The oral microbiome can be influenced by many factors and its dysbiosis can have negative effects on oral and general health. The purpose of this study was to analyze the intensity of 11 periodontal pathogenic microorganisms identified in the oral cavity of a sample of children and adolescents from Oradea, Romania and to investigate the association of some variables (age, gender, body mass index, diet, and salivary pH) with the identified microorganisms. The cross-sectional study was conducted on a group of clinically healthy patients under the age of 18 years from Oradea, Romania. For the analysis of the periodontal pathogens, the micro-IDent kit was used, which determines 11 bacterial markers for periodontitis and peri-implantitis. The kit is based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Bacterial sampling was carried out according to the manufacturer’s instructions. A total of 60 children (23 male, 37 female) were included in this study, and were divided into three different age categories. No statistically significant results were identified for gender. However statistically significant results were obtained for other variables. Positive results for Prevotella intermedia and Bacteroides forsythus were associated with ages between 13 and 18 years, while positive results for Capnocytophaga spp. were associated with ages between 2 and 5 years. Positive results for Prevotella intermedia, Bacteroides forsythus, Peptostreptococcus micros, Campylobacter rectus and Eikenella corodens were associated with an overweight BMI. Negative results for Prevotella intermedia and Eikenella corodens were associated with a natural diet in the first 6 months of life. Positive results for Fusobacterium nucleatum and Campylobacter rectus were associated with an acidic salivary pH. In this study, the identified periodontal pathogens were associated with age, body mass index, diet in the first 6 months of life, and salivary pH.

Background/Objectives: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a significant global health issue, particularly affecting deciduous teeth in young children. ECC is prevalent in Romania, where nearly half of children experience dental caries. This study aimed to assess the influence of gender, age, and living environment on parents’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding ECC in Bihor County, Romania, using a KAP-type questionnaire. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between March and September 2024, utilizing an online KAP questionnaire distributed via social networks. The sample comprised 419 parents of children under six years old. Respondents provided socio-demographic data and answered questions regarding their knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning ECC prevention, treatment, and oral health. Statistical analysis was conducted using Chi-square tests to assess associations between demographic factors and parental KAP. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 419 respondents, 83.1% were female, and 62.5% were between the ages of 31 and 40. Significant gender-based differences were found in knowledge about pain from caries (93.7% of female participants vs. 81.7% of male participants, p = 0.004) and the importance of brushing twice daily (93.7% of female respondents vs. 80.3% of male respondents, p = 0.010). Younger parents (aged 18–30) were more likely to affirm the effectiveness of fluoride (65.4%) compared to those aged 31–40 (53.1%, p = 0.02). Urban parents were more likely to correctly identify the timing of tooth eruption (59.1% vs. 52.6% of rural parents, p = 0.021). Conclusions: The study highlights gender, age, and urban–rural disparities in parental knowledge and attitudes towards ECC. These findings underscore the need for targeted educational interventions to improve oral health outcomes and reduce ECC prevalence in the Bihor region. Tailored public health strategies addressing demographic factors could enhance preventive oral health behaviors and reduce the healthcare burden associated with untreated dental caries.

Pediatric facial fractures have different clinical patterns and require different therapeutic approaches in comparison with those of facial fractures that occur among adults. The aim of this study was to describe the main clinical characteristics of pediatric facial fractures (such as fracture location, fracture pattern, treatment, complications and evolution) in a group of pediatric patients from NW Romania. This research was a retrospective study that was conducted for 10 years in a tertiary hospital for oral and maxillofacial surgery from NW Romania. A total of 142 pediatric patients were included in this study, with ages between 0 and 18 years. Mandibular (66.2%), midface (25.4%) and combined fractures (8.5%) were identified, and patients from the 13–18 years age group were more frequently affected by facial fractures (78.9%). Most of the diagnosed fractures among all three types of fractures were total fractures, and most mandibular (92.6%) and midface (80.6%) fractures were without displacement. Hematomas, lacerations and abrasions were identified as associated lesions. Patients with associated lesions were more frequently associated with combined fractures or midface fractures than mandibular fractures. The instituted treatment was, in general, orthopedic, for all three types of fractures (mandibular—86.2%; midface—91.7%; combined—66.7%). Most fractures, mandibular (96.8%), midface (100%) and combined (91.7%) fractures, had a favorable evolution. Most fractures did not present any complications at the follow-up. Pediatric facial fractures have unique patterns and must be treated with caution, considering the particularities of pediatric facial anatomy.

Pediatric facial fractures are not as common as facial fractures occurring in the adult population. Their therapeutic approach is different because they affect patients with active growth, and have an etiology and epidemiology that vary depending on different cultural, religious and demographic factors. This research aimed to identify the main factors involved in the etiology of pediatric facial fractures, as well as the epidemiology of pediatric facial fractures in a sample of children and adolescents from North-Western Romania. This 10-year retrospective study was performed in a tertiary center for oral and maxillofacial surgery in North-Western Romania. Medical files of patients that were admitted between 1 January 2002 and 31 December 2022 were analyzed. Pediatric patients aged 0 to 18 years were included in this study. The final sample consisted of 142 children and adolescents diagnosed with facial fractures, with this number representing 14.1% of all patients affected by facial fractures. Most frequently, fractures were identified in the 13–18 age group (78.9%, n = 112), which were more often associated with fractures caused by interpersonal violence than caused by road traffic accidents, falls or animal attacks. Boys were more affected (88%, n = 125), and were more frequently associated with fractures caused by interpersonal violence. The most frequently identified etiological factors included interpersonal violence (50%, n = 71), falls (18.3%, n = 26) and road traffic accidents (11.3%, n = 16). In terms of location, the mandible was the most affected facial bone structure (66.2%, n = 94), and patients with mandibular fractures were more frequently associated with fractures caused by interpersonal violence. The incidence of pediatric facial fractures should be lowered because they may interfere with the proper development of the facial skeleton. Establishing measures aimed at preventing interpersonal violence, as well as other causes involved in the etiology of facial fractures is imperative.

Background/Objectives: This research investigates the nuanced factors influencing peri-implant bone resorption in implant-supported fixed prostheses, with a focus on age, gender, implant location, time since prosthetic loading, and material characteristics. Methods: Records from a dental clinic in Oradea, Romania, between 1 January 2017 and 1 January 2023, were scrutinized and were selected by means of purposive sampling. All records were analyzed between 1 May 2023 and 15 June 2023. A total of 160 implants were included, and the prosthetic restorations were either metal-ceramic or zirconia. Implants from a single manufacturer were used, and a standardized loading protocol was followed. The study examined variables such as age, gender, implant location, prosthetic material, and time since prosthetic loading. Results: A total of 160 implants were included, with 78 applied to female patients (48.8%) and 82 to male patients (51.2%). The age range of the patients undergoing dental implant procedures was 30 to 79 years. Implants were distributed between the mandible (51.2%) and maxilla (48.8%), with 49.4% placed in the posterior dental arches and 50.6% in the anterior dental arches. The majority of patients received metal-ceramic prosthetic reconstructions (76.9%). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in resorption patterns between zirconia and metal-ceramic restorations (p < 0.001), with zirconia restorations exhibiting higher resorption in the mesial-vertical and distal-vertical planes compared to metal-ceramic restorations. Age-related factors showed a significant association with distal-vertical resorption (p = 0.017), with patients aged 60–69 years exhibiting higher resorption values compared to those aged 40–49 years. Gender differences were observed in mesial-horizontal resorption (p = 0.036), with male patients displaying higher resorption values compared to female patients. Implant location and time elapsed since implant loading did not show significant associations with resorption patterns. Conclusions: The study provides insights into the multifactorial nature of peri-implant resorption. Age, gender, and material characteristics contribute to variations, informing personalized treatment approaches. The findings facilitate a comprehensive understanding for clinicians, enhancing treatment planning and post-operative care.