Drilling waste has a significant effect on the water quality and the aquatic environment. Therefore, the harmless solidification treatment of drilling waste mud is important in terms of protecting the water environment. However, traditional chemical solidification methods have some problems, such as wide area, high cost, and secondary pollution. Therefore, the improvement of the mechanical performance on treating the drilling waste is important, as it can reduce and minimize the effect of drilling waste on the water environment. To this end, in this study, the industrial waste residue is used as the main component of the curing agent and a harmless curing scheme is designed. According to the orthogonal design method, an unconfined compressive strength test is carried out on the solidified soil of drilling waste mud. The strength, stress-strain relationship, and deformation modulus of the solidified soil are discussed according to the curing age, the number of freeze-thaw cycles, and the proportion of the solidifying agent. The test results show that the unconfined compressive strength of solidified soil samples under different proportions increases with the increase of the curing age and decreases with the increase of the freeze-thaw cycles. With the Increase of the curing age, the solidified soil gradually changes from plasticity to brittleness, and its deformation modulus E₅₀ also increases gradually.