The high topological silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics can be prepared by stereolithography (SLA) combined with liquid silicon infiltration (LSI) techniques. This paper aims to enhance the performance of SiC ceramics prepared by SLA and LSI techniques via the cyclic impregnation/carbonization of the precursor of carbon source solution before LSI. The effects of impregnation/carbonization cycles on the microstructure and properties of C/SiC preform and sintered body were analyzed in detail. The results show that, with the increase of impregnation/carbonization cycles, the porosity in the C/SiC preform decreases obviously and the content of secondary SiC in the sintered body increases effectively. Especially, when the impregnation/carbonization cycle was performed twice, the sintered body had the optimal mechanical properties. The value of flexural strength, bulk density and elastic modulus were 258.63 ± 8.33 MPa, 2.95 ± 0.02 g/cm³ and 425.16 ± 14.15 GPa, respectively. In addition, the thermal dimensional stability of sintered body was also improved by this method. This method proves that SiC ceramics prepared by SLA combined with LSI have the potential of applications in space optical mirrors.

Complex structure reaction-bonded silicon carbide (RB-SiC) can be prepared by reactive melt infiltration (RMI) and digital light processing (DLP). However, the strength and modulus of RB-SiC prepared by DLP are not sufficient, due to its low solid content (around 40 vol.%), compared with the traditional fabrication techniques (solid content > 60 vol.%). With this understanding, a new method to improve the properties of RB-SiC was proposed, by the impregnation of composite precursor into the porous preform. The composite precursor was composed of phenolic (PF) resin and furfuryl alcohol (FA). PF and FA were pyrolyzed at 1850 °C to obtain amorphous carbon and graphite into the porous preform, respectively. The effects of multiphase carbon on the microstructure and performance of RB-SiC was studied. When the mass ratio of PF to FA was 1/4, the solid content of RB-SiC increased from 40 vol.% to 68.6 vol.%. The strength, bulk density and modulus were 323.12 MPa, 2.94 g/cm³ and 348.83 Gpa, respectively. This method demonstrated that the reaction process between liquid Si and carbon could be controlled by the introduction of multiphase carbon into the porous preforms, which has the potential to regulate the microstructure and properties of RB-SiC prepared by additive manufacturing or other forming methods.

Efficient immobilization and volume minimization of radioactive strontium (90Sr) remain critical challenges in nuclear wastewater management. Herein, we report a zeolite-to-ceramic transformation strategy that converts Sr2+-exchanged LTA zeolite into dense ceramic waste forms through cold isostatic pressing and reaction sintering. The structural evolution and Sr immobilization mechanism during ceramicization were systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. During thermal treatment, the original LTA framework undergoes collapse and reconstruction, producing a crystalline Sr-containing feldspar-type aluminosilicate phase at 1100 °C. This structural transformation converts exchangeable Sr species into a stable ceramic lattice, resulting in significantly enhanced chemical durability. The optimized ceramic (ZAC-1100) exhibits exceptionally low Sr leaching rates of 0.05%, 0.04%, and 0.30% in 1 M NaCl, 0.1 M NaOH, and 0.001 M HNO3 solutions, respectively. Meanwhile, ceramic densification leads to a volume shrinkage of 49.36% and increases the density to 2.54 g·cm-3. Benefiting from the high Sr-loading capability of LTA zeolite and the compact crystalline ceramic structure, ZAC-1100 achieves a specific radioactivity of 1.25 × 1015 Bq·kg-1 and an activity concentration of 3.18 × 1018 Bq·m3. This work demonstrates that zeolite-derived ceramicization provides an effective approach for transforming radionuclide-loaded adsorbents into durable and volume-efficient waste forms, offering new opportunities for the long-term management of Sr-containing radioactive waste.