Visible light communication could be an interesting complement to the IEEE 802.11p-based vehicle-to-vehicle communication systems that are sensitive to interferences and delays in dense traffic scenarios such as platooning. Visible light could also provide a redundant distance measure that is crucial for path control in this application. In this paper, a system called visible light communication rangefinder and performing simultaneously vehicle-to-vehicle communication and range-finding using the headlamps and taillights is proposed for the first time. By exchanging a clock signal contained in Manchester-encoded signals, both the following and leading vehicles can share information and estimate their inter-distance through phase-shift measurement. The system is first presented theoretically and it is shown in particular that the Doppler effect has no significant impact on both functions. Then, it is modeled and validated using Simulink. Finally, both the range-finding and communication function are validated experimentally. The rangefinding function is functional up to 25 m, and has a resolution of around 24 cm at 10 m, whereas the communication function provides a 500 kbps link with a BER below $10^{-6}$ up to 30 m.

As 5G devices and networks continue to roll out, new broadcasting services and capabilities have been introduced to the entire ecosystem, opening up additional new applications and granular business opportunities, where indoor joint communication and sensing are critical. Under this trend, in this paper, we propose a new system using multi-band carrierless amplitude and phase $(m$ -CAP) modulation associated with received signal strength (RSS)-based trilateration to achieve visible light sensing and communication from the same signal. The architecture of this system is first detailed, with an emphasis on how the light source limitations in terms of dynamic range and modulation bandwidth may be taken into account. The proposed set-up is then shown through simulations to provide an illuminance between 300 and 500 lux over the whole room, positioning with an error lower than 7.17 cm in 90% of the cases, and a continuous data connectivity at 32 Mbps. The influence of several parameters, including that of the main $m$ -CAP settings, on this performance is studied in order to define some general rules for the design of such a system.

This paper considers the use of infrared wireless communications for uplink transmission in extra wireless body-area networks. We focus on a multi-user medical application, where the collected medical data of several patients inside a hospital room is transmitted to one or several access points (APs). For this uplink transmission, we investigate the performance of optical code-division multiple access in asynchronous mode, while taking into account the effect of random transmitter orientation. For this purpose and to consider realistic scenarios, we implement an orientation-based random waypoint mobility model to consider the mobility of patients inside a hospital ward. Performance evaluation is done in terms of the link average bit-error-rate and outage probability. We further investigate the performance improvement by using several APs, compared with the case of a single AP.

Whilethe contours of 6G are still being defined, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has been identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a key feature of next-generation wireless communications. Given the maturity already demonstrated for data transmission on the one hand, and positioning on the other hand, optical wireless communications (OWC) could offer promising solutions for ISAC implementation, especially in indoor scenarios. In this paper, we propose and implement an OWC-based ISAC system that relies on multi-band carrierless amplitude and phase ( $m$ -CAP) modulation associated with received signal strength (RSS)-based positioning to achieve data transmission and localization from the same signal. This $m$ -CAP/RSS system is deployed in a 1.2 $\times\, 1.2\,\times$ 2.16 m $^{3}$ room using four access points installed on the ceiling, and can provide a communication link at a data rate of 12 Mbps with a bit error rate of less than $3.8\times 10^{-3}$ to any user in a reception plane 20 cm above the ground, while estimating its position with an error of less than 5.9 cm in 90% of cases.

The transfer of health monitoring data from multiple patients using wireless body-area networks requires the use of robust, and energy and bandwidth efficient multiple-access schemes. This paper considers the frequency-division multiple access for the wireless uplink to a fixed access point when using infrared signals to collect medical data from several patients inside an emergency waiting room. The conventional optical orthogonal scheme applies Hermitian symmetry to obtain real-valued signals, which implies increased computational complexity. We consider a new approach transmitting only the real part of a complex-valued signal, where no such constraint is imposed. Based on the proposed scheme, and taking into account the limited dynamic range of an infrared light-emitting diode, we study the performance of direct current biased and asymmetrically clipped schemes, and show their advantage in terms of energy efficiency and computational complexity, as compared with the conventional schemes. For instance, we show that by using asymmetric clipping, around 35mW less transmit power is needed to achieve a bit error rate of $\mathrm {10}^{-3}$ in the considered scenario. We also demonstrate the robustness of the proposed scheme against multiple access interference.

Visible light communication (VLC) is an attractive complementary communication technology for vehicular applications such as platooning. Although data rates around 100 kbps are enough for crucial data transmission, it may be useful to reach a few megabits per second for other applications like networking. Such data rates can be reached by using appropriate modulations and clock rates. In this paper, three forms of pulse amplitude modulations (PAM) are compared in a vehicular context: on-off keying (OOK), PAM-4 and generalized space-shift keying (GSSK). A prototype based on off-the-shelf light-emitting diodes (LED) headlamps is used for static tests in straight line configuration, with an inter-vehicle distance up to 30 m, and curves of minimum radius 100 m and inter-vehicle distance of 10 m. These tests show that OOK and GSSK are the most interesting modulations for highway platooning applications. OOK provides indeed a good mobility while remaining simple to implement. A 1 Mbps link of BER below 10⁻⁶ is thus demonstrated. In GSSK, the data rate reaches 2 Mbps for an equivalent BER. These performances are obtained by using, in particular, two spatially distinct receivers, which limits strongly the complexity of GSSK decoding.