In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Phyllotreta striolata (Coleoptera, Chrysomeloidea, Chrysomelidae) was first determined. The complete genome is 15,689 bp in length. It contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and a control region (A + T-rich region). The gene organization, nucleotide composition, and codon usage are similar to other Chrysomelidae mitogenomes. The overall nucleotide composition was 39.90% A, 35.94% T, 15.27% C, and 8.89% G, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis both highly supported that P. striolata showed a close relationship with P. undulata. The measure of complete mitogenome sequence of P. striolata will provide fundamental data for the phylogenetic and biogeographic studies of the Chrysomeloidea and Coleoptera.

The genus Ismarus Haliday are rarely collected parasitoids in the small family Ismaridae. In this study, two new species are described from China’s Yunnan Province: Ismarus robustus Chen & Yan, sp. nov. and Ismarus unisulcus Chen & Yan, sp. nov. An updated key to the Chinese species of the genus is provided.

Paddy–upland rotation systems are widely adopted to mitigate soil degradation in rice-based agroecosystems; however, their impacts on soil biota remain insufficiently understood. This study investigated the impacts of paddy continuous cropping (PA), upland continuous cropping (UP), and rice–loofah paddy–upland rotation (RO) on soil nematodes and microbial communities in southeastern China. Soil samples were collected prior to harvest at the end of the rice season and were analyzed for physicochemical properties, nematode communities via morphological identification, and microbial communities through high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the RO system significantly increased soil pH, total phosphorus, available potassium, and available phosphorus, while reducing the abundance of the plant-parasitic nematode Hirschmanniella compared to the PA system. The total nematode abundance was highest in the UP system, where bacterivores predominated; the RO system was characterized by a higher proportion of algivores associated with flooded conditions, whereas the PA system was dominated by herbivores. The RO and PA system also improved nematode food web stability under flooded conditions, as indicated by higher maturity and structure indices relative to the UP system. Although microbial diversity did not differ significantly between systems, the community composition and predicted functional groups varied considerably. The relative abundance of Gemmatimonadota was significantly reduced in the PA system, while the abundance of Nitrospirota, Myxococcota, and Entorrhizomycota increased. Functional prediction revealed system-specific enrichment of bacterial metabolic groups associated with nitrogen cycling, carbon turnover, and redox-sensitive energy metabolism. Integration of soil physicochemical and biological indicators into a Soil Quality Index (SQI) ranked RO highest, underscoring its capacity to enhance soil ecological function and sustainability in rice-based systems.

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Cosmoscarta dorsimacula (Hemiptera, Cicadomorpha, Cercopoidea, Cercopidae) was firstly determined. The complete genome is 15,462 bp in length. It contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and a control region (A + T-rich region). The gene organization, nucleotide composition, and codon usage are similar to other Cercopoidea mitogenomes. The overall nucleotide composition was 44.61% A, 34.01% T, 12.53% C, and 8.85% G, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis highly supported that C. dorsimacula showed a close relationship with C. bispecularis. The measure of complete mitogenome sequence of C. dorsimacula will provide fundamental data for the phylogenetic and biogeographic studies of the Cercopoidea and Hemiptera.

The genus Spasskia Belokobylskij, 1989 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Helconinae) is reported for the first time from China. Two species, namely Spasskia brevicarinata Yan et Chen sp. n. and Spasskia indica Singh, Belokobylskij et Chauhan, 2005 are described and illustrated. A key to the species of this genus is updated to include the new species.