After high gas mines coal mining reaches deep, the issue of rockburst has become increasingly prominent. Aiming at solving the problem of rock burst in high gas mines, the coupling mechanism of anti-rockburst and pressure relief in gas drainage boreholes along seam has been explored. The research results indicate that gas drainage boreholes can reduce the stress environment of coal, making the peak stress transfer to deep coal. The pressure relief effect of gas drainage boreholes is slightly weaker than that of large diameter pressure relief boreholes. Moreover, the presence of gas pressure can weaken the mechanical properties of coal. The compressive strength, elastic modulus, cohesion, and internal friction angle of coal all show varying degrees of attenuation with the increase of gas pressure. Besides, a stress analysis was conducted on borehole surrounding rock, and mathematical derivation was also carried out. The expressions for radial stress and circumferential stress of the coal at the boundary of the plastic zone of the borehole surrounding rock, as well as the analytical solution for the boundary of the plastic zone, are obtained. In addition, the gas in pressure relief borehole act on the coal in the pressure relief zone, causing deterioration of the mechanical properties of the coal around the pressure relief boreholes. The expansion range of the radius of the borehole pressure relief zone will increases, and the borehole pressure relief effect will enhance, promoting the formation of coal weakening zones. The above is the coupling mechanism of anti-rockburst and pressure relief in gas drainage boreholes, which has been confirmed by numerical simulation for reliability.

To study the mechanical behavior and energy evolution law of gas-filled deep coal, conventional triaxial compression experiments under different confining pressure and gas pressure conditions and cyclic loading and unloading experiments under different gas pressures were carried out. The failure characteristics and mechanical parameters evolution of two loading modes were analyzed. In addition, the energy density and ratio evolution law under cyclic loading was revealed, and based on these findings, an attempt was made to depict the relation of cumulative dissipated energy density and volumetric strain by fitting the experimental data. The results indicated that failure of coal is expressed as a single shear surface under conventional compression, while under cyclic loading mode, coal behaves with multi-fracture crushing failure. Mechanical parameters showed a trend of decay with increasing gas pressure, and that cyclic loading and unloading increases the bearing capacity of coal by 8–38%. The dissipated energy density and ratio grew significantly when coal entered the yield stage. In the compaction stage, the cumulative dissipated energy density rose with volumetric strain in the form of an exponential function, and it increased with relative volumetric strain as a power function.

As coal mining progresses to greater depths, the complex geological conditions significantly increase the risk of compound disasters. With increasing mining depth, elevated ground stress and gas pressure exacerbate the coupling effects of rockburst and gas outburst. This study employs laboratory tests and theoretical analysis to investigate gas disasters under varying gas and confining pressures. The experimental results are analyzed in terms of mechanical parameters, crack propagation, and acoustic emission (AE) time–frequency evolution. Under conventional compression, coal failure exhibits shear damage with axial splitting or debris ejection. The peak strength demonstrates a clear confining pressure strengthening effect and gas pressure weakening effect. At constant gas pressure, the elastic modulus increases with confining pressure, whereas at constant confining pressure, it decreases with rising gas pressure.