Adolescent Physical Health is crucial for personal growth, family well-being, and the future of the nation, serving as an engine for healthier, sustainable social transformation. In recent years, the continuing decline in Adolescent Physical Health has become a global problem, with adolescents in various countries and regions facing different physical issues and challenges. The aim of this study is to explore the content structure, supply characteristics, and potential problems of current policies using a sample of Chinese Adolescent Physical Health policy documents in order to provide policy optimization recommendations for the promotion of Adolescent Physical Health, both in China and worldwide. Taking 33 Adolescent Physical Health policies enacted at the national level in China from 1979 to 2023 as a research sample, an analytical framework based on the three dimensions of policy tools, facilitating elements, and policy strength was constructed. Using the content analysis method, the policy texts were individually coded in order to analyze the content structure and supply characteristics of China’s Adolescent Physical Health policy, allowing research conclusions to be drawn and policy recommendations to be put forward. Through quantitative statistical analyses, we found that Chinese Adolescent Physical Health policies tend to use supply- and environment-side policy tools, while demand-side policy tools are less frequently used, leading to problems such as an over-reliance on supply-side policy tools and under-use of demand-side policy tools. Physical education teaching is dominant in the facilitating elements dimension, with an overall discrete distribution of characteristics. The types of policies are mainly notices, with a lack of strong normative documents such as laws, regulations, and statutes; therefore, the overall policy strength is weak. Accordingly, it is recommended that the top-level design of policy for Adolescent Physical Health promotion be continuously optimized in three key areas: enhancing the internal structure of policy instruments, improving the distribution of facilitating elements and policy tools, and strengthening the implementation of policies.

Restrictive dieters are those who expect to achieve body shape and weight control through dieting. However, they often have difficulty suppressing the desire to consume food when confronted with it. It has been shown that when high- and low-calorie foods are presented together, the attention of restrictive eaters is preferentially directed to high-calorie foods. However, whether attentional bias occurs when low-calorie foods are present alone and whether the allocation of attentional resources is consistent with that for high-calorie foods has yet to be explored. The present study focused on the effects of high-/low-calorie foods on attentional bias in restrictive dieters. Seventy-eight participants were recruited to participate in the experiment via the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) scale, which is administered in a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) task. The results revealed that failed restrictive dieters had the lowest percentage of correct answers at the lag2 level, indicating attentional bias. Failed restrictive dieters allocated more attentional resources to high-calorie foods than to low-calorie foods. Restrictive dieters showed no attentional bias when low-calorie foods were presented alone. The results suggest that low-calorie foods do not elicit an attentional bias in restrictive dieters and that the allocation of attentional resources is not consistent when compared to that for high-calorie foods.

Attentional blink (AB) is a phenomenon in which the perception of a second target is impaired when it appears within 200–500 ms after the first target. Sound affects an AB and is accompanied by the appearance of an asymmetry during audiovisual integration, but it is not known whether this is related to the tonal representation of sound. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of audiovisual asymmetry on attentional blink and whether the presentation of pitch improves the ability to detect a target during an AB that is accompanied by audiovisual asymmetry. The results showed that as the lag increased, the subject’s target recognition improved and the pitch produced further improvements. These improvements exhibited a significant asymmetry across the audiovisual channel. Our findings could contribute to better utilizations of audiovisual integration resources to improve attentional transients and auditory recognition decline, which could be useful in areas such as driving and education.

Multisensory integration is crucial for effective cognitive functioning, especially in complex tasks such as those requiring rapid audiovisual information processing. High-level martial arts routine athletes, trained in integrating visual and auditory cues for performance, may exhibit superior abilities in cross-audiovisual integration. This study aimed to explore whether these athletes demonstrate an expert advantage effect in audiovisual integration, particularly focusing on whether this advantage is due to enhanced automatic auditory processing. A total of 165 participants (81 male, 84 female) were included in three experiments. Experiment 1 (n = 63) used a cross-audiovisual Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) paradigm to compare the martial arts routine athlete group (n = 31) with a control group (n = 33) in tasks requiring target stimulus identification under audiovisual congruent and incongruent conditions. Experiment 2 (n = 52) manipulated the synchronicity of auditory stimuli to differentiate between audiovisual integration and auditory alerting effects. Experiment 3 (n = 50) combined surprise and post-surprise tests to investigate the role of automatic auditory processing in this expert advantage. Experiment 1 revealed that martial arts routine athletes outperformed the control group, especially in semantically incongruent conditions, with significantly higher accuracy at both lag3 (p < 0.001, 95% CI = [0.165, 0.275]) and lag8 (p < 0.001, 95% CI = [0.242, 0.435]). Experiment 2 found no significant difference between groups in response to the manipulation of auditory stimulus synchronicity, ruling out an alerting effect. In Experiment 3, martial arts routine athletes demonstrated better performance in reporting unexpected auditory stimuli during the surprise test, indicating enhanced automatic processing capacity. Additionally, a significant improvement in working memory re-selection was observed in the martial arts routine group. The expert advantage effect observed in martial arts routine athletes is attributable to enhanced cross-audiovisual integration, independent of an auditory alerting mechanism. Long-term training improves the efficiency of working memory re-selection and the ability to inhibit conflicting information, suggesting that the expanded capacity for automatic auditory processing underpins their multisensory integration advantage.

Internal representations in working memory (WM) automatically bias attention toward matching stimuli, a process termed WM-driven attentional capture that is modulated by cognitive control. Although previous studies have found that mind–body exercise has a promoting effect on cognitive control, the effect of mind–body exercise on resistance to proactive interference from working memory has yet to be investigated. The present study used the classic WM/visual search dual-task paradigm to investigate the effects of baduanjin mind–body exercise on WM-driven attentional capture. Sixty-seven healthy college students were randomly allocated to a training group or a control group. The training group underwent 16 weeks of baduanjin intervention at a frequency of 3 days/week for 60 min/session. The results showed that mind–body exercise significantly reduced reaction times (RTs) in both visual search and WM tasks. More importantly, the training group showed a significant reduction in WM-driven attentional capture during the posttest phase compared with the same measure during the pretest phase. However, the control group showed no such improvement. These results indicated that mind–body exercise could modulate WM-driven attentional capture, potentially attributable to strengthened top-down cognitive control and optimized allocation of attentional resources. The present study provides preliminary evidence that long-term mind–body exercise improves the young individuals’ ability to resist proactive interference at the memory level, enriching our understanding of the association between exercise and distractor suppression.