Cement-based materials are widely used in construction worldwide, but they are vulnerable to environmental stressors and thermal fluctuations, leading to the formation of internal cracks that compromise structural integrity and durability. Traditional repair methods such as surface coatings, grouting, and groove filling are often costly and labor-intensive. In response, self-repairing technologies for cement-based materials have emerged as an innovative and promising solution, offering the potential to significantly extend the lifespan of structures and reduce maintenance costs. A particularly novel approach is the development of microcapsule-based self-repairing concrete. In this system, repair agents are encapsulated within microcapsules and combined with curing agents in the concrete matrix. When cracks form, the microcapsules rupture, releasing the repair agents to autonomously heal the damage. This self-repairing mechanism is characterized by its high efficiency, durability, environmental sustainability, and versatility, making it a promising alternative to traditional repair methods. Recent research has focused on the development of microcapsules with various core materials, such as TDI (toluene diisocyanate), IPDI (isophorone diisocyanate), or epoxy resin, as well as composite shell materials including paraffin wax, PE (polyethylene) wax, nano-SiO₂, and nano-CaCO₃. A novel advancement in this area involves the enhancement of microcapsules through the incorporation of magnetic nanomaterials into the shell, providing new possibilities for self-repairing systems that address cracks in cement-based materials.

Turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent dissipation are important aspects of the flow field characteristics, which can affect the wear and energy loss in mixing equipment. In order to increase equipment wear and energy loss in the mixing process, a series of fractal impellers were designed based on the fractal iteration method, and the effects of the fractal dimension and the number of iterations on the flow field characteristics were investigated. Firstly, the distribution characteristics of turbulent kinetic energy and its uniformity were studied. Then, the distribution characteristics of the turbulent dissipation rate were studied and interpreted using vortex analysis, and the mixing power of the device was further investigated. The results showed that: for the turbulent kinetic energy of the flow field, an increase in the fractal dimension and the number of iterations makes the turbulent kinetic energy intensity of the flow field decrease and the distribution more uniform, compared to the non-iterative impeller, specifically the rectangular secondary iterative impeller caused a 30% reduction in the turbulent kinetic energy intensity and a 50% increase in the uniformity; for the turbulent dissipation of the flow field, in general an increase in the fractal dimension reduces the turbulent dissipation in the flow field, and an increase in the number of iterations increases it slightly, this influence law is due to a change in the trailing vortex caused by the blade structure; and a change in the law of turbulent dissipation also causes a corresponding change in the stirring power, from the non-iterative impeller to a rectangular one iteration impeller, the power decreases by 20% while the average speed decreases by only 5%. In conclusion, the special boundary of the fractal iterative impeller can reduce the turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent dissipation of the flow field to a large extent, and its two characteristics, the fractal dimension and the number of iterations, affect the reduction effect. The results of the study can be used as a reference for the design of mixing equipment to reduce turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent dissipation.

The continuous development of information technology has increased the level of automation and informatization in the manufacturing industry, which makes it necessary for companies to effectively monitor their assembly lines. Aiming to visualize the monitoring challenges of the assembly line production process, taking the industrial detonator automatic assembly line as the research object and referring to the digital twin five-dimensional model, a visualization monitoring method that utilizes an assembly line based on a digital twin is proposed. First, the architecture of the assembly line visualization monitoring system based on digital twin is constructed, and its specific operation flow is studied. Then, three key implementation methods, including assembly line virtual entity model construction, data collection in the assembly process and complex equipment error detection, are studied. Finally, a visualization monitoring system for the industrial detonator automatic assembly line is designed and developed, which verifies that the proposed method is effective in the visualization monitoring of the assembly line.

Limestone calcined clay cement (LC3), enhanced through reactions with volcanic ash and the interaction between limestone and clay, significantly improves the performance of cementitious materials. It has the potential to cut CO₂ emissions by up to 30% and energy consumption in cement manufacture by 15% to 20%, providing a promising prospect for the large-scale production of low-carbon cement with a lower environmental effect. To effectively manufacture LC3 concrete, this study utilized limestone (15%), calcined clay (30%), and gypsum (5%) as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), replacing 50% of ordinary Portland cement (OPC). However, in regions abundant in sulfate, sulfate attack can cause interior cracking of concrete, reducing the longevity of the building. To address this issue, microcapsules containing microcrystalline wax, ceresine wax, and nano-CaCO₃ encapsulated in epoxy resin were prepared and successfully incorporated into LC3 concrete. Sulfate resistance tests were conducted through sulfate dry–wet cycles, comparing samples with and without microcapsules. The findings revealed that the initial mechanical and permeability properties of LC3 concrete did not significantly differ from OPC concrete. LC3 concrete with added microcapsules (SP4) exhibited enhanced resistance to sulfate attack, reducing mass loss and compressive strength degradation. SEM images displayed a mesh-like structure of repair products in SP4. After 14 days of self-repair, SP4 exhibited a 44.2% harmful pore ratio, 98.1% compressive strength retention, 88.7% chloride ion diffusion coefficient retention, 91.12 mV maximum amplitude, and 9.14 mV maximum frequency amplitude. The experimental results indicate that the presence of microcapsules enhances the sulfate attack self-healing performance of LC3 concrete.

The transmission of marking data nowadays require a separate PC as a client at the receiving terminal in laser marking technology.This paper presents a new data receiving and state feedback solution. It is the industrial Ethernet that based on the composition of embedded network technology.The scheme integrates a network communication module which consists the MAC's STM32F107 micro controller and DM9161A PHY interface device.The module and laser control module and laser galvo scanner motion control module and other basic modules make up the laser marking unit of this system.Furthermore,the laser generator and galvo scanner is the executing agency that implements the networking of laser marking.The experiments show that the scheme can effectively solve the problem of data transmission in laser marking technology,and it can eventually finish the purpose of laser marking after data processing and conversion.The research results have a broad market prospect, and it has the great significance to the development of laser application fields.