium in primiparous than multiparous cows (P < 0.05); these patterns were consistent across sampling days. Bray-Curtis dissimilarity did not differ by DIM at sampling, meloxicam treatment, or progesterone category at 35 DIM (P > 0.5). In conclusion, uterine bacterial composition was not different at 10, 21, or 35 DIM, and meloxicam treatment or progesterone category did not affect uterine microbiota in clinically healthy postpartum dairy cows. Primiparous cows presented a different composition of uterine bacteria than multiparous cows. The differences in microbiome associated with parity might be attributable to changes that occur consequent to the first calving, but this hypothesis should be investigated further.

ACS Style

Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; J. F. W. Spricigo; S. J. Van Schyndel; Bruna Mion; J. Rousseau; J. S. Weese; S. J. LeBlanc. Effects of parity, blood progesterone, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory treatment on the dynamics of the uterine microbiota of healthy postpartum dairy cows. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini, J. F. W. Spricigo, S. J. Van Schyndel, Bruna Mion, J. Rousseau, J. S. Weese, S. J. LeBlanc. Effects of parity, blood progesterone, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory treatment on the dynamics of the uterine microbiota of healthy postpartum dairy cows. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; J. F. W. Spricigo; S. J. Van Schyndel; Bruna Mion; J. Rousseau; J. S. Weese; S. J. LeBlanc. 2020. "Effects of parity, blood progesterone, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory treatment on the dynamics of the uterine microbiota of healthy postpartum dairy cows." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 23 March 2020 in Scientific Reports
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Systemic inflammation (SI) is increasingly studied in several species because it may be central in many metabolic disturbances and be a risk factor for clinical disease. This proof-of-concept study evaluated the effects of the anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam on markers of SI and energy metabolism, polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) function, and endometritis in clinically healthy postpartum dairy cows. Cows received meloxicam (0.5 mg/kg of body weight; n = 20) once daily for 4 days (10–13 days postpartum) or were untreated (n = 22). Blood samples were collected −7, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 18, 21, 28, and 35 days relative to calving to measure serum concentrations of metabolic and inflammatory markers. Function of peripheral blood PMN were evaluated at 5, 10, 14, and 21, and proportion of PMN in endometrial cytology were performed at 5, 10, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days postpartum. Meloxicam decreased serum haptoglobin from the second until the last day of treatment, and improved indicators of energy metabolism (lesser β-hydroxybutyrate and greater insulin-like growth factor-1 during treatment, and greater glucose at the end of treatment than control cows). This improved PMN function at 14 days postpartum, but the endometrial inflammatory status was not affected.

ACS Style

O. Bogado Pascottini; S. J. Van Schyndel; J. F. W. Spricigo; M. R. Carvalho; B. Mion; E. S. Ribeiro; Stephen LeBlanc. Effect of anti-inflammatory treatment on systemic inflammation, immune function, and endometrial health in postpartum dairy cows. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 1 -9.

AMA Style

O. Bogado Pascottini, S. J. Van Schyndel, J. F. W. Spricigo, M. R. Carvalho, B. Mion, E. S. Ribeiro, Stephen LeBlanc. Effect of anti-inflammatory treatment on systemic inflammation, immune function, and endometrial health in postpartum dairy cows. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

O. Bogado Pascottini; S. J. Van Schyndel; J. F. W. Spricigo; M. R. Carvalho; B. Mion; E. S. Ribeiro; Stephen LeBlanc. 2020. "Effect of anti-inflammatory treatment on systemic inflammation, immune function, and endometrial health in postpartum dairy cows." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 1-9.

Journal article
Published: 30 January 2020 in Preventive Veterinary Medicine
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This study aimed to evaluate the associations between transition cow conditions and diseases (TD) with fertility in Holstein cows, and to compare analytic methods for doing so. Kaplan-Meier, Cox proportional hazard, and decision tree models were used to analyze the associations of TD with the pregnancy risk at 120 and 210 DIM from a 1-year cohort with 1,946 calvings from one farm. The association between TD and fertility was evaluated as follows: 1) cows with TD whether complicated with another TD or not (TD-all), versus healthy cows, and 2) cows with uncomplicated TD (TD-single), versus cows with multiple TD (TD+; complicated cases), versus healthy cows. The occurrence of twins, milk fever, retained placenta, metritis, ketosis, displaced abomasum, and clinical mastitis were recorded. Using Kaplan-Meier models, in primiparous cows the 120 DIM pregnancy risk was 62% (95% CI: 57-67%) for healthy animals. This was not significantly different for TD-single (58%; 95% CI: 51-66%) but was reduced for TD+ (45%; 95% CI: 33-60%). Among healthy primiparous cows, 80% (95% CI: 75-84%) were pregnant by 210 DIM, but pregnancy risk at that time was reduced for primiparous cows with TD-single (72%; 95% CI: 65-79%) and TD+ (62%; 95% CI: 49-75%). In healthy multiparous cows, the 120 DIM pregnancy risk was 53% (95% CI: 49-56%), which was reduced for TD-single (36%; 95% CI: 31-42%) and TD+ (30%; 95% CI: 24-38%). The 210 DIM pregnancy risk for healthy multiparous cows was 70% (95% CI: 67-72%), being higher than the 210 DIM pregnancy risk for multiparous cows with TD-single (47%; 95% CI: 42-53%) or TD+ (46%; 95% CI: 38-54%). Cows with TD-all presented similar pregnancy risk estimates as for TD + . Cox proportional hazards regressions provided similar magnitudes of effects as the Kaplan-Meier estimates. Survival analysis and decision tree models identified parity as the most influential variable affecting fertility. Both modeling techniques concurred that TD + had a greater effect than TD-single on the probability of pregnancy at 120 and 210 DIM. Decision trees for individual TD identified that displaced abomasum affected fertility at 120 DIM in primiparous while metritis was the most influential TD at 120 and 210 DIM for multiparous cows. The data were too sparse to assess multiple interactions in multivariable Cox proportional hazard models for individual TD. Machine learning helped to explore interactions between individual TD to study their hierarchical effect on fertility, identifying conditional relationships that merit further investigation.

ACS Style

O. Bogado Pascottini; Monica Probo; Stephen LeBlanc; G. Opsomer; M. Hostens. Assessment of associations between transition diseases and reproductive performance of dairy cows using survival analysis and decision tree algorithms. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 2020, 176, 104908 .

AMA Style

O. Bogado Pascottini, Monica Probo, Stephen LeBlanc, G. Opsomer, M. Hostens. Assessment of associations between transition diseases and reproductive performance of dairy cows using survival analysis and decision tree algorithms. Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 2020; 176 ():104908.

Chicago/Turabian Style

O. Bogado Pascottini; Monica Probo; Stephen LeBlanc; G. Opsomer; M. Hostens. 2020. "Assessment of associations between transition diseases and reproductive performance of dairy cows using survival analysis and decision tree algorithms." Preventive Veterinary Medicine 176, no. : 104908.

Journal article
Published: 20 January 2020 in Theriogenology
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There is a high risk of clinical or subclinical reproductive tract disease in the postpartum period in dairy cows. An integrated process of adaptive events should occur synchronously, including a robust but well-regulated immune response in the uterus. Failure of this process may result in reproductive tract inflammatory disease. Up to half of postpartum dairy cows are affected by metritis, purulent vaginal discharge (PVD), or subclinical endometritis. After parturition there is damage to the birth canal, the superficial layer of the endometrium is naturally wounded, and essentially all dairy cows have bacterial contamination in the uterus. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of inflammatory cell and the main line of defence against infection in the uterus. A prompt influx of neutrophils is associated with uterine health. Avoidance of clinical disease (metritis and PVD) depends in large part on how effective the immune response is at limiting the burden and effects of bacterial pathogens, while the occurrence of subclinical endometritis is more a function of avoiding excessive or persistent inflammation. Glucose supply, hypocalcemia, lipid mobilization from body fat, ketosis, and the flux of pro-inflammatory cytokines influence immune response and change rapidly and variably among individual cows. Effective but well-regulated inflammatory response will be favoured by best management practices for transition cows, but specific interventions to modulate immune response to prevent uterine disease remain developmental.

ACS Style

Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Stephen J. LeBlanc. Modulation of immune function in the bovine uterus peripartum. Theriogenology 2020, 150, 193 -200.

AMA Style

Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini, Stephen J. LeBlanc. Modulation of immune function in the bovine uterus peripartum. Theriogenology. 2020; 150 ():193-200.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Stephen J. LeBlanc. 2020. "Modulation of immune function in the bovine uterus peripartum." Theriogenology 150, no. : 193-200.

Short communication
Published: 19 January 2020 in Cryobiology
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Effects of meiotic stage and cumulus status on development of equine oocytes after vitrification was evaluated. Immature oocytes with corona radiata (IMM); in vitro-matured oocytes with corona radiata (MAT CR+); and in vitro-matured oocytes denuded of cumulus (MAT CR-) were vitrified using the Cryotech® method. Warming medium was equilibrated either in 5% CO2 or Air. IMM oocytes underwent in vitro maturation after warming. Recovery, survival, and maturation rates, and cleavage and blastocyst rates after ICSI, were evaluated. Recovery was higher for oocytes warmed in CO2- than Air-equilibrated medium (86 ± 3 vs. 76.9 ± 4%, respectively). Maturation for all vitrified-warmed oocyte treatments (37 ± 6.5 to 45.9 ± 5.8%) was not different from control (50 ± 4.1%), except for MAT CR- CO2 (20.3 ± 4.6%). Cleavage for MAT CR- CO2 and Air groups was similar to control (67.7 ± 12.1, 71.4 ± 8.1, and 78 ± 5.3%, respectively). One blastocyst was produced (MAT CR + CO2), representing the first equine blastocyst reported after vitrification of an in vitro-matured oocyte.

ACS Style

Daniel Angel; Heloisa Siqueira Canesin; Joao Gatto Brom de Luna; Sergio Morado; Gabriel Dalvit; Diana Gomez; Natalia Posada; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Rodrigo Urrego; Katrin Hinrichs; Daniel Angel Velez. Embryo development after vitrification of immature and in vitro-matured equine oocytes. Cryobiology 2020, 92, 251 -254.

AMA Style

Daniel Angel, Heloisa Siqueira Canesin, Joao Gatto Brom de Luna, Sergio Morado, Gabriel Dalvit, Diana Gomez, Natalia Posada, Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini, Rodrigo Urrego, Katrin Hinrichs, Daniel Angel Velez. Embryo development after vitrification of immature and in vitro-matured equine oocytes. Cryobiology. 2020; 92 ():251-254.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Angel; Heloisa Siqueira Canesin; Joao Gatto Brom de Luna; Sergio Morado; Gabriel Dalvit; Diana Gomez; Natalia Posada; Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini; Rodrigo Urrego; Katrin Hinrichs; Daniel Angel Velez. 2020. "Embryo development after vitrification of immature and in vitro-matured equine oocytes." Cryobiology 92, no. : 251-254.