Rossella Paolini graduated from the Sapienza University of Rome in 1986 and obtained a Ph.D. in Experimental Medicine in the same place in 1992. She spent five years training at the section of Molecular Immunology and Allergy at NIH in Bethesda (1990–1995) as a Postdoctoral Researcher. She has been a Full Professor of Immunology at the Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome since 2016. She is the Chair of Immunology at the Medical School of Sapienza University of Rome. She has been focused on the study of signal transduction pathways implicated in the regulation of different aspects of mast cell and NK cell biology over the last 20 years. Her studies have importantly contributed to elucidating the intracellular biochemical events leading to the activation of the mast cell functional program. More recently, she has been focused on the molecular pathways that regulate the expression and function of activating receptors and their ligands in mast cells and natural killer cells.