The nonlinear vibrations of composite laminated plates with time-dependent base excitation and boundary conditions are investigated. According to the von Kármán nonlinear plate theory, the dynamic equations of motion of the laminated plates are established. The nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed to the nonlinear ordinary differential ones using the Bubnov-Galerkin’s method. The primary resonance and the primary parametric resonance of the laminated plate with time-dependent boundary conditions are investigated by means of the method of multiple scales. The validity of the present theoretical method is verified by comparing the amplitude–frequency relationship curves acquired from the present theoretical method with those calculated from the numerical simulation. The amplitude–frequency characteristic curves and the displacement time histories for different ply angles of the composite laminated plate are analyzed. The effects of the viscous damping factor and the transverse displacement excitation on the amplitude–frequency relationship curves are also studied. The present results are helpful for the nonlinear dynamical analysis and design of the composite laminated plate with time-dependent boundary conditions.