Background/Objectives: Breastfeeding is the best source of food for newborns. Leading health organizations recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life, followed by the gradual introduction of complementary foods. Evidence shows that breastfeeding offers numerous benefits for newborns, mothers, society as a whole, and the environment. Current breastfeeding rates fall below the established recommendations. This study aims to describe breastfeeding rates at hospital discharge and one month postpartum, analyze fluctuations in feeding types during this period, and identify any characteristics, preventive factors, and barriers to breastfeeding and mixed feeding. Methods: This is a multicenter observational study in the North Metropolitan area of Barcelona, with 411 participants surveyed by midwives. Results: In total, 79% of women were exclusively breastfeeding, 14% practiced mixed breastfeeding, and 7% used formula feeding at hospital discharge. At one month postpartum, these rates fluctuated to 64%, 23%, and 13%, respectively. Factors such as older age, having a university education, having 16 weeks of parental leave, and having a foreign-born status were positively associated with exclusive breastfeeding, while mental illness was associated with a lower prevalence. The use of breastfeeding accessories was not significantly associated with fluctuations in feeding type, but it was associated with maintaining mixed feeding. Conclusions: It is essential to implement individual and community interventions, educate healthcare professionals on factors that hinder breastfeeding, and promote workplace policies that support breastfeeding.

The website Sexe Joves is a website on sexuality of the Department of Health of the Government of Catalonia (Spain). This study aims to understand the experiences and opinions of people aged 14 to 25 regarding this website, taking into account sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status and location within Catalonia (urban, semiurban and rural areas). With the objective of improving the website and adpating the resources allocated to it, this study evaluates whether this population is familiar with it and uses it, as well as the website’s usability and accessibility (digital equity), usefulness and the relevance of its content. A parallel convergent triangulation design is used: a qualitative study using a social constructivist perspective, and an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional quantitative study. We conduct a discourse analysis of participants and use an “ad hoc” questionnaire to collect quantitative data. A descriptive analysis of all variables is carried out. Affective-sexual education aimed at young people must stem from their participation and the whole range of sexual and gender diversity in order to reach the entire population equally. This analysis will contribute to the design of new strategies for the wesbite Sexe Joves, a public health resource, in order to improve affective-sexual education for young people.

Background: Breastfeeding mothers have an increased demand for nutrients, including increased intake of certain nutrients, and are recommended to consume a theoretical 500 extra kilocalories (kcal), follow a varied diet, and increase protein, carbohydrate, omega-3, iron, and vitamin D intake. Objectives: We sought to analyze mothers’ energy and nutrient intake and food habits during the postpartum period 6 weeks after delivery and to identify whether there are any differences between breastfeeding and non-breastfeeding mothers. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, multicenter observational study at seven sexual and reproductive healthcare centers in the Metropolitan North area of Barcelona (Spain). The sample comprised 393 women who responded to an infant feeding questionnaire and 24 h diet recall (24 HR). We used frequencies and medians for descriptive analysis as well as the chi-squared and Kruskal–Wallis tests for the bivariate analysis. Results: Mean energy intake was lower than the recommendations in 57% of participants. Mothers who exclusively breastfed consumed a median of 201 kcal more than non-breastfeeding mothers, although this was not significant. The intake of fatty acids and micronutrients, such as iron, calcium, magnesium, and especially vitamin D, was insufficient. Breastfeeding mothers consumed significantly more polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (p = 0.0297): 15.4 g vs. 12.7 g per day. Conclusions: There are no significant differences between the diet of breastfeeding and non-breastfeeding women, except for PUFA intake. A general insufficient intake of the analyzed micronutrients was observed. Educational campaigns and dietary guidance from health professionals are a priority.

Background: The effectiveness of the educational intervention on breastfeeding was shown in previous studies. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a multimodal educational and support intervention on exclusive breastfeeding rates from a holistic point of view. We will study the environmental impacts of three feeding types (exclusive breastfeeding, mixed and formula feeding), including accessories used, as well as the mother's diet and other relevant factors to reduce the carbon footprint. Methods: This is a prospective multicenter intervention study (Phase II of the GREEN MOTHER project) that will last from 24 weeks of pregnancy until 4-6 weeks after birth, with additional observations of feeding types at 1, 3, 4 and 6 months. The results on rates of different lactation types and duration together with environmental impacts associated to diet and feeding will be compared between 2 groups: 1) an experimental group, which will receive a multimodal educational and support intervention on healthy and sustainable nutrition and breastfeeding, and environmental impacts associated with both; and 2) a control group, which will receive standard educational courses and care. This project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Jordi Gol i Gurina University Institute Foundation for Primary Health Care Research (IDIAP) under code 22/101-P dated 22/02/2023. Discussion: To increase awareness of the environmental impacts of different types of lactation and mother’s diet will be disseminated among relevant professionals and stakeholders: community health worker associations and the general public.

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended as healthier and more sustainable than formula feeding. It produces less waste, requires fewer resources, and has a smaller environmental impact. Breastfeeding has some environmental impact related to increased maternal dietary needs and the use of feeding accessories. In light of the global climate emergency and suboptimal breastfeeding rates, targeted interventions are urgently needed to promote sustainable infant feeding practices. There are few studies that evaluate sustainability interventions in the postpartum period. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational and counseling intervention on breastfeeding and healthy maternal nutrition from an environmental perspective. Methods: A multicenter prospective intervention study is being conducted in 2 cohorts in primary care centers and hospitals in the north metropolitan area of Barcelona. The control group received standard obstetric care. The experimental group additionally received an educational intervention and health care support on breastfeeding and healthy and sustainable maternal nutrition. Pregnant women were monitored from 24 weeks of gestation to 6 months post partum. The rates of different types of breastfeeding, the women’s diet, and the associated environmental impacts (climate change and water footprint) will be analyzed to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. Results: The development of the educational and counseling intervention has been completed, including the creation of the Guide to Good Practices in Breastfeeding, Nutrition, and Sustainability. Health care professionals received targeted training. Recruitment of pregnant women was conducted from December 2023 to December 2024. Prenatal education sessions and specialized care pathways were designed and implemented. Breastfeeding-friendly spaces were adapted to support the participating centers. Data collection for monitoring breastfeeding practices, maternal diet, and environmental impact indicators (carbon footprint and water footprint), with the follow-up period of 6 months post partum, was extended until September 2025, with a complementary missing data collection in October 2025. Data cleaning for final analysis is expected to conclude by January 2026. This study hypothesizes that mothers who receive higher levels of education and counseling support will (1) breastfeed for a longer duration, (2) adopt healthier and more sustainable dietary practices, and (3) reduce environmental impacts associated with both infant feeding accessories and dietary choices. Conclusions: We expect an increase in the incidence and prevalence rates of breastfeeding and a shift toward a healthy and sustainable diet with low environmental impact. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05729581; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05729581 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/80358