The blade shape is of great interest to hybrid turbine designers, due to its significant and direct impact on turbine performance. The inlet and outlet diameters of the vane affect the size of the rotor, which is limited because of the small space available in internal combustion engines. The effect of the ratio of the average inlet diameter and the average exducer inlet diameter on the performance of a mixed inlet turbine will be the focus of this study, which consists of two cases included herein for the purpose of illustrating the means of improving rotor performances and controlling the flow mass rate. In the first case, we achieved this by changing the average diameter of the exducer inlet, while, in the second one, we achieved this by changing the average inlet diameter. Additionally, the angles of the inlet and outlet blades were recalculated to preserve the same blade profile and to eliminate the effect of curvilinearity. It was noted that the shape of the blade was very sensitive to changes in the ratio of the investigated diameters, and—in both cases—interesting results were obtained. First, an increase in output work and in total static isentropic efficiency by 2.16% and 2.15%, respectively, was generated, with a saving of 3.52% of the used mass flow and a lighter rotor compared to one that used to take up the same space by using fixed average inlet diameter blades. In the second case, there was an increase in the output work by 3.31%, and in the total static isentropic efficiency by 3.34%, but the rotor became heavier and required an increase in the mass flow used. Since inter-blade flows are very complex, three-dimensional and viscous—featuring various types of secondary and eddy flows—the CFX.15-CFD code was used in all models to solve the averaged Navier–Stokes equations.

Currently, the technology of imparting the necessary reflective properties to a surface is becoming increasingly important. Darkening the surface and matting it helps to diffuse the reflected beam and prevent glare. The surface’s reflective properties are determined by its microstructure. Modern pico- and femtosecond lasers make it possible to obtain surfaces with high precision and create various LIPSS (laser-induced periodic surface structure) types. In this article, we describe the process of formation of a complex two-periodic microstructure on the surface of AISI 321 stainless steel under the influence of radiation from femtosecond lasers and describe the process of scattering of a light beam by the resulting surface. Modeling shows that the presence of an additional transparent coating on a flat surface does not improve its scattering properties and does not eliminate glare. In the event that a complex two-periodic structure is formed on the reflective surface and the coating surface, the nature of the reflection has a clearly defined scattered character, regardless of the angle of incidence of the light beam. This study shows the feasibility and effectiveness of forming a two-periodic structure in order to give it stealth characteristics and reduce visibility.

In Europe, 3 % of the electricity consumed by industry is spent on the production of compressed air. At the same time, the payment for electricity consumed by the compressor is the largest share in the structure of the factorys costs. In modern production, compressed air requires drying to meet the requirements of the equipment and for various technological processes. In this case, a large amount of compressed air is lost thus, improving the design of air dryers is an important step for improving energy efficiency. In this paper is developing a method for reducing the energy costs of the heated desiccant dryers is developed by mean of regenerating adsorbents using microwave energy.In the process of developing heaters using microwave energy, the main problem is the achievement of a uniform heating of the material. The same problem also arises when using microwave energy to regenerate the adsorbent in the adsorption dryer. Due of above-mentioned, the problem by dynamically changing the configuration of the heater chamber and waveguide systems is solved by using of increasing the uniformity of heating and two opposite waveguides in the heater design with a variable phase of one of them. A specific condition for conducting experiments is obtained. Particularly the adsorption dryer chamber is a cylindrical vessel that is filled with an adsorbent and has predetermined proportions. A significant change of these proportions adversely affect at the adsorption process during the operation of the desiccant.