In this article, the Ni-TiN coatings deposited on the surface of Q235 steel substrate via a magnetic-assisted electrodeposition approach. The surface morphology, Ti content, phase structure, and corrosion resistance of Ni-TiN coatings were investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a transmission electron microscopy (TEM), an energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS), an X-ray diffraction (XRD) instrument, and electrochemical workstation facility, respectively. SEM images showed that the surface morphology and thickness value of Ni-TiN coatings prepared at 0.7 T were superior to those obtained at 0.3 T and 1.1 T. EDS and adhesion strength results presented that the Ti content and adhesion strength of Ni-TiN coatings was lower than those produced at 0.7 T and 1.1 T. Meanwhile, Ni-TiN coatings prepared at 0.7 T possessed the highest hardness of 817.3 Hv. XRD patterns exhibited the nickel diffraction peaks of the Ni-TiN coatings fabricated at 0.7 T were broad and low, demonstrating that the size of nickel grain was fine. In comparison to other two Ni-TiN coatings, the one manufactured at 0.7 T possessed a high corrosion potential and a low corrosion current density, illustrating its outstanding corrosion resistance. Corrosion surface morphology revealed that the obvious corrosion pits emerged on the surface of Ni-TiN coatings deposited at 0.3 T, while the obvious corrosion pits were not appeared on the surface of Ni-TiN coatings manufactured at 0.7 T. In addition, the average corrosive weight loss of Ni-TiN coatings prepared at 0.7 T possessed the lowest of 7.2 mg, indicating the excellent corrosion resistance.

In order to study nozzle angle on the abrasion resistance of nickel-titanium carbide (Ni-TiC) composites, the jet electrodeposited Ni-TiC composite coating was fabricated at nozzle angles of 30°, 45° and 60°. The jet velocity and kinetic energy of the electrolyte at different nozzle angles within the given range of 30°–60° were simulated by means of COMSOL software. Additionally, the surface morphology, phase structure, and abrasion resistance of the Ni-TiC composites prepared at various jet angles were investigated using a scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and a friction-abrasion testing machine, respectively. The simulation results indicated that at a nozzle angle of 45°, the jet speed and spraying pressure of the electrolyte were 3.17 m/s and 3.18 × 10⁴ Pa, respectively. The Ni-TiC composites fabricated at nozzle angle of 45° had dense and smooth surface morphology with uniform distribution of TiC nanoparticles. Furthermore, at this nozzle angle, the composite demonstrated the smallest nanoparticle size (60.8 nm) and the highest TiC content (4.82 wt%). These findings confirm that the nozzle angle plays a crucial role in the distribution and incorporation of TiC nanoparticles, directly influencing the abrasion resistance of the composite. Notably, the Ni-TiC composite deposited at 45° exhibited the lowest friction coefficient and minimal mass loss, confirming its superior abrasion resistance.