A new dammarane triterpene named mauritic acid (1) was isolated from the roots of Mauritia flexuosa L.f. The complete structural assignment of this new compound was elucidated from spectroscopic methods. Moreover, this compound was evaluated for its cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines (OVCAR-8, PCM3, NCIH358M and different leukaemia cell strains). The mauritic acid presented significant cytotoxicity against OVCAR-8, PCM3 and NCIH358M cell lines with IC₅₀ 3.02, 2.39 and 6.19 μM, respectively. The triterpenes 1 and 2 were also tested for their antimicrobial activity against 15 strains of microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria, with the best minimal inhibitory concentration values ranging from 50.8 to 203.5 μM.

Essential oils from the leaves, twigs and barks of Bocageopsis pleiosperma Maas were obtained by using hydrodistillation and analysed by using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Several compounds (51) were detected and identified, being β-bisabolene the main component in all aerial parts of the plant, with higher concentration in the leaves (55.77%), followed by barks (38.53%) and twigs (34.37%). In order to increase the biological knowledge about the essential oil of Bocageopsis species, antimicrobial activities were evaluated against the microorganisms Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Candida tropicalis, Candida dubliniensis, Candida glabrata and Candida albicans. The essential oil obtained from the barks exhibited a moderate effect against S. epidermidis ATCC 1228 (MIC = 250 μg/mL), while the other oils did not exhibit antimicrobial activity. These results represent the first report about the chemical composition of B. pleiosperma and the first antimicrobial evaluation with a Bocageopsis species.

Essential oils from Amazonian species are gaining increasing interest worldwide due to their medicinal and cosmetic applications; however, the relation among the chemical constituents and their biological properties are not well explored. Therefore, the present research aims to obtain an understanding of the bioactivity of chemical compounds in the essential oils of plants from the Annonaceae family (Bocageopsis pleiosperma, Onychopetalum amazonicum, Unonopsis duckei, U. floribunda, U. rufescens, U.stipitata, U. guatterioides, Duguetia flagellaris and Xylopia benthamii). By means of gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, in vitro cytotoxic and anti-lipase assays, principal component analysis and molecular docking, it was possible to establish the main compounds that may be responsible for the cytotoxic effect of O. amazonicum and B. pleiosperma. Moreover, the anti-lipase potential of D. flagellaris was also established, as well as its composition related to the activity. Thus, by the employed strategy, allo-aromadendrene, cryptomerione, δ-cadinene and β-bisabolene were suggested as plausible cytotoxic agents against cancer cell lines, and dehydroaromadendrene, spathulenol and elemol, against lipase. The present study provides significant information on the chemical profile and bioactivity studies of Amazon Annonaceae aromatic plants.

Kalanchoe pinnata formerly known as Bryophyllum pinnatum , is a herbaceous species native to tropical regions such as Africa. In Brazil, it was successfully introduced and propagated, being commonly used in communities far from large capitals. The juice of the leaves is usually used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, gastric ulcers, burns, diarrhea , vomiting, insect bites and body aches. In the literature, compounds such as anthocyanins and flavonoids are reported that have different biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, antitumor, antiparasitic, antiallergic and hepatoprotective . Based on this information and considering that there are few studies on the chemical compounds of K. pinnata in Amazonas , especially in regions farther from the capital, such as in the municipality of Tabatinga. The present work aimed to determine the chemical profile of the fractions of the crude extract of K. pinnata native to the municipality of Tabatinga - AM. For this, plant material was collected from a local producer in the municipality of Tabatinga. Then the leaves were subjected to an extraction by infusion. Soon after, the crude extract obtained was fractionated with hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate. The resulting fractions were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) at wavelength λ=254 nm and, using the information available in the literature, it was possible to establish a relationship between the compound quercetin 3- O -α-L- arabinopyranosyl - (1→2)-α-L- rhamnopyranoside , as responsible for the chromatographic peaks observed in the hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions. Thus, the present study will serve as a basis for future work on the characterization of chemical compounds present in K. pinnata from the municipality of Tabatinga.

Medicinal plants are natural products used since ancient times, and the knowledge regarding their properties and use is transferred from one generation to the next. Many people continue to consume this natural product, which has made this means of treatment relevant in the eyes of researchers. The search for this learning using the collection of information as a source is increasingly growing, thus allowing to study their properties, their therapeutic powers, and active principles. For this reason, this work aimed to collect, analyze and record information about the level of knowledge of the population about pre-established medicinal plants, their origin, the form of use and the pharmacological effects of these species cultivated in the municipality of Tefé-Amazonas, Brazil. The collection of information took place through an interview, which contained questions regarding the plants: pobre-velho (Costus spicatus), escada de jabuti (Bauhinia rutilans), mucuracaá (Petiveira alliacea), sucuuba (Himatantuhs sucuuba) and panquelé (Piper amapens). The data collected had satisfactory results where it was observed that a large part of the population knows and makes use of the plants mentioned and often the same plant is used for different pathologies. Another relevant point is that some plants are known with different names, and many people did not recognize them by the names mentioned, which made the answers of the interviews inaccurate at times, however, did not compromise the results. Therefore, the knowledge of the population has great relevance for the enrichment of knowledge about natural products, where many scholars are able to discover and develop products that are essential for curing, treating or preventing diseases that are often referred to as irremediable.