The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is a destructive wheat pest worldwide and an important alien species in China. Based on 258 distribution records and nine environmental factors of the Hessian fly, we predicted the potential distribution area in China under three current and future (2050s and 2070s) climate change scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5) via the optimized MaxEnt model. Under the current climate conditions, the suitable distribution areas of the Hessian fly in China were 25–48° N, 81–123° E, and the total highly suitable distribution area is approximately 9.63 × 10⁵ km², accounting for 9.99% of the total national area. The highly suitable areas are mainly located in northern Xinjiang and central and eastern China. With the rising global temperatures, except for the high-suitable areas under the RCP8.5 scenario, most potential geographic distribution areas would expand in the future. The minimum temperature in February (tmin-2), precipitation in March (prec-3), maximum temperature in November (tmax-11), and precipitation seasonality (bio-15) are important factors that affect the potential geographic distribution of the Hessian fly. This study provides an important reference and empirical basis for management of the Hessian fly in the future.

Elachiptera decipiens is cereal pest distributed in North America, Europe, and China. Its complete mitochondrial genome from Xinjiang, China was sequenced using next-generation sequencing technique. The 18,344 bp mitogenome contains 13 protein-coding gene sequences (PCGs), 22 tRNAs, and 2 rRNAs. Phylogenetic analysis based on 13 PCG sequences at family level and COI gene sequences at subfamily level. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that E. decipiens is closely related to E. insignis. The complete mitogenome of E. decipiens would help understand Chloropidae evolution and develop rapid identification methods based on mitochondrial genes.