The impact of energy consumption on sustainable development remains a critical global concern that is deeply influenced by the progress and effectiveness of the ongoing energy transition. The primary objective of this study is to examine the impact of the energy transition (ET) an institutional quality index (IQI) on sustainable development (SD), along with other control variables, including globalization (GLOB), trade openness (TO), gross domestic product per capita (GDP), and economic structure (EcoStru), in E-7 economies from 1990 to 2022. To fulfill this objective, we employ the cross-sectional autoregressive distributive lags (CS-ARDL) technique to tackle issues such as heteroscedasticity, cross-sectional dependence, and interaction across sections caused by variations in slope. Similarly, for the robustness analysis and based on the results of cointegration tests, we employed the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) and Canonical Cointegrating Regression (CCR) cointegration models. The empirical findings reveal that the ET, TO, and IQI significantly influence improving sustainable development in the E-7 countries. Meanwhile, GLOB and GDP have been shown to have a detrimental environmental impact. To move toward truly sustainable development, E-7 countries should emphasize the transition to renewable energy and reinforce institutional governance to lessen their dependence on fossil fuels.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the irregular pattern of changing inflation as a result of the pass-through of the exchange rate and fluctuations in oil prices in the current globalization scenario. We used annual data sets for crude oil prices, real effective exchange rates, and inflation in Pakistan from 1972 to 2021 for the analysis. The control variables used in the current study were imports (IMP), gross domestic product per capita (GDP), exports (EXP), globalization (GLOB), and interest rates (CRATE). Our findings from a non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) analysis showed that inflation had an asymmetric rocket and feather pattern regardless of how globalization was defined or measured. On the other hand, GDP, EXP, and GLOB negatively impacted inflation, and CRATE and IMP had positive effects on inflation. Our study suggested that alternative policies, such as fixing the exchange rate, might decrease uncertainty and stabilize the Pakistani economy in the future. Moreover, increasing the use of sustainable energy would reduce the dependence of the economy on oil prices, which would lower its impact on the economy.

Despite progress in reducing maternal mortality, it remains a major public health concern in the Asia–Pacific region, where environmental degradation