The objective of this study was to determine in vitro gas production kinetics, and rumen fermentation products of total mixed ration (TMR) supplemented with different level of Lactobacillus plantarum supplementation in Thai native cattle. The experiment design was Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The in vitro procedure was completed using 200 mg DM of TMR and four different concentration of L. plantarum; CON (without supplementation of L. plantarum), T1 (107 CFU / mL of L. plantarum supplementation), T2 (108 CFU / mL of L. plantarum supplementation), and T3 (109 CFU / mL of L. plantarum supplementation). The samples were prepared in three replications and incubated for 96 hours for gas production. Rumen fermentation products (pH, NH3, VFA) and digestibility experiment were done in four replications and incubated for 24 hours. In vitro gas production for 96 hours, gas production from insoluble fraction (b), and potential extent of gas production (|a|+b) were improved in the T1 and T2 groups (P < 0.05). The in vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibility, and true digestibility were particularly enhanced in the T1 group compared to other treatments (P <0.05). The pH and NH3 in this study were significantly affected (P<0.05). The significant improvements on the in vitro rumen fermentation products and digestibility endorse L. plantarum supplementation at concentration of 107 CFU/mL as probiotic candidate.

The present study evaluated the chemical composition and in vitro ruminal digestibility of napier Pakchong 1 silage combined with maize cob and husk in different ratios. The napier Pakchong 1 grass was harvested at 45 days of maturity. The napier Pakchong 1 grass was ensiled with maize cob and husk at ratios of 1:5, 1:10 and 1:15. Three rumen fistulated Thai native cattle (White Lamphun cattle) with an average weight of 154 ± 4.7 kg were used to determine ruminal digestibility by in vitro gas-production technique. Gas production was recorded after incubating for 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The microbial biomass yield was determined after incubating for 24 h. DM, NDF and ADF of maize cob and husk mixed with napier Pakchong 1 silage declined by increasing the proportion of napier Pakchong 1 grass, while gas production after 4–10 h of incubating maize cob and husk mixed with napier Pakchong 1 grass increased by increasing the proportion of napier Pakchong 1 grass. The metabolisable energy, organic matter digestibility and microbial biomass yield did not differ among the different ratios. The results of the study suggested a recommended ratio of maize cob and husk to napier Pakchong 1 grass of 1:10. The ensiling fermentation increased the proportion of protein in the roughage, which lead to increased in vitro gas production of roughage.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the effects of UV-B irradiated vitamin D-enriched yeast supplementation on milk yield, milk composition, vitamin D in milk, milk fatty acids, blood chemistry, and 25(OH)D status in dairy cows.Methods: Six Thai Friesian cows (milk production, 11.2±2.0 kg/d; body weight, 415.0±20.0 kg; and days in milk, 90.0±6.0) were allocated to each treatment in a 3×3 Latin square design, with three treatments and three periods. Each period of the Latin square lasted 49 days consisting of 14 days for diet adaptation and 35 days for sample collection. Dairy cows were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: i) feeding a basal diet without yeast (CON); ii) basal diet + 5 g of live yeast (75 IU/head/d of vitamin D2; LY); and iii) basal diet + 5 g of UV-B irradiated vitamin D enriched yeast (150,000 IU/head/d of vitamin D2; VDY). Feed intake and milk production were recorded daily, milk sample collection occurred on days 14 and 35 of each collection period, and blood plasma was collected on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 of each collection period.Results: The results show that after a trial period of 14 and 35 days, the VDY group had significantly higher vitamin D content in milk than the LY and CON groups (376.41 vs 305.15, 302.14 ng/L and 413.46 vs 306.76, 301.12 ng/L, respectively). At days 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 of the experiment, cows fed the VDY group had significantly higher 25(OH)D2 status in blood than the CON and LY groups (51.07 vs 47.16, 48.05 ng/mL; 54.96 vs 45.43, 46.91 ng/mL; 56.16 vs 46.87, 47.16 ng/mL; 60.67 vs 44.39, 46.17 ng/mL and 63.91 vs 45.88, 46.88 ng/mL), respectively.Conclusion: In conclusion, UV-B irradiated vitamin D-enriched yeast supplementation could improve vitamin D content in the milk and 25(OH)D status in dairy cows during the lactation period.

The present study evaluated the chemical composition and in vitro ruminal digestibility of napier Pakchong 1 silage combined with maize cob and husk in different ratios. The napier Pakchong 1 grass was harvested at 45 days of maturity. The napier Pakchong 1 grass was ensiled with maize cob and husk at ratios of 1 : 5, 1 : 10 and 1 : 15. Three rumen fistulated Thai native cattle (White Lamphun cattle) with an average weight of 154 ± 4.7 kg were used to determine ruminal digestibility by in vitro gas-production technique. Gas production was recorded after incubating for 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The microbial biomass yield was determined after incubating for 24 h. DM, NDF and ADF of maize cob and husk mixed with napier Pakchong 1 silage declined by increasing the proportion of napier Pakchong 1 grass, while gas production after 4–10 h of incubating maize cob and husk mixed with napier Pakchong 1 grass increased by increasing the proportion of napier Pakchong 1 grass. The metabolisable energy, organic matter digestibility and microbial biomass yield did not differ among the different ratios. The results of the study suggested a recommended ratio of maize cob and husk to napier Pakchong 1 grass of 1 : 10. The ensiling fermentation increased the proportion of protein in the roughage, which lead to increased in vitro gas production of roughage.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of crossbreeding Wagyu cattle with Kamphaengsaen (WKPS), Brahman (WBR), and Thai Holstein Friesian (WTHF) on growth performance, meat quality, sensory attributes, and fatty acid composition. Three groups of F1 crossbred cattle were produced by artificial insemination with Wagyu semen. The animals were reared under standardized feeding and management conditions for 11 months. Growth performance, carcass traits, pH, color, water-holding capacity (WHC), shear force, and sensory attributes were evaluated. The fatty acid profile of longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle and muscle fiber characteristics were assessed and histological analysis. Results shown, WTHF demonstrated higher average daily gain (ADG) and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to WKPS and WBR (p<0.05) while WBR exhibited the highest carcass yield percentage. WTHF showed significantly lower shear force values (p<0.001) and smaller muscle fiber cross-section area and fiber diameter, conversely the highest number of muscle fiber density (p<0.001) outperformed other groups. In terms of sensory attributes, including tenderness, juiciness, taste and overall acceptability (p<0.001). WTHF exhibited higher saturated fatty acid (SFA) levels (p<0.05), while WBR meat contained significantly higher oleic acid. All Wagyu crossbreeds exhibited higher monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) than saturated fatty acid (SFA) content. Crossbreeding Wagyu semen with local Thai cattle breeds significantly improved growth performance and meat quality, with distinct benefits across groups. WTHF excelled in tenderness and sensory attributes, while WBR demonstrated a favorable fatty acid profile. Wagyu crossbred with higher unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) content compared to saturated fatty acids (SFA), aligning with consumer preferences and market demands. These findings underscore the effectiveness of Wagyu crossbreeding in improving beef quality and meeting diverse consumer needs in tropical regions.

The objective of this study was to analyze the trends in ruminant products research (beef, goat, lamb, and milk) research, particularly conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) using intellectual and conceptual structures in bibliometric analysis. This study was conducted due to limited bibliometric articles despite the ongoing interest in the field. Data was extracted from the Scopus database and visualized using VOSviewer and the bibliometrix R package. The analysis was conducted on 2725 articles published between 2014-2024. The results indicate a decrease in the annual growth of publication in CLA research on ruminant products. Despite this decline, certain key journals persist in their role as primary references for CLA in ruminant products. The analysis revealed predominant topics such as fatty acids, meat quality, and biohydrogenation. However, certain emerging topics, including the application of particular feedstuffs and feed additives to boost fatty acids and CLA levels, have not been thoroughly investigated.