Individuals suffering from non-communicable NCDs often experience chronic pain, which can directly contribute to the development of kinesiophobia and fear of movement, significantly impacting the quality of life and physical activity (PA) of chronically ill patients. This review aims to examine the impact of kinesiophobia on PA, quality of life, and the rehabilitation process in patients with diabetes, cancer, and chronic cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. The research methodology is based on a systematic literature review using six databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar), conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. The review included 81 articles (comprising experimental studies, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews). The prevalence of kinesiophobia and fear of movement among patients with chronic diseases ranged from 42.85% to 93%, depending on the type of condition. The average prevalence rate of kinesiophobia in the entire analyzed group was 63.6%, which highlights the significance of the problem in relation to the chronic diseases discussed. The presence of movement-related fear in individuals with chronic illnesses represents a significant barrier to engaging in PA, which can directly impact their quality of life. Future research is recommended to focus on identifying risk factors and the influence of kinesiophobia on various aspects of life, allowing for clearer understanding and coherence.

According to many experts in the fields of psychology and psychiatry, the destabilization resulting from the coronavirus pandemic may not be as noticeable now as it will be after the pandemic period is over. Undoubtedly, the fact that the surrounding reality is standardized and normalized by many at present contributes to this. In the opinion of many researchers, the scale and degree of trauma experienced by society will only be noticed by many once the pandemic is over. Many also suggest that we will experience post-pandemic stress disorder. This literature review aims to bring together in one place the information that speaks to the nature of the problem, which is post-pandemic stress disorder. The main sections of the paper deal with exposure to the disorder in the general population and a review of the current literature on the subject. The second section deals with a group of medical personnel who are on the direct frontline in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic; it is assumed here that they are those who are at much higher risk of developing post-pandemic stress disorder.

Background. The phenomenon of burnout among healthcare workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic is a widespread problem with several negative consequences for the healthcare system. The many stressors of the pandemic have led to an increased development of anxiety and depressive disorders in many healthcare workers. In addition, some manifested symptoms of the so‐called postpandemic stress syndrome and the emergence of occupational burnout syndrome, commonly referred to as “COVID‐19 burnout.” The aim of this study was to assess the burnout and life satisfaction of healthcare workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted in 2020‐2022 among medical staff working in hospitals in Silesia, Poland. The instruments used to assess life satisfaction and burnout were the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which assesses three dimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DEP), and sense of reduced professional accomplishment (SRPA). Results. The study group included 900 participants. There were 300 physicians (mean age 38 ± 7 years), 300 nurses (mean age 35 ± 6 years), and 300 paramedics (mean age 31 ± 5 years). Life satisfaction as measured by the SWLS was lowest among nurses and paramedics in 2021 and among doctors in 2022. Male respondents and those with fewer years of work had higher levels of life satisfaction. People with more years of work had higher scores in EE and DEP and lower scores in SRPA (p = 0.001). We found a negative correlation between life satisfaction and EE (p = 0.001), DEP (p = 0.001), and SRPA (p = 0.002). Conclusions. The results highlight the need for further research into the causes of burnout among medical professionals and the need for effective interventions to promote well‐being and prevent burnout in this group.

Background: Over the past few years, an increase in the incidence of eating disorders has been noted. An increase in the pace of life, an increase in the availability of a wide variety of food products, and, to a large extent, the involvement of mass media are cited as reasons for this phenomenon. The promotion of a slim figure by the mass media is equated with achieving success in life, but also the advertising of a wide selection of food products (often highly processed) can have a serious impact on the development of eating disorders. This phenomenon is particularly observed in industrialized Western countries. Objective: Therefore, it was decided to test and compare whether dietetics students are indeed more predisposed to developing eating disorders than students not in the nutrition field. Material and methods: the study included 310 individuals representing two equal groups of fields of study—dietetics and other students. The study used standardized questionnaire—EAT-26. Results: It was found that almost half (46%) of the respondents (both dietetics students and students of other majors) met at least one criterion out of three that could indicate the probable existence or susceptibility to an eating disorder. These individuals should see a specialist for further diagnosis. There was no significant effect of the field of study on the overall EAT-26 test score (p > 0.05). When this result was corrected for BMI values for those with the lowest scores on this indicator, the risk of eating disorders was found to be higher among students of majors other than dietetics (X² = 13.572; V = 0.831 p = 0.001). Conclusions: Almost half of the respondents in both study groups showed a predisposition to eating disorders based on the EAT-26 test. Despite the presence of a correlation in individual responses that dietetics students are more predisposed to eating disorders, no such relationship was found according to the final EAT-26 test scores. However, it was observed that non-dietetics students who had low BMI values showed higher tendencies toward behaviors indicative of eating disorders.

The purpose of the study was to assess the usefulness of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the detection of the neurodegenerative process in younger patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The study group consisted of 61 patients with a relapsing remitting course of MS (mean age 36.4 ± 6.7 years) divided into two groups: short (≤5 years) and long (>10 years) disease duration. OCT, P300 evoked potential, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and performance subtests (Picture Completion and Digit Symbol) of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale were performed in all patients. Mean values of most parameters assessed in OCT (pRNFL Total, pRNFL Inferior, pRNFL Superior, pRNFL Temporalis, mRNFL, GCIPL, mRNFL+GCIPL) were significantly lower in MS patients in comparison to controls. And in patients with longer disease duration in comparison to those with shorter. Most OCT parameters negatively correlated with the EDSS score (p < 0.05). No significant correlation was found between OCT results and both P300 latency and the results of psychometric tests. OCT, as a simple, non-invasive, quick, and inexpensive method, could be useful for monitoring the progression of disease in MS patients.

Background: The thyroid gland plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism and various bodily functions through hormone production. Women are particularly susceptible to thyroid disorders such as hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s disease, with associated symptoms affecting overall well-being. Prior research has inadequately addressed the influence of dietary habits and nutritional knowledge on thyroid health, especially in women. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the dietary habits and nutritional awareness of women aged 18–45 with diagnosed thyroid disorders, emphasizing the effects of education level on knowledge and dietary practices. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 297 women diagnosed with thyroid conditions. The survey assessed demographics, comorbidities, hydration habits, and knowledge about nutrient intake critical for thyroid health. Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and correlation analyses were performed to evaluate associations. Results: Hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s disease were most prevalent among younger women (18–25 years). A significant association was observed between higher education and knowledge of protein and carbohydrate roles in managing thyroid health (p < 0.01). Women with higher educational backgrounds more frequently used healthier cooking methods and were more informed about beneficial nutrients, including vitamin D and omega-3. A chi-square test indicated that low water intake was significantly associated with comorbid conditions, including insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Significant gaps remain in dietary knowledge, particularly concerning protein intake and nutrient–drug interactions, indicating a need for targeted dietary education. Women with higher education demonstrated greater dietary awareness, emphasizing the importance of tailored educational interventions to enhance thyroid disorder management.