This paper presents a review of the recent trends and the current state of the art in the application of fiber optic fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) sensing technology to condition the monitoring (CM) and testing of practical electric machinery and the associated power equipment. FBG technology has received considerable interest in this field in recent years, with research demonstrating that the flexible, multi-physical, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) immune in situ sensing of a multitude of physical measurands of CM interest is possible and cannot be obtained through conventional sensing means. The unique FBG sensing ability has the potential to unlock many of the electric machine CM and design validation restrictions imposed by the limitations of conventional sensing techniques but needs further research to attain wider adoption. This paper first presents the fundamental principles of FBG sensing. This is followed by a description of recent FBG sensing techniques proposed for electric machinery and associated power equipment and a discussion of their individual benefits and limitations. Finally, an outlook for the further application of this technique is presented. The underlying intention is for the review to provide an up-to-date overview of the state of the art in this area and inform future developments in FBG sensing in electric machinery.

Detection partial discharge (PD) using the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) has proven its worth in monitoring the condition of insulation of electrical equipment. UHF PD detection method has some advantages compared with conventional PD detection methods such as IEC standards 60270. This research design UHF bow-tie antenna sensor to detect PD. In the initial design phase, the geometry of the antenna would be firstly optimized in order to obtain the optimum antenna characteristics, i.e. its gap distance, wing radius and flare angle. To determine its ability to detect PD, the antenna is tested at the high voltage laboratory.

Detection partial discharge (PD) using the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) has proven its worth in monitoring the condition of insulation of GIS. UHF PD detection method has some advantages compared with conventional PD detection methods such as IEC standards 60270. This research uses UHF bow-tie antenna sensor to detect PD in GIS. In the initial design phase, the geometry of the antenna would be firstly optimized in order to obtain the optimum antenna characteristics, i.e. its gap distance, wing radius and flare angle. The antenna would be tested by using a vector network analyzer (VNA).

Partial Discharge (PD) detection using ultra-high frequency (UHF) method has been proven as more noise-resistant in GIS condition monitoring, compared to the conventional PD detection methods, where the common noise frequency range such as in the power plants is below UHF frequency range. However, noise in UHF range may occur at certain conditions. Thus, UHF sensors with high sensitivity are necessary to detect PD-induced electromagnetic wave in UHF range. This paper discusses the modified design of a bowtie antenna as UHF sensor and its performance in detecting PD in the air. The modification method is conducted through simulation using antenna design software, resulting in rounded edge and middle-sliced bowtie antennas. The designed bowtie antenna has wider bandwidth of above 300 MHz, reflection coefficient lower than −10 dB, and the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) less than 2. During initial design, the antenna geometry including gap distance, wing radius, and flare angle are adjusted to obtain the optimum antenna characteristics. The final designed sensors are then fabricated on a printed circuit board (PCB) with FR4-epoxy substrate material and tested using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). Furthermore, the modified antennas are also tested in the high voltage laboratory to detect PD in needle–plane electrode. The experiment results show that both modified bowtie antennas can successfully detect the PD signal with correct phase patterns, and that the middle-sliced modified bowtie antenna is more sensitive than the rounded-edge modified bowtie antenna.

Modified bow-tie antenna to detect partial disharge is presented. It is shown that the bandwidth is considerably larger and return loss is considerably smaller when modification antenna is simulated. The antenna is aimed to have small size, wideband, and small return loss. In this paper, the bow-tie antennas have been designed with two modifications. An investigaton on the effect of the modification to the antenna characteristics had been carried out. Simulation and measurement results for the return loss were presented. Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation method in three-dimensional (3-D) is used. The sensor is designed in the software. The antenna would be tested by using a vector network analyzer (VNA). PD measurement performed in the high voltage laboratory.

The Indonesian Government is working to develop Indonesia as a global maritime axis by accelerating the sea toll program as one of its main sectors of development. Therefore, a lot of marine vessels will be highly needed. Bow thrusters are a type of propellers that help a better maneuverability of the ships at lower speeds. Currently, most ships in Indonesia still use conventional electric motors. The technology has some weaknesses such as high noise, ease of lubricant oil leak, and low efficiency. This paper proposes a design of the submersible electric motor. The electric motor is connected directly to the propeller without gears so that it can increase system efficiency, reduce noise, and vibration level, and also it is environmentally friendly due to no lubricating oil leak. The design and simulation results show that the performances of the designed electric motor meet the requirements of naval architect and propeller designer.