The mitochondrial genome of a small freshwater fish Rasbora argyrotaenia from Java Island, Indonesia, was completely sequenced. This mitochondrial genome had 16,740 bp in length and consisted of 37 genes in the typical vertebrate mitochondrial gene arrangement. Phylogenetic analysis showed that R. argyrotaenia is more closely related to R. borapetensis than to other Javanese rasboras, R. aprotaenia and R. lateristriata.

Astuti SS, Hariati AM, Kusuma WE, Yuniarti A, Kurniawan N, Wiadnya DGR. 2023. Anthropogenic introduction of the Spotted Barb, Barbodes binotatus across the Wallace Line in western Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1713-1722. Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes, 1842) is a native freshwater fish species in the western part of Indonesia, ranging from Sumatra, Borneo, Java, and Bali Islands to the east in the Wallacea region as far as Lombok and Sumbawa Islands. We reported the first record of its occurrence in other Wallacea regions, especially in the western part of Sulawesi Island. Thirty specimens were captured from the Salu Salibo and Lantora Rivers during the field survey. Morphological examinations and genetic confirmation by DNA barcoding approach provided accurate and reliable identification for B. binotatus. The DNA data suggested that the existence of B. binotatus in the western part of Sulawesi Island, across the Wallace Line, is due to human introduction. The human introduction of non-native species, such as B. binotatus, may cause a severe decline in native ichthyo-biodiversity in Sulawesi Island. We, therefore, suggest that further studies are important to mitigate the negative consequences of this supposedly introduced species on the island.

Developing a sustainable feed with minimal or no fishmeal in tilapia production is a challenge to this industry. New Technology Promoter Binder (NTPB), a guanidinoacetic acid, is a nutritional supplement to enhance the energy metabolism of the muscle and brain tissue of vertebrates. This study aimed to evaluate several plant-based diet formulations with zero and minimal use of fishmeal enriched with NTPB on the growth, feed efficiency, and health status of Tilapia sp. The experimental diets in this study were conducted based on four formulations (minimum fishmeal/FM and zero fishmeal/NFM-based diets) with 0, 0.6, and 1.2 g·kg⁻¹ feed of NTPB supplementation. The research indicated that the various diets given to tilapia affected the growth performance of fish in terms of growth parameters and feed efficiency. Tilapias fed with NTPB grew better than those without NTPB in both FM- and NFM-based diets. The addition of NTPB was safe for tilapia as demonstrated in the blood glucose, urea, and creatinine levels, which were normal for healthy fish. The viscerosomatic and hepatosomatic indexes of tilapia fed with the experimental diets showed no distinct differences. Adding NTPB to tilapia diets increased the hardness and amino acid contents of the tilapia’s muscle, which would benefit consumers.

The spiny eels (family Mastacembelidae) is a fish that naturally and widely distributed on Java Island, especially in the Brantas River of East Java. This fish has high economic value, as a source of protein for local people and has recently popular as an ornamental fish among hobbyists. To fulfill market needs, fishermen must catch the fish from nature, leading to a severe population decline. Basic scientific information regarding species identification and determining the phylogenetic position fish species including the spiny eels is very important in order to support aquaculture, domestication and maintain its sustainability in nature. Specimens of the spiny eels were collected from Brantas River basin, East Java, at two localities in Malang and Kediri. Mitochondrial DNA from the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I was then sequenced on several randomly selected specimens. Results of morphological and genetic analysis using BLASTn showed that the specimens under study could be confirmed as Macrognathus aculeatus. Phylogenetic analysis using the Bayesian Inference method showed that M. aculeatus in this study has the closest relative to M. arai from Bangladesh. The phylogenetic reconstruction showed that individuals of M. aculeatus from Malang and Kediri were clustered together with individuals from Mojokerto with very shallow molecular divergence, indicating that they possibly originated from the same population. The results of this study can be used as basic information to design effective management of domestication, aquaculture, and conservation in the future.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different phosphorus concentrations on growth, biomass, photosynthetic pigment, and lipid content of green microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa under nitrogen deficiency. Four types of media including control with sufficient nitrogen and...

Morphological variability-based truss morphometry analysis is often used to identify fish population, morphometric asymmetry, and evolutionary changes of fishes. This study aims to analyze the level of symmetry and asymmetry of Barbodes binotatus from several sampling areas in terms of geographic distribution variability in Indonesia, such as Java, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera, Kalimantan and Sulawesi. A total of 845 samples were collected from 28 sampling areas. Digital imaging and landmark points were analyzed using the tpsDig.2 program. The parameters including standard landmarks, truss morphometry and geometric-morphometric analysis were completed using SAGE software in order to identify the symmetry-asymmetry level of fishes from each location. Results showed a highly asymmetry level (P<0.0001) in procrustes ANOVA with three factors analyzed: Individual analysis, side identification, and interactions of individual and side. The asymmetry levels of B. binotatus were varied within areas, which recorded at 65.31% for Java Island, 50.16% for Nusa Tenggara, 67.12% for Bali, 67.12% for Sumatera, 30.15% for Kalimantan, and 30.17% for Sulawesi. The asymmetry level of B. binotatus in four major regions (Java, Nusa Tenggara, Bali, and Sumatra) was significantly higher (P0.0001). Further research with a genetic approach is needed to identify genetic populations and prove the existence of genetic factors that affect the level of asymmetry in individual body shape.