Methane (CH4) emission from paddy rice fields is a global concern; however, engineering plant spacing can decrease CH4 emission. Due to this, field research was conducted to measure CH4 emissions from rice fields planted using jarwo 2:1 spacing, which has a 25 × 12.5 cm and 50 cm for the plant-free area (PFA), compared to tegel, which has a spacing of 25 × 25 cm. Each field was treated with organic fertilizer (mixture of cow manure and neem compost in a ratio of 1:1) with one of four doses: 0, 3, 6 and 9 tons/ha. The results showed that chemical properties such as soluble-Fe, soil organic matter (SOM), soil acidity (pH), and redox potential (Eh) were significantly correlated with CH4 emissions (0.52***, 0.47**, 0.36*, and -0.27* respectively). Jarwo 2:1 had lower CH4 emissions than tegel on all doses of fertilizer. The most efficient dose of fertilizer was 3 tons/ha applied jarwo 2:1 because it was able to produce rice up to 12 tons/ha with CH4 emissions of only 34 kg/ha/season, while CH4 emissions in tegel was 39 kg/ha/season. It is concluded that jarwo 2:1 with 3 tons/ha organic fertilizers can be recommended to farmers because it produces lower CH4 emissions and higher rice yield.

Pertambahan penduduk, peningkatan kebutuhan energi individu, dan tekad Pemerintah Republik Indonesia untuk menjadi lumbung pangan dunia (LPD) pada tahun 2045 menyebabkan jumlah beras yang diperlukan meningkat. Kapasitas produksi beras Indonesia dapat ditingkatkan melalui pemanfaatan lahan rawa pasang surut, meskipun terkendala dengan sifat kimia dan kesuburan tanah terutama rendahnya kadar C-organik, dan kalsium. Langkah lain adalah penggunaan padi hibrida yang produktivitasnya lebih tinggi. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan di Desa Mulyasari, Kecamatan Pandih Batu, Kabupaten Pulang Pisau, Kalimantan Tengah pada musim hujan 2021, bertujuan menentukan kombinasi bahan amelioran untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi hibrida vaerietas Supadi di lahan rawa pasang surut tipe B. Perlakuan yang diuji meliputi dosis kapur (K): K0 (tanpa kapur), K1 (1,5 ton/ha), dan K2 (3,0 ton/ha) dan dosis pupuk organik (O): O0 (tanpa bahan organik), O1 (1,5 ton/ha), dan O2 (3,0 ton/ha) dengan kombinasi perlakuan K0O0 (kontrol); K0O1; K1O0; K1O1; K1O2; K2O1. Perlakuan ditata dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati: sifat kimia tanah sebelum perlakuan, tinggi tanaman (cm) dan jumlah anakan pada umur 30, 60 HST dan menjelang panen, panjang malai (cm), jumlah gabah isi per malai, bobot 1000 biji (g), dan produktivitas padi (ton/ha). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ameliorasi meningkatkan produktivitas padi hibrida. Produktivitas tertinggi 8,7 ton/ha) dihasilkan dari petak yang diberi kapur 3,0 ton/ha kapur dan 1,5 ton/ha pupuk organik.

Varieties and organic materials have a very important role to the flux of methane (CH4) on paddy cultivation, especially on wetlands. Purpose of this research to determine the amount of methane emissions that released from paddy cultivation in acid sulphate soils with the use of different varieties and paddy straw composting. Acid sulfate soil samples taken Experimental Farm Swampland Agricultural Research Center (BALITTRA), Tanjung Harapan, District Alalak, Barito Kuala, South Kalimantan. This research uses Randomized Complete Design of two factors. The first factor is the use of paddy varieties and the second factor is the use of paddy straw compost. Research shows that there is a very real interaction between the two factors. Treatment varieties Inpara 3 + without paddy straw compost releases CH4 flux most low at 0,030 mg.m-2.day-1, while treatment Inpari 30 + paddy straw compost 5 Mg. ha-1 release most CH4 flux is 0.571 mg. m-2.day-1.

Maintaining soil sustainability to increase and sustain land productivity can be achieved by minimizing synthetic fertilizers and maximizing organic fertilizers and biofertilizers, especially in suboptimal lands. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of organic fertilizers and biofertilizers with reduced NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphate, Potassium) dosage on increasing rice yield in tidal swamp areas in Tebas Sungai Village, West Kalimantan. The procedures were carried out using a complete randomized block design, with several treatments consisting of 175 kg ha-1 NPK as a control (P0), 130 kg ha-1 NPK + 1.5 tons ha-1 cow manure (P1), 130 kg ha-1 NPK + 3.0 tons ha-1 cow manure (P2), and 130 kg ha-1 NPK + 25 kg ha-1 biofertilizers (P3). Based on assessment, the study area was then categorized as C overflow type. The results showed that the combination of NPK synthetic fertilizers with cow manure led to a 15.1%, 25%, 5.6%, and 5.4% increase in total tillers, total grains per panicle, weight of 1000 grains, and rice yield, respectively. In addition, the use of NPK fertilizers with biofertilizers increased total tillers, total grains per panicle, weight of 1000 grains, and rice yield by 24.6%, 56%, 7.7%, and 18%, respectively, compared to only NPK fertilizers. Based on these results, improving rice performance in tidal swamp areas could be achieved by integrating organic or biofertilizers with synthetic fertilizers.

Cation exchangeable capacity (CEC) is a significant soil chemical property influencing the availability and exchange of cation nutrients in soils. This study aims to quantify the alterations in CEC of reclaimed mining soil (RMS) treated with oil palm bunches (OPB) and coal fly ash (CFA). The...

Air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions from the agricultural sector have become critical global concerns, prompting a shift toward more efficient, environmentally friendly cultivation practices in line with the Clean Air Indonesia agenda. One recommended innovation is the Jajar Legowo (Jarwo) 2:1 planting system; however, its adoption remains limited due to technical constraints in arranging planting distances. This community service program aimed to enhance farmers' capacity to implement the Jarwo 2:1 system by using a planting aid tool (caplak) in Bangkal Village. The methods included participatory surveys, socialization, training, tool demonstrations, and monitoring and evaluation using pre-test and post-test instruments. The results showed significant improvements in knowledge, attitudes, and readiness to adopt the technology. Before the intervention, 95% of participants had only general awareness of the Jarwo system, and none understood the function of the caplak tool. After the program, 100% of participants reported high levels of understanding, increased self-confidence, and strong intention to adopt the technology in the next planting season. All evaluation indicators achieved maximum gain scores, with an N-Gain value of approximately 1.00, indicating high effectiveness. In addition to improving farmers' capacity, implementing the Jarwo 2:1 system could reduce emissions by improving land management efficiency. This program was effective in promoting the adoption of sustainable agricultural innovation and supporting efforts to improve air quality.