Introduction: Human papillomavirus infections are the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease among women worldwide. Cervical cancer is the second-most frequent disease worldwide in terms of incidence and mortality, and it is primarily responsible for fatalities in low- to middle-income nations, including Ethiopia. Objective: To assess awareness, acceptance, and associated factors of the human papillomavirus vaccine among parents of daughters in the Hadiya zone, southern Ethiopia. Methods: From November to December 2021, a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Hadiya zone among parents with daughters in the zone. The study respondents were chosen using a two-stage sampling technique from parents with a 9–14-year-old daughter. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. For analysis, the data were entered into Epidata version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25. Variables with a p-value less than 0.25 in the bivariate analysis were transferred to multivariable analysis. A logistic regression model was applied to forecast the association between the predictor and outcome variables. Statistical significance was considered at a 0.05 p-value. Results: The study showed that the overall acceptance of parents to vaccinate their daughters with HPV vaccination was 450 (84.9%). Parents of daughters of male sex (AOR: 0.407; 95%CI: 0.221, 0.748), who had only one daughter (AOR: 2.122; 95%CI: 1.221, 3.685), whose daughter(s) attended a government school (AOR: 0.476; 95%CI: 0.263, 0.861), who had poor knowledge (AOR: 0.532; 95%CI: 0.293, 0.969) and who had a negative attitude (AOR: 0.540; 95%CI: 0.299, 0.977) were discovered to have a strong correlation. Conclusion: This study found that there was a high level of parental acceptance; attitudes and knowledge about the HPV vaccine are significant in determining their intentions to vaccinate their daughter. Authorities in high-risk areas for cervical cancer incidence should plan and implement strategies by providing health information regarding human papillomavirus vaccination with an emphasis on raising community awareness.

Background: Food taboos are customs that prevent certain foods and beverages from being consumed within a society for religious and cultural reasons. Due to the restriction of essential foods and beverages, it has a significant negative health impact on pregnant women and offspring. However, there is a lack of data regarding Ethiopian food taboos practices in general and in this study area particularly. Objective: To assess the magnitude of food taboos practice and associated factors among pregnant women in Dr. Bogalech Gebre memorial general Hospital, Durame Town, Southern Ethiopia. Materials and Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 pregnant women from August 1 to 30, 2022 by using systematic sampling techniques. Data were entered into epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 26 for further analysis. Statistical significance was declared at a P-value < 0.05 with a 95% Confidence level. Results: From the total 422 pregnant mothers, 54.5% (95% CI 49.90–59.20) of them encounter food taboos practice at least for one food item. The age group of pregnant mothers was 25–34 years [AOR = 0.48, 95% CI (0.28–0.84)]; the number of family size was 4–6 were [AOR = 0.42, 95% CI (0.19–0.88)]. Previous antenatal care [AOR = 1.64, 95% CI (1.02–2.66)], change feeding habit [AOR = 1.52, 95% CI (1.02–2.33)], and nausea and vomiting during pregnancy [AOR = 1.83, 95% CI (1.16–2.91)] were significantly associated with food taboos practice. Conclusion: The magnitude of food taboos practice among pregnant women was public health problems. Age, family size, previous antenatal care follow-up, changing feeding habits, and nausea and vomiting during pregnancy were found to be factors affecting food taboos practice.

Background Obstetric fistula is one of the most shocking medical disabilities that women face as a result of problems caused by a lack of surgical intervention. Methods From January 2011 to February 2017, a retrospective analysis was undertaken on obstetric fistula participants who received undergone surgical repair at the Jimma University Medical Center. Results 81.4% of fistula patients were reported to have recovered. The results of lognormal inverse-Gaussian frailty model revealed that weight ≥50kg (Ф= 0.86, 95% CI: 0.747, 0.99), divorced (Ф=1.2, 95% CI: 1.028, 1.413), urban residence (Ф= 1.56, 95% CI: 01.046, 2.317), urine incontinence >3 months (Ф=1.2, 95% CI: 1.056, 1.371), no antenatal care (Ф=1.189, 95% CI:1.023, 1.382), duration of labor <2days (Ф= 0.86, 95% CI: 0.758, 0.986), health center delivery (Ф= 0.76, 95% CI: 0.576, 0.989), vaginal delivery (Ф= 1.5, 95% CI: 1.125, 1.996), and partially damaged urethra (Ф=1.59, 95% CI: 1.168, 2.166) and recto-vaginal fistula(Ф= 0.735, 95%CI: 0.6045, 0.894) were associated with the recovery time. Conclusion Patients with a weight < 50 kg, delivery at a health center, labor lasting <2 days, urinary incontinence lasting <3 months, antenatal care follow-up, cesarean section delivery, urethra status not damaged, and recto-vaginal fistula had a faster recovery period.

Background: Complementary feeding is a critical period for child development and normal nutritional status, playing a vital role in the prevention of malnutrition and related health issues. However, poor hygiene practices during this phase can lead to foodborne diseases and inadequate nutrient intake.Objective: To assess poor hygienic practice related to complementary feeding and associated factors among mothers of children aged 6–23 months in Lemo District, 2023.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2023, utilizing a systematic sampling technique. A total of 402 mother–child pairs were randomly selected for participation. Data were collected using a pretested and structured questionnaire and then entered into Epi-Data version 4.6. The data were subsequently exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. In the multivariable binary logistic regression analysis, variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were deemed to be statistically significant.Results: The prevalence of poor hygienic practices related to complementary feeding among mothers of children aged 6–23 months was found to be 65%. Factors significantly associated with poor hygienic practices of complementary feeding was the absence of a separate kitchen [AOR = 3.17, 95% CI: (1.32, 7.59)], lack of access to a protected source of drinking water [AOR = 8.17, 95% CI: (3.06, 18.7)], and lack of access to media [AOR = 2.12, 95% CI: (1.25, 3.6)].Conclusion: The study revealed a significant prevalence of inadequate hygienic practices in the context of complementary feeding among mothers. Factors that were identified as significant contributors to the observed poor hygienic practices includes the absence of separate kitchen, unprotected source of drinking water, and a lack of exposure to media.