Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease initiated by biofilm microorganisms and mediated by host immune imbalance. Uncontrolled periodontal infections are the leading cause of tooth loss in adults. Thrombotic diseases can lead to partial or complete obstruction of blood flow in the circulatory system, manifesting as organ or tissue ischemia and necrosis in patients with arterial thrombosis, and local edema, pain and circulatory instability in patients with venous thrombosis, which may lead to mortality or fatality in severe case. Recent studies found that periodontitis might enhance thrombosis through bacterial transmission or systemic inflammation by affecting platelet-immune cell interactions, as well as the coagulation, and periodontal therapy could have a prophylactic effect on patients with thrombotic diseases. In this review, we summarized clinical findings on the association between periodontitis and thrombotic diseases and discussed several novel prothrombotic periodontitis-related agents, and presented a perspective to emphasize the necessity of oral health management for people at high risk of thrombosis.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of various treatment options for aortic graft infection (AGI) patients and identify factors affecting their prognosis. Methods: The data of AGI patients from January 2008 to December 2019 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The primary endpoints were 30-day mortality and perioperative complication-related morbidity; the secondary endpoints were re-infection (RI) rates, primary and secondary graft patency, overall mortality, duration of antibiotic therapy, and the number of antibiotic types used in treatment. Results: There was no significant difference in the 30-day mortality and perioperative-related complications between the conservative treatment, in-situ reconstruction (ISR), and extra-anatomic reconstruction (EAR) groups. The ISR group had lower re-infection rates and better overall survival rates than the EAR and conservative treatment groups. Different bypass graft conduits had no significant influence on the RI rate or primary and secondary graft patency. AGI patients infected with high-virulence pathogens had higher RI and overall mortality rates than those infected with low virulence pathogens, but this was not statistically significant. Initial procedures prior to the AGI also had no influence on the prognosis of AGI patients. Patients undergoing ISR or EAR surgery received antibiotic therapy for a longer duration than patients undergoing conservative treatment. Patients without RI received more types of antibiotics than patients with RI. Conclusions: ISR had lower RI rates and better overall survival rates than EAR and conservative treatment and may be a better choice for patients with AGI. Several factors were found to have no influence on patients’ prognosis however, further studies are required.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a complex and chronic disease that causes severe cardiovascular events and further death worldwide. Lipid droplets (LDs) are closely involved in AS plaque initialtion and development. Therefore, visualization and quantification of the complexity of LDs may assist in understanding atherosclerotic plaque biology and assessing lesion stability. In this study, we reported lipophilic fluorescent sensors based on BODIPY scaffold (P1 & P2). These probes exhibited fluorescence responsiveness in oil/water systems and lipid droplet mimics(LDM), with detection limits as low as 50 μg·mL-1. In cellular milieu, probes effectively tracked LD accumulation induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) as well as lipid suppression treated by rosiglitazone. Ex vivo imaging of atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE⁻/⁻ mice and human tissues further demonstrated that these probes were capable of distinguishing pathological characteristics among various vascular regions. Together, these results highlighted the first application of LDs sensors in sensing the distinct lipidic lesions in patients’ biopised atherosclerotic plaques, implying their organ-specific pathogenesis.

Introduction Endovascular therapy has emerged as a prominent strategy for managing femoropopliteal peripheral artery disease, offering acceptable safety and efficacy compared with open surgical bypass. Both paclitaxel-eluting stents and heparin-bonded covered stents have exhibited enhanced clinical outcomes compared with bare metal stents. However, there is currently a lack of level I evidence comparing the safety and efficacy of paclitaxel-eluting stents and heparin-bonded covered stents. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety outcomes of these two types of stents. Methods and analysis The ELITE trial is a prospective, multicentre, parallel, randomised controlled trial. A total of 450 patients will be recruited. The primary endpoints of the study include primary patency at 1 year post-index procedure. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of West China Hospital of Sichuan University (approval number: 2023–1186). The results will be submitted to a major clinical journal for peer review and publication. Trial registration ELITE trial was registered on 27 September 2023 in the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (ChiCTR2300076236).

Objective: To investigate the impact of asymptomatic high-risk status for ischemic stroke on patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm undergoing endovascular aortic repair (EVAR). Methods: Eligible patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm who underwent EVAR between January 2011 and December 2021 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline characteristics between the cerebrovascular high-risk group and the standard control group. The impact of cerebrovascular high-risk status on short- and long-term outcomes was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression and generalized linear models, with results presented as hazard ratios (HRs), odds ratios (ORs), and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: A total of 1080 patients were included (299 high-risk, 781 standard). During the 13-year follow-up period, ischemic stroke occurred in 45 patients (15.1%) in the high-risk group (HR, 7.01; 95% CI, 4.11–11.94; p < 0.001). The high-risk group also had a higher incidence of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), which occurred in 129 patients (43.1%) (HR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.43–2.24; p < 0.001). These findings remained consistent across inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and propensity score matching combined with multivariable generalized linear model (PSM+MVA-GLM) analyses. Conclusions: Although no significant increase in perioperative cerebrovascular adverse events was observed in asymptomatic patients with a preoperative cerebrovascular high-risk status, their worse long-term prognosis appears to be associated with this risk status. This association highlights the need for rigorous cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk management in this vulnerable population after surgery.