The increasing production and improper disposal of plastic waste present a major global environmental challenge, highlighting the need for sustainable solutions. This review thoroughly examines the use of waste plastics in composite material production, providing a dual benefit: reducing environmental impact while creating valuable materials. This review examines the scale and ecological impact of plastic waste, focusing on various types of waste plastics, such as thermoplastics and thermosets. In-depth discussion includes various processing techniques such as melt blending, compression molding, extrusion, and injection molding. The review discusses various reinforcing materials used with waste plastics, including other polymers, natural and synthetic fibers, sand, clay, fly ash, and additional recycled materials. The focus is on analyzing mechanical, thermal, physical, and chemical properties, considering factors like waste plastic-type, reinforcement type, processing parameters, and additives. This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and policymakers aiming to find sustainable solutions for plastic waste management and to promote a circular economy.

As an edible oil, palm oil is also safe and reliable in dyeing, and the residual palm oil after dyeing can be recycled and used continuously, which is green and environmentally friendly and has great research prospects. In this research, raw ramie yarn, used for traditional grass cloth, was dyed in a palm oil medium using Reactive Blue 194. Studying the adsorption and diffusion behaviour in the dyeing process is necessary. Additionally, the kinetics and isotherm model of dyeing raw ramie yarn with Reactive Blue 194 in palm oil is studied, and the adsorption behaviour between them is discussed. For a better understanding, the raw ramie yarn dyeing adsorption behaviour was also carried out in a water medium. It was found that the dyeing rates in palm oil are distinctly faster than in water. Kinetics data suggested that the pseudo-second-order model fitted for both dyeing mediums (palm oil and water) of the adsorption of the Reactive Blue 194 dye onto raw ramie yarn. Afterward, the adsorption isotherms’ results denote that the Langmuir model was suitable for palm oil dyeing medium while the Freundlich model was suited for water medium. Overall, this study has demonstrated that raw ramie yarn dyeing in a palm oil medium could be a sustainable colouration route for textile fibres with a greater dye exhaustion percentage.