Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant intracranial tumour with intrinsic infiltrative characteristics, which could lead to most patients eventually relapse. The prognosis of recurrent GBM patients remains unsatisfactory. Cancer cell infiltration and their interaction with the tumour microenvironment (TME) could promote tumour recurrence and treatment resistance. In our study, we aimed to identify potential tumour target correlated with rGBM microenvironment based on the gene expression profiles and clinical information of rGBM patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. LRRC15 gene with prognostic value was screened by univariate and multivariate analysis, and the correlation between macrophages and LRRC15 was identified as well. Furthermore, the prognosis correlation and immune characteristics of LRRC15 were validated using the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database and our clinical tissues by immunochemistry assay. Additionally, we utilized the transwell assay and carboxy fluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) tracking to further confirm the effects of LRRC15 on attracting microglia/macrophages and tumour cell proliferation in the TME. Gene profiles‐based rGBM microenvironment identified that LRRC15 could act in collusion with microglia/macrophages in the rGBM microenvironment to promote the poor prognosis, especially in mesenchymal subtype, indicating the strategies of targeting LRRC15 to improve macrophages‐based immunosuppressive effects could be promising for rGBM treatments.

Thermally processed food always contains various types of harmful substances. Control of their levels in food is important for human health. This work used the extracts from green tea dust, old green tea, yellow tea, white tea, oolong tea, and black tea to simultaneously mitigate diverse harmful substances in fried potato chips. The six tea extracts (30 g/L) all showed considerable inhibitory effects on the formation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (reduced by 19.8%–53.2%), glyoxal (26.9%–36.6%), and methylglyoxal (16.1%–75.1%). Green tea and black tea extracts exhibited better inhibitory abilities than the other three teas and were further investigated for other harmful compounds by various concentration treatments. Finally, pre-soaking of fresh potato slices in 50 g/L extracts of green tea dust displayed, overall, the most promising inhibitory capacity of HMF (decreased by 73.3%), glyoxal (20.3%), methylglyoxal (69.7%), acrylamide (21.8%), and fluorescent AGEs (42.9%) in fried potato chips, while it exhibited the least impact on the color and texture. The high level of catechins in green tea dust may contribute most to its outstanding inhibitory effect, whereas the distinguished inhibitory effect of black tea extract was speculated to be attributable to the high levels of theaflavins and amino acids in the fully fermented tea. This study indicated that green tea dust, a predominant waste of the tea industry, had great potential to be exploited to improve food quality and safety.

Pesticides are widely used to maintain tea yields. For achieving satisfactory effects on pests, multiple pesticides in a low application dose have been the trend at present. In this study, we investigated the dissipation and dietary risk assessment of thiacloprid and tolfenpyrad. A method for the determination of thiacloprid and tolfenpyrad was developed. The recoveries ranged from 73% to 105% with standard deviations between 0.7% and 8.3%. Limits of quantification were 0.01 mg/kg for both pesticides. Field trials were conducted in China in 2021. The half-lives were in ranges of 3.22 to 8.45 days for thiacloprid and 2.91 to 10.50 days for tolfenpyrad. The terminal residues were in the range of 0.04–2.55 mg/kg for thiacloprid and <0.01–4.00 mg/kg for tolfenpyrad, respectively. Finally, a dietary risk assessment was conducted representing the acceptable risk of the two pesticides, which of ratios were all less than 100%. The safe pre-harvest interval of 14 days was suggested. This study can serve as a guide for the rational application of thiacloprid and tolfenpyrad in tea, which also ensures the safety of human health.