This article describes a two-dimensional steady laminar boundary layer flow and heat mass transfer caused by a non-Newtonian nanofluid due to a horizontally stretching sheet. The non-dimensional parameters take into consideration and regulate the effects of convective boundary condition, slip velocity, Brownian motion, thermophoresis and viscous dissipation. The thermal radiation, which affects the flow’s thermal conductivity and the nanofluid’s variable viscosity are also taken into consideration. We propose that a hot fluid could exist beneath the stretching sheet’s bottom surface, which could aid in warming the surface via convection. The physical boundary conditions are non-dimensionalized, as are the governing transport set of nonlinear partial differential equations. By using the shooting approach, numerical values for dimensionless velocity, temperature and nanoparticle concentration are achieved. Distributions of velocity, temperature and concentration are plotted against a number of newly important governing factors, and the outcomes are then provided in accordance with those graphs. Additionally, the local skin-friction coefficient, the local Sherwood number and the local Nusselt number are discussed in order to further clarify and thoroughly explain the current problem. In order to validate the numerical results, comparisons are made with previously published data in the literature. There is a really good accord. Additionally, the current work has implications in the nanofluid applications.

The heat and mass transfer in magnetized non-Newtonian Williamson nanofluid flow, saturated by gyrotactic microorganisms due to a stretched sheet, is debated here. The rough sheet is subjected to uniform heat flux, and its velocity is proportional to its distance from the slit. Nanofluid viscosity and thermal conductivity are temperature-dependent, but microbe diffusivity and Brownian motion are concentration-dependent. Through similarity transformation, the system of modeled equations is reduced to dimensionless differential equations. We employed the shooting approach in conjunction with the Runge–Kutta scheme to obtain a solution for the physical model. For various combinations of the controlling parameters, some numerical results are found. When the generated results are compared to the existing literature, the highest settlement is found. According to numerical results, the skin-friction coefficient rises as the magnetic field and thermal conductivity parameters rise, while the opposite tendency is observed for both the slip velocity and viscosity parameters.

The reasons why the model of non-Newtonian nanofluids is more applicable than other models, particularly those that take the porous medium into account, are studied here. Thus, we looked at the heat and mass transfer features of a non-Newtonian Williamson nanofluid flow due to a stretched sheet under the impact of chemical reactions, slip velocity, viscous dissipation, and the magnetic field in this article. The main focus is on a situation in which the properties of Williamson nanofluid, such as viscosity and thermal conductivity, change with temperature. After utilizing the shooting technique, a numerical solution to the suggested problem is provided. As a result, several graphs have been drawn to highlight how various physical characteristics that arise in the problems affect velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles. It was discovered that the heat and mass transmission processes are affected by the viscous dissipation phenomena, the slip velocity assumption, and the magnetic field. Theoretical and numerical results show a high level of qualitative agreement.

Theoretical and numerical analysis are employed in this study to explore the characteristics of Maxwell squeezed nanofluid flow over a sensor surface, accounting for both the effects of viscous dissipation and an external magnetic field. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of these two factors on the behavior of the nanofluid as it traverses the sensor surface, with a specific emphasis on the modifications in its physical properties, including thermal conductivity and viscosity. In this study, the theoretical analysis relies on the Navier-Stokes equations and Maxwell's equations, which are numerically solved using a shooting method. According to the findings, the applied magnetic field and viscous dissipation have a notable influence on the nanofluid's physical properties and flow characteristics. The magnetic field induces greater alignment and concentration of nanoparticles in the nanofluid, leading to alterations in the fluid's thermal conductivity and viscosity. The impacts of viscous dissipation are likewise observed to be significant, resulting in a considerable elevation in the fluid temperature as a result of the frictional forces between the fluid and the sensor surface. The values for drag coefficient, heat transfer, and mass transfer rate are organized in a table. Some significant findings were observed in this study, which indicate that the viscosity parameter, the squeezed flow index, and magnetic parameter contribute to a reduction in the temperature distribution across the boundary layer region. Conversely, the thermal conductivity parameter and Eckert number show the opposite trend, resulting in an increase in temperature distribution. Furthermore, the novelty of this investigation can be accentuated by analyzing the flow of squeezed Maxwell nanofluid due to a sensor surface based on the Buongiorno concept. This analysis takes into account external magnetic fields, variable thermal conductivity assumptions, and the phenomenon of viscous dissipation.

This article’s goal was to explain how chemical reaction and viscous dissipation affect a non-Newtonian Cross-fluid in a boundary layer flow due to a stretching sheet with variable fluid properties. The results were obtained after assuming laminar, steady, and viscous flow characteristics. In this study, the analysis took into account the characteristics of the fluid variable diffusivity and slip velocity. It was considered that fluid viscosity and thermal conductivity are temperaturedependent variables. Because of their mobility, non-Newtonian fluid particles are thought to interact chemically. The physical problem is governed by a set of partial differential equations that are not linear. Anumerical solution was reached usingNewton’s shooting methodology and the Runge–Kutta integration technique. A set of figures displays the distributions of the temperature, concentration, and velocity at various physical parameter values. The influence of all physical parameters is shown in tabular form together with the local Sherwood number, drag force, and local Nusselt number. A key conclusion was that the temperature profile of the nanofluid increases as the mixed convection parameter and Eckert number rise. Furthermore, both the Sherwood number and the Nusselt number decreased as the slip velocity parameter increased. Last but not least, the results proved that the suggested numerical approach, which offers a reliable description of the flow and heat mass transfer mechanism, is effective.