Objectives: Malnutrition is frequently seen in stroke patients. Malnutrition worsens the prognosis and increases the mortality rate in acute ischemic stroke patients. Malnutrition is a significant factor not only in the initiation of infection but also in its progression. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is a new index that evaluates the nutrition and inflammatory status. This study aims to investigate the relationship between PNI and stroke-related infection (SRI) development during hospitalization in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Materials and Methods: Acute ischemic stroke was the primary diagnosis for 158 patients who were admitted to the neurology intensive care unit. Patients’ demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters were recorded. PNI was calculated according to the formula given below. PNI: 10 × serum albumin (g/dL) + 0.005 × total lymphocyte count (mm³). PNI > 380 normal, PNI: 350–380 moderate malnutrition risk, PNI < 350 severe malnutrition risk. Results: A total of 158 patients with acute ischemic stroke were included in the study. There were 70 male and 88 female patients, whereas the mean age of the patients was 67.79 ± 14.0 years. Nosocomial infection developed in 34 (21%) of the patients. Compared to high PNI scores, patients with low PNI scores were generally older, and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, atrial fibrillation, infection, mortality rate, and hospitalization rates were all significantly higher. Conclusions: In this study, we discovered that patients with poor PNI had a considerably increased rate of infection development. It is vital to evaluate the nutritional status of patients with acute ischemic stroke during hospitalization.

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between mortality and the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in the pediatric patient group with ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) infection. A total of 63 pediatric patients with a VPS infection and positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture were retrospectively registered. The CSF specimens were analyzed to conduct culture and microscopic evaluation. A total of 44.4% of the cases were men and 55.6% of the cases were women. Patients were divided into 2 groups (survivor and non-survivor patients). When survivor and non-survivor patients were compared, it was found that CSF leukocytes, CSF glucose, CSF protein, CSF/blood glucose ratio, lymphocyte, albumin, and PNI levels were lower in the non-survivor patients’ group. Nevertheless, blood glucose and CRP (C-reactive protein) were significantly higher in the non-survivor patients’ group than in the survivor patients’ group. In our investigation, we suggested that low PNI was related to high mortality in cases of VPS infection.

Amaç: Fusidik asit, metisiline dirençli suşlar da dahil olmak üzere stafilokokal enfeksiyonların tedavisinde tek başına veya ardışık olarak diğer antimikrobiyal ilaçlarla kombine edilerek kullanılan steroid benzeri bir antibiyotiktir. Bu çalışmada; 10 yıl ara ile hastanemiz klinik mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarında izole edilen Staphylococcus aureus [metisiline duyarlı Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) ve metisiline dirençli Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)] suşlarında fusidik asit direnç oranlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Suşların identifikasyonu için konvansiyonel yöntemler ve BD PhoenixTM otomatik mikrobiyoloji sistemi (BD Diagnostic Systems, Sparks, MD) kullanılmıştır. İdentifiye edilen S. aureus suşlarının metisilin ve fusidik asit duyarlılıkları Klinik ve Laboratuvar Standartları Enstitüsü (CLSI) önerileri doğrultusunda belirlenmiştir. Suşların metisilin duyarlılığını belirlemek amacıyla 1 µg oksasilin ve fusidik asit duyarlılığını belirlemek amacıyla da 10 µg fusidik asit içeren antibiyotik diskleri (Oxoid Ltd., Basingstoke, United Kingdom) kullanılmıştır. Oksasilin için inhibisyon zon çapı sınırları; ?13 mm ise duyarlı, 11-12 mm ise orta duyarlı, ≤10 mm ise dirençli olarak kabul edilmiş olup, CLSI kriterlerine göre saptanmıştır. Fusidik asit için inhibisyon zon çapı sınırları; ?22 mm ise duyarlı, 16-21 mm ise orta duyarlı, ≤15 mm ise dirençli olarak kabul edilmiş olup Fransa Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti'nin belirlediği kriterlere göre saptanmıştır. Bulgular: On yıl önce yapılan çalışmada S. aureus suşlarında fusidik asit direnci %11,6 iken, bu çalışmada %14,6 olarak saptanmıştır. İki direnç oranı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır (p=0,695). Fusidik asit direnç oranları 2001 ve 2011 yıllarında MSSA suşlarında %4,2 ve %5,7, MRSA suşlarında ise %18,9 ve %22,2 olarak bulunmuştur. İki ayrı periyotta çalışılan MSSA ve MRSA suşlarının fusidik asit direncinde de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır (p=1,00, p=0,906). Sonuç: Elde ettiğimiz sonuçlar ışığında metisiline dirençli suşlar dahil tüm stafilokokal enfeksiyonların tedavisinde fusidik asidin halen iyi bir alternatif ilaç olabileceği görüşüne varılmıştır.

Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA) is a rare disease in which there is both ventriculoarterial and atrioventricular discordance. The systemic ventricle is of right morphology and patients are at high risk of developing systemic ventricular dysfunction. We report on a 41year old male patient with primary PCI and congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries

The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural of syncytiotrophoblast and Hoffbauer cells in placental villi of HELLP syndrome patients. Placental samples with twenty control (normotensive) and twenty HELLP syndrome were fixed in 10% neutral formalin solution for paraffin-embedding wax protocol. Placental samples were fixed in 2.5% buffered glutaraldehyde and then, in 1% osmium tetra oxide for routine electron microscopic procedure. When the HELLP group fetal placental sections were examined, intracytoplasmic edema in syncytiotrophoblast, degenerative vacuoles and degenerative findings on cell surface membranes were observed. Moreover, villous edema was remarkable. The number of CD68 positive Hoffbauer cells per villus control group sections was 0.23 ± 0.02 and the number of CD68 positive cells per villus in HELLP group placenta sections was 0.83 ± 0.12 . The increase in the number of Hoffbauer cells per villus in the HELLP group was statistically significant (p

Background This study investigated the relationship between the systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and catheter-related infections and their effects on prognosis in pediatric patients. Methods A total of 56 pediatric patients diagnosed with ventriculoperitoneal (V-P) shunt infection between January 2017 and October 2019 were included. V-P shunt infection diagnosis was made based on clinical findings. All cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were subjected to direct microscopic examination and culture. Protein, glucose, and sodium levels in CSF, CSF leukocytes, and hematological and biochemical parameters were measured. Results Fifty-six patients with growth in CSF culture were included in this study. 55.4% of the cases were female and 44.6% male. V-P shunt was detected in 82.1% of the cases and external ventricular drainage (EVD) catheter-related infection in 17.9%. The CSF/blood glucose ratio was significantly lower (p = 0.046), and SII was significantly increased (p = 0.002) in non-coagulase-negative staphylococci. Conclusions Early and appropriate antibiotic therapy reduces morbidity and mortality in catheter-related infections. However, it is important to start empirical antibiotherapy until culture results are expected. Therefore, further research on the estimation of possible factors is needed.