Endoscopy is vital for detecting and diagnosing gastrointestinal diseases. Systematic examination protocols are key to enhancing detection, particularly for the early identification of premalignant conditions. Publicly available endoscopy image databases are crucial for machine learning research, yet challenges persist, particularly in identifying upper gastrointestinal anatomical landmarks to ensure effective and precise endoscopic procedures. However, many existing datasets have inconsistent labeling and limited accessibility, leading to biased models and reduced generalizability. This paper introduces GastroHUN, an open dataset documenting stomach screening procedures based on a systematic protocol. GastroHUN includes 8,834 images from 387 patients and 4,729 labeled video sequences, all annotated by four experts. The dataset covers 22 anatomical landmarks in the stomach and includes an additional category for unqualified images, making it a valuable resource for AI model development. By providing a robust public dataset and baseline deep learning models for image and sequence classification, GastroHUN serves as a benchmark for future research and aids in the development of more effective algorithms.

Introduction: Self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) has been considered a key element in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). However, its role in glycemic control in non-insulin users has been long discussed.Objective: To conduct a narrative literature review of the benefits of SMBG in non-insulin-treated patients with T2DM.Materials and Methods: A scientific literature search was conducted in the following databases: Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Embase, SciELO, Cochrane and Medline. Relevant articles were selected according to the established criteria. In addition, some studies included in the references of the initially selected articles were added to the review since they were considered relevant for its objective.Results: The following records were included in the review: 14 controlled clinical trials, 13 observational studies, 10 clinical practice guidelines, 7 narrative reviews, 5 meta-analyses, and 1 systematic review.Conclusion: based on the evidence found in this review it is possible to say that the use of SMBG in patients with T2DM is beneficial and that it has a positive impact on non-insulin users in terms of achieving glycemic control and defining therapeutic changes.

Background. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality due to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment approaches. Objective. To assess the performance of the CORB score in subjects with CAP for predicting in-hospital mortality, death within 30 days of admission, and requirement for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and vasopressor support. Methods. A retrospective, cohort study with diagnostic test analysis of CORB and CURB-65 scores in subjects with CAP according to ATS criteria was undertaken. An alternative CORB score was estimated by replacing SpO₂ ≤90% by the SpO₂/FiO₂ ratio. Crude and adjusted odd ratios (AOR) were calculated for each variable. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) was constructed for each score, and outcomes were analyzed. AUROCs were compared with the DeLong test, considering a p value statistically significant. Results. From 1,811 subjects who entered the analysis, 15.1% (273/1,811) died in hospital, 8.78% required IMV (159/1,811), and 9.77% (177/1,811) needed vasopressor support. CORB had an AUROC of 0,660 (95% CI: 0,623–0,697) for in-hospital mortality; an AUROC of 0,657 (95% CI: 0,621–0,692) for 30-day mortality; an AUROC of 0,637 (CI 95%: 0,589–0,685) for IMV requirement; and an AUROC of 0,635 (95% CI: 0,589–0,681) for vasopressor support. CORB performance increases when the SpO₂/FiO₂ ratio <300 is used as oxygenation criterion in the prediction of requirement for IMV and vasopressor support, with AUROC of 0,700 (95% CI: 0,654–0,746; ) and AUROC of 0,702 (95% CI: 0,66–0,745; ), respectively. CURB-65 score presents an in-hospital mortality AUROC of 0,727 (95% CI: 0,695–0,759) and 30-day mortality AUROC of 0,726 (95% CI: 0,695–0,756). Conclusions. CORB score has a good performance in predicting the need for IMV and vasopressor support in CAP patients. This performance improves when the SpO₂/FiO₂ ratio <300 is used instead of the SpO2 ≤90% as the oxygenation parameter. CURB-65 score is superior in the prediction of mortality.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises a spectrum of chronic immune-mediated diseases that affect the gastrointestinal tract. Onset typically occurs in early adulthood. The incidence of this disease has increased worldwide. Its prevalence has increased in Colombia and occurs predominantly in women. Considering that this disease is not curable, the main objective of management is to achieve remission. Many women are affected by IBD during different stages of their lives, including their reproductive life, pregnancy, and menopause. Because of this, the way the disease is managed in women of reproductive age can affect the course of IBD. Treatment and health maintenance strategies are very relevant; for patients with a desire to conceive, remission of the disease is very important at the time of conception and throughout the pregnancy to ensure adequate outcomes for both mother and fetus. Also, remission is necessary at least 3 months prior to conception. It is well known that active disease during conception and pregnancy is associated with adverse outcomes. In addition, active perianal disease is an indication of cesarean delivery, resulting in an increased risk of intestinal surgery and post-operative complications.