This study was to investigate the impact of job satisfaction as the independent variable and the type of shift as the moderator variable on the sleep quality of female shift-working nurses. The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) short form and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used as evaluation tools. The subjects in the study were female shift-working nurses from teaching hospitals in northern Taiwan. A total of 178 valid questionnaires were recovered. A hierarchical multiple regression (HMR) was used to test for the moderating effect of shift type. The results demonstrated that there was a negative correlation between the total score for general job satisfaction and the Global PSQI scores. The Global PSQI scores were higher for nurses working night shifts than for those working day and evening shifts. HMR showed significant variances in the interaction between general job satisfaction of female shift-working nurses and the day/night shift as well as the evening/night shift. The type of shift had a moderating effect on the ways in which general job satisfaction impacts sleep quality. Furthermore, the moderating effect of night shift on the impact of job satisfaction on sleep quality was weaker in nurses working the night shift.

The objective of this study was to understand the influence of rotating shifts and fixed night shifts on the sleep quality of nurses using a systematic literature review and meta-analysis and to determine whether the sleep quality of nurses working rotating shifts or fixed night shifts differs from that of nurses working fixed day shifts. We conducted a meta-analysis on literature that had used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to gauge sleep quality and had been published between 2000 and 2020 in the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PubMed databases. This study was conducted in accordance with PRISMA, and the quality of the literature was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross Sectional Studies. CMA 3.0 was employed for data analysis, and meta-regression analysis was conducted to examine the differences between the PSQI scores of nurses working fixed day shifts and those working rotating shifts or fixed night shifts. Following assessment, a total of 29 papers (34 items of data) were analyzed. The papers included a total of 3,935 nurses who worked fixed day shifts, 3,777 nurses who worked rotating shifts, and 1,559 nurses who worked fixed night shifts. Our subgroup analysis indicated that the sleep quality of nurses working rotating shifts was poorer than the sleep quality of nurses working fixed day shifts; the standardized mean difference (SMD) was 0.38 (95% CI: 0.24–0.52, p< .001), and the meta-regression analysis found that the difference in sleep quality between nurses over 40 years old working rotating shifts and those working fixed day shifts was significantly smaller than the difference in sleep quality between nurses 40 years old or younger working rotating shifts and those working fixed day shifts (β = −0.368, p= .011). The sleep quality of nurses working fixed night shifts was also poorer than the sleep quality of nurses working fixed day shifts; the SMD was 0.58 (95% CI: 0.38–0.78, p< .001), and the meta-regression analysis revealed that the difference in sleep quality between nurses over 40 years old working fixed night shifts and those working fixed day shifts was not significantly different from the difference in sleep quality between nurses 40 years old or younger working fixed night shifts and those working fixed day shifts (β = −0.118, p= .608). This meta-analysis found that both nurses working rotating shifts and those working fixed night shifts had poorer sleep quality than those working fixed day shifts and that age influenced the difference in sleep quality only between nurses working rotating shifts and those working fixed day shifts; the difference in sleep quality between nurses 40 years old or younger working rotating shifts and those working fixed day shifts was greater than the difference in sleep quality between nurses over 40 years old working rotating shifts and those working fixed day shifts.

Objectives Work‐related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are common occupational injuries for nurses. Furthermore, rotating and irregular shift work may exacerbate muscle tension and pain in nurses. The objective of this study was to examine the differences between fixed day shift (FDS) nurses and rotating and irregular shift (RS + IS) nurses in WMSDs using a systematic literature review and meta‐analysis. Methods Databases including PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant studies published between 2010 and 2020 using the target keywords. Results This study obtained data on a total of 18 199 nurses, among which 12 786 comprised the RS + IS group and 5413 constituted the FDS group. The result of the heterogeneity test was Q = 79.27 (P < .001) and I squared = 57.11%, indicating that heterogeneity existed among the studies. Subgroup analyses were also conducted with four groups: neck pain (n = 1818), shoulder and upper limb pain (n = 2525), back pain (n = 11 962), and hip and lower limb pain (n = 1894). Significant differences were found between the RS + IS group and the FDS group with regard to back pain, with the forest plot presenting an odds ratio equaling 1.40 (95% CI: 1.19–1.64, P < .001). Conclusions This meta‐analysis indicated that RS + IS nurses are more likely to experience back pain associated with WMSD than are FDS nurses. The results can serve as a reference to the clinical management for work improvement and thereby reduce or prevent the adverse effects of rotating and irregular shift work on back pain experienced by nurses.

Background: Preclinical tests in animals have shown that ginger extract can be used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV); however, research findings in clinical trials have not been conclusive. Objective: Through this meta-analysis, we aimed to determine whether ginger could be used to treat CINV, which was interpreted using the PICOS (patient, problem/population, intervention, comparison, outcome, study) framework, with P being patients who underwent chemotherapy; I being 0.5 to 2.0 g/d of Zingiberaceae, Zintoma, dry ginger, ginger capsules, powdered ginger root, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, ginger extract, powdered ginger, 6-gingerol, or shogalos; C being placebo or standard care; and O being the relief, reduction, or improvement of CINV. Method: Via systematic literature review, we searched for studies in English from 2000 to 2017 in databases. We conducted a meta-analysis using Comprehensive Meta-analysis 2 on a total of 10 studies with complete data. Results: The odds ratio (OR) of ginger in controlling CINV was 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54–0.94; P = .015). Heterogeneity existed among the samples; therefore, we proceeded with a subgroup analysis and divided nausea and vomiting into acute or delayed. The results revealed that ginger could only reduce acute CINV in patients (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.42–0.86; P = .006), particularly acute vomiting (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.37–0.94; P = .025). Conclusions: Ginger displayed significant efficacy with regard to controlling CINV in the experimental groups. Implications for Practice: Our results could provide a reference for antiemetic methods to treat CINV and facilitate support for more clinical trials in the future to establish relevant guidelines.

Female nurses working rotating shifts must change their daily routines often, which affects their biological circadian rhythms and could cause sleep disorders and fatigue. The objective of this study was to compare the sleep-wake rhythms, sleep quality, and fatigue of female nurses working rotating shifts and fixed day shifts and to analyze the factors that influence their fatigue. Participants comprised a shift worker group of 101 nurses and a day worker group of 76 nurses. Following the collection of basic information of the nurses and their scores in the various constructs of the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS) questionnaire, each nurse wore an actigraph for seven consecutive days to collect for analysis the sleep-wake rhythm parameter dichotomy index (I < O) and durations of continuous sleep and wake. Multivariable linear regression was then used to determine whether the influence of various variables on fatigue differed between the two groups. Results revealed that the sleep-wake rhythm parameter I < O of the day worker group was significantly higher than that of the shift worker group (t = 5.08, p < .001). The shift worker group exhibited significantly higher PSQI global scores (t = −2.00, p = .047), longer total sleep time (t = 2.07, p = .040), poorer habitual sleep efficiency (t = −3.06, p = .003), and greater use of sleeping medication (t = −2.90, p = .004) than did the day worker group. Multivariable linear regression was performed to analyze the important predictors of the CIS score in the two groups with body mass index, age, work experience, marital status, educational background, department of employment, shift type at the time of recruitment, sleep-wake rhythm parameter I < O, and quality of sleep as independent variables. Results indicated that in the shift worker group, the overall explanatory power (R²) of the multivariable linear regression model was 22.9% (F = 3.01, p = .003), and only the PSQI global score (β = 0.33, p = .003) influenced the CIS score. In the day worker group, the various variables did not influence the CIS score in the multivariable linear regression model. Although the female nurses working rotating shifts spent more time in bed, their sleep-wake rhythms and sleep quality were poorer than those of the day worker group. Furthermore, the sleep quality of female nurses in the shift worker group had a significant impact on their fatigue. In other words, for female nurses who must work rotating shifts, sleep quality determines whether fatigue can be reduced. The shift-working nurses themselves should implement sleep management, such as avoiding disruptions to their sleep-wake rhythm and improving sleep quality, which should be effective strategies to reduce fatigue.