Background: Several studies have suggested that breast cancer (BC) and germline BRCA pathogenic variants (gBRCA PVs) could have a deleterious impact on ovarian reserve. Nevertheless, data are limited and mixed. Our objective was to evaluate the performance of fertility preservation (FP) in terms of the number of collected mature oocytes after ovarian stimulation (OS) in young women carrying a gBRCA PV, associated or not with BC. Methods: We conducted a retrospective monocentric study at HUB-Hôpital Erasme in Brussels. All women aged between 18 and 41 years diagnosed with invasive non-metastatic BC and/or gBRCA PV carriers who underwent OS for FP or preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorder (PGT-M) between November 2012 and October 2021 were included. Three groups were compared: BC patients without a gBRCA PV, BC patients with a gBRCA PV, and healthy gBRCA PV carriers. Ovarian reserve was evaluated based on the efficacy of OS and AMH levels. Results: A total of 85 patients underwent 100 cycles. The mean age (32.2 ± 3.9 years; p = 0.61) and median AMH level (1.9 [0.2–13] μg/L; p = 0.22) were similar between groups. Correlations between the number of mature oocytes and AMH level (p < 0.001) and between AMH and age (p < 0.001) were observed. No differences in the number of retrieved mature oocytes were observed between groups (p = 0.41), or for other OS parameters. Conclusion: Neither BC nor a gBRCA PV significantly affects ovarian reserve and FP efficacy in terms of the number of mature oocytes retrieved.

A 37-year-old woman presented with a right labium majus thickening with no palpable mass, which had been evolving for a few months. A partial right labium majus ablation was performed at the request of the patient for esthetic reasons. The lesion was most histologically similar to CALME (childhood asymmetric labium majus enlargement). The lesion was benign, but several other differential diagnoses were considered. Two years after the surgery, there had been no recurrence. To our best knowledge, this is the first such case reported in an adult.