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Marco Capodici
Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90128 Palermo, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 10 January 2020 in Bioresource Technology
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The present paper investigated an Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) Membrane BioReactor (MBR) system monitored for 340 days. In particular, the short-term effects of some operational parameters variation was evaluated. Results showed a decrease of the removal rates under low C/N values. Respirometry results highlighted that activated sludge was more active in the organic carbon removal. Conversely, biofilm has a key role during nitrification. The major fouling mechanism was represented by the cake deposition (irreversible).

ACS Style

Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; Zhengyu Zhu; YongMei Li. Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) membrane BioReactor: The influence of the operational parameters. Bioresource Technology 2020, 301, 122752 .

AMA Style

Giorgio Mannina, Marco Capodici, Alida Cosenza, Daniele Di Trapani, Zhengyu Zhu, YongMei Li. Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) membrane BioReactor: The influence of the operational parameters. Bioresource Technology. 2020; 301 ():122752.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; Zhengyu Zhu; YongMei Li. 2020. "Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) membrane BioReactor: The influence of the operational parameters." Bioresource Technology 301, no. : 122752.

Journal article
Published: 24 December 2019 in Bioresource Technology
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This study investigated the chance to couple the conventional Oxic Settling Anaerobic (OSA) process with a thermic treatment at moderate temperature (35 °C). The maximum excess sludge reduction rate (80%) was achieved when the plant was operated under 3 h of hydraulic retention time (HRT). Compared with the conventional OSA system, the thermic treatment enabled a further improvement in excess sludge minimization of 35%. The observed yield coefficient decreased from 0.25 gTSS gCOD−1 to 0.10 gTSS gCOD−1 when the temperature in the anaerobic reactor was increased to 35 °C, despite the lower HRT (3 h vs 6 h). Moreover, the thermic treatment enabled the decrease of filamentous bacteria, thereby improving the sludge settling properties. The thermic treatment enhanced the destruction of extracellular polymeric substances and the increase of endogenous decay rate (from 0.64 d−1 to 1.16 d−1) that reduced the biomass active fraction (from 22% to 4%).

ACS Style

Santo Fabio Corsino; Marco Capodici; Daniele Di Trapani; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. Combination of the OSA process with thermal treatment at moderate temperature for excess sludge minimization. Bioresource Technology 2019, 300, 122679 .

AMA Style

Santo Fabio Corsino, Marco Capodici, Daniele Di Trapani, Michele Torregrossa, Gaspare Viviani. Combination of the OSA process with thermal treatment at moderate temperature for excess sludge minimization. Bioresource Technology. 2019; 300 ():122679.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Santo Fabio Corsino; Marco Capodici; Daniele Di Trapani; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. 2019. "Combination of the OSA process with thermal treatment at moderate temperature for excess sludge minimization." Bioresource Technology 300, no. : 122679.

Journal article
Published: 18 October 2019 in New Biotechnology
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The biodegradability and treatability of a young (3 years old) municipal landfill leachate was evaluated by means of chemical oxygen demand (COD) fractionation tests, based on respirometric techniques. The tests were performed using two different biomasses: one cultivated from the raw leachate (autochthonous biomass) and the other collected from a conventional municipal wastewater treatment plant after its acclimation to leachate (allochthonous biomass). The long term performances of the two biomasses were also studied. The results demonstrated that the amount of biodegradable COD in the leachate was strictly dependent on the biomass that was used to perform the fractionation tests. Using the autochthonous biomass, the amount of biodegradable organic substrate resulted in approximately 75% of the total COD, whereas it was close to 40% in the case of the allochthonous biomass, indicating the capacity of the autochthonous biomass to degrade a higher amount of organic compounds present in the leachate. The autochthonous biomass was characterized by higher biological activity and heterotrophic active fraction (14% vs 7%), whereas the activity of the allochthonous biomass was significantly affected by inhibitory compounds in the leachate, resulting in a lower respiration rate (SOUR = 13 mg O2 gVSS-1 h-1 vs 37 mg O2 gVSS-1 h-1). The long-term performance of the autochthonous and allochthonous biomasses indicated that the former was more suitable for the treatment of raw landfill leachate, ensuring higher removal performance towards the organic pollutants.

ACS Style

Santo Fabio Corsino; Marco Capodici; Daniele Di Trapani; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. Assessment of landfill leachate biodegradability and treatability by means of allochthonous and autochthonous biomasses. New Biotechnology 2019, 55, 91 -97.

AMA Style

Santo Fabio Corsino, Marco Capodici, Daniele Di Trapani, Michele Torregrossa, Gaspare Viviani. Assessment of landfill leachate biodegradability and treatability by means of allochthonous and autochthonous biomasses. New Biotechnology. 2019; 55 ():91-97.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Santo Fabio Corsino; Marco Capodici; Daniele Di Trapani; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. 2019. "Assessment of landfill leachate biodegradability and treatability by means of allochthonous and autochthonous biomasses." New Biotechnology 55, no. : 91-97.

Journal article
Published: 18 August 2019 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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The aim of the present study was to compare the oxygen transfer efficiency in a conventional activated sludge and a membrane bioreactor system. The oxygen transfer was evaluated by means of the oxygen transfer coefficient and α-factor calculation, under different total suspended solids concentration, extracellular polymeric substances, sludge apparent viscosity and size of the flocs. The oxygen transfer coefficient and α-factor showed an exponential decreasing trend with total suspended solid, with a stronger oxygen transfer coefficient dependence in the conventional activated sludge compared to the membrane bioreactor. It was noted that the oxygen transfer coefficient in the conventional activated sludge become comparable to that in membrane bioreactor when the total suspended solid concentration in the conventional activated sludge was higher than 5 g L−1. Operating under high carbon to nitrogen ratio, the oxygen transfer coefficient increased in both conventional activated sludge and membrane bioreactor because of sludge deflocculation and it was noticed a weaker dependence of the oxygen transfer coefficient with total suspended solid. The results indicated that the most important parameters on the oxygen transfer efficiency were in order: the total suspended solid concentration, flocs size, sludge apparent viscosity and extracellular polymeric substances content. Based on the influence of the main biomass features affecting the oxygen transfer coefficient and considering the typical operating conditions in both systems, those of membrane bioreactor appeared to be more favorable to oxygen transfer efficiency. The paper provides a useful insight about some peculiarities of oxygen transfer in a conventional activated sludge and a membrane reactor system, highlighting new and useful information in the light of a more sustainable management of these systems.

ACS Style

Marco Capodici; Santo Fabio Corsino; Daniele Di Trapani; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. Effect of biomass features on oxygen transfer in conventional activated sludge and membrane bioreactor systems. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 240, 118071 .

AMA Style

Marco Capodici, Santo Fabio Corsino, Daniele Di Trapani, Michele Torregrossa, Gaspare Viviani. Effect of biomass features on oxygen transfer in conventional activated sludge and membrane bioreactor systems. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 240 ():118071.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Capodici; Santo Fabio Corsino; Daniele Di Trapani; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. 2019. "Effect of biomass features on oxygen transfer in conventional activated sludge and membrane bioreactor systems." Journal of Cleaner Production 240, no. : 118071.

Journal article
Published: 25 May 2019 in Biochemical Engineering Journal
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Partial nitrification (PN) is a technically and economically effective solution for the treatment of wastewater featuring low C/N ratio, allowing to achieve approximately 25% energy saving and 40% carbon source for denitrification. This study investigated the effect of different carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) and ammonia loading rate (ALR) on PN performances in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating landfill leachate with municipal wastewater. The aim was to find an optimum range for C/N and ALR to maximize PN performances. Results demonstrated that a proper balancing between ALR and C/N is crucial to achieve high PN efficiency. The results highlighted the existence of an optimum range for ALR and C/N of approximately 0.30-0.50 kg NH4-N m-3d-1 and 2-4. Although complete suppression of NOB was not achieved at these values, a predominance of nitrite (125 mg L-1) to nitrate (50 mg L-1) was observed. The results demonstrated the achievement of PN even at high C/N (4) but, on the other hand, C/N higher than 6 were not favorable to autotrophic growth. C/N significantly lower than 4 caused a stress condition for the biomass, leading to an excess in SMP production. Therefore, the operational parameters as well as the co-treatment ratio should be adjusted in order to operate the system under specific ALR (0.30-0.50 kg NH4-N m-3 d-1) and C/N (2-4).

ACS Style

Marco Capodici; Santo Fabio Corsino; Daniele Di Trapani; Gaspare Viviani. Achievement of partial nitrification under different carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and ammonia loading rate for the co-treatment of landfill leachate with municipal wastewater. Biochemical Engineering Journal 2019, 149, 107229 .

AMA Style

Marco Capodici, Santo Fabio Corsino, Daniele Di Trapani, Gaspare Viviani. Achievement of partial nitrification under different carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and ammonia loading rate for the co-treatment of landfill leachate with municipal wastewater. Biochemical Engineering Journal. 2019; 149 ():107229.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Capodici; Santo Fabio Corsino; Daniele Di Trapani; Gaspare Viviani. 2019. "Achievement of partial nitrification under different carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and ammonia loading rate for the co-treatment of landfill leachate with municipal wastewater." Biochemical Engineering Journal 149, no. : 107229.

Journal article
Published: 30 October 2018 in Water Research
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Biological nutrient removal performances and kinetics of autochthonous marine biomass in forms of activated sludge and aerobic granular sludge were investigated under different salinity and sludge retention time (SRT). Both the biomasses, cultivated from a fish-canning wastewater, were subjected to stepwise increases in salinity (+2 gNaCl L−1), from 30 gNaCl L−1 up to 50 gNaCl L−1 with the aim to evaluate the maximum potential in withstanding salinity by the autochthonous marine biomass. Microbial marine species belonging to the genus of Cryomorphaceae and of Rhodobacteraceae were found dominant in both the systems at the maximum salinity tested (50 gNaCl L−1). The organic carbon was removed with a yield of approximately 98%, irrespective of the salinity. Similarly, nitrogen removal occurred via nitritation-denitritation and was not affected by salinity. The ammonium utilization rate and the nitrite utilization rate were approximately of 3.60 mgNH4-N gVSS−1h−1 and 10.0 mgNO2-N gVSS−1h−1, respectively, indicating a high activity of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria. The granulation process did not provide significant improvements in the nutrients removal process likely due to the stepwise salinity increase strategy. Biomass activity and performances resulted affected by long SRT (27 days) due to salt accumulation within the activated sludge flocs and granules. In contrast, a lower SRT (14 days) favoured the discharge of the granules and flocs with higher inert content, thereby enhancing the biomass renewing. The obtained results demonstrated that the use of autochthonous-halophilic bacteria represents a valuable solution for the treatment of high-strength carbon and nitrogen saline wastewater in a wide range of salinity. Besides, the stepwise increase in salinity and the operation at low SRT enabled high metabolic activity and to avoid excessive accumulation of salt within the biomass aggregates, limiting their physical destructuration due to the increase in loosely-bound exopolymers.

ACS Style

Santo Fabio Corsino; Marco Capodici; Francesca Di Pippo; Valter Tandoi; Michele Torregrossa. Comparison between kinetics of autochthonous marine bacteria in activated sludge and granular sludge systems at different salinity and SRTs. Water Research 2018, 148, 425 -437.

AMA Style

Santo Fabio Corsino, Marco Capodici, Francesca Di Pippo, Valter Tandoi, Michele Torregrossa. Comparison between kinetics of autochthonous marine bacteria in activated sludge and granular sludge systems at different salinity and SRTs. Water Research. 2018; 148 ():425-437.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Santo Fabio Corsino; Marco Capodici; Francesca Di Pippo; Valter Tandoi; Michele Torregrossa. 2018. "Comparison between kinetics of autochthonous marine bacteria in activated sludge and granular sludge systems at different salinity and SRTs." Water Research 148, no. : 425-437.

Journal article
Published: 22 August 2018 in Water Science and Technology
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This study aimed at evaluating the nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for wastewater treatment. The study investigated the N2O emissions considering multiple influential factors over a two-year period: (i) different MBR based process configurations; (ii) wastewater composition (municipal or industrial); (iii) operational conditions (i.e. sludge retention time, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, C/N, hydraulic retention time); (iv) membrane modules. Among the overall analysed configurations, the highest N2O emission occurred from the aerated reactors. The treatment of industrial wastewater, contaminated with salt and hydrocarbons, provided the highest N2O emission factor (EF): 16% of the influent nitrogen for the denitrification/nitrification-MBR plant. The lowest N2O emission (EF = 0.5% of the influent nitrogen) was obtained in the biological phosphorus removal-moving bed-MBR plant likely due to an improvement in biological performances exerted by the co-presence of both suspended and attached biomass. The influent C/N ratio has been identified as a key factor affecting the N2O production. Indeed, a decrease of the C/N ratio (from 10 to 2) promoted the increase of N2O emissions in both gaseous and dissolved phases, mainly related to a decreased efficiency of the denitrification processes.

ACS Style

Giorgio Mannina; Kartik Chandran; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; Mark C. M. Van Loosdrecht. Greenhouse gas emissions from membrane bioreactors: analysis of a two-year survey on different MBR configurations. Water Science and Technology 2018, 78, 896 -903.

AMA Style

Giorgio Mannina, Kartik Chandran, Marco Capodici, Alida Cosenza, Daniele Di Trapani, Mark C. M. Van Loosdrecht. Greenhouse gas emissions from membrane bioreactors: analysis of a two-year survey on different MBR configurations. Water Science and Technology. 2018; 78 (4):896-903.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giorgio Mannina; Kartik Chandran; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; Mark C. M. Van Loosdrecht. 2018. "Greenhouse gas emissions from membrane bioreactors: analysis of a two-year survey on different MBR configurations." Water Science and Technology 78, no. 4: 896-903.

Journal article
Published: 18 August 2018 in Journal of Environmental Management
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This research elucidates the pollutants (nutrients and carbon) removal performance and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions of two pilot plants. Specifically, a University of Cape Town (UCT) Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) plant and an Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS)-UCT-MBR plant were investigated. The plants were fed with real wastewater augmented with acetate and glycerol in order to control the influent carbon nitrogen ratio (C/N). The short-term effect of the inlet C/N ratio variation (C/N = 5 mgCOD/mgN and C/N = 10 mgCOD/mgN) on the behaviour of both plants was investigated. The results showed that the IFAS-UCT-MBR configuration provided the best performance in terms of pollutants removal at the two investigated C/N ratios. Furthermore, the lowest N2O emission (with respect to the influent nitrogen) was observed in the IFAS-UCT-MBR configuration, thus suggesting a potential beneficial effect of the biofilm in the emission reduction. However, the membrane of the IFAS-UCT-MBR showed a greater fouling tendency compared to the UCT-MBR configuration. This result, likely related to the biofilm detached from carriers, could seriously affect the indirect GreenHouse Gas emissions due to the increase of the energy requirement for permeate extraction with the increase of membrane fouling.

ACS Style

Giorgio Mannina; George A. Ekama; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; Hallvard Ødegaard. Integrated fixed-film activated sludge membrane bioreactors versus membrane bioreactors for nutrient removal: A comprehensive comparison. Journal of Environmental Management 2018, 226, 347 -357.

AMA Style

Giorgio Mannina, George A. Ekama, Marco Capodici, Alida Cosenza, Daniele Di Trapani, Hallvard Ødegaard. Integrated fixed-film activated sludge membrane bioreactors versus membrane bioreactors for nutrient removal: A comprehensive comparison. Journal of Environmental Management. 2018; 226 ():347-357.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giorgio Mannina; George A. Ekama; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; Hallvard Ødegaard. 2018. "Integrated fixed-film activated sludge membrane bioreactors versus membrane bioreactors for nutrient removal: A comprehensive comparison." Journal of Environmental Management 226, no. : 347-357.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2018 in Science of The Total Environment
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Bio-trenches are a sustainable option for treating nitrate contamination in groundwater. However, a possible side effect of this technology is the production of nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas that can be found both dissolved in the liquid effluent as well as emitted as off gas. The aim of this study was to analyze NO3− removal and N2O production in lab-scale column trials. The column contained olive nut as organic carbon media. The experimental study was divided into three phases (I, II and III) each characterized by different inlet NO3− concentrations (30, 50, 75 mg NO3-N L−1 respectively). Sampling ports deployed along the length of the column allowed to observe the denitrification process as well as the formation and consumption of intermediate products, such as nitrite (NO2−) and nitrous oxide (N2O). In particular, it was observed that N2O production represent only a small fraction of removed NO3− during Phase I and II, both for dissolved (0.007%) and emitted (0.003%) phase, and it was recorded a high denitrification efficiency, over 99%. Nevertheless, significantly higher values were recorded for Phase 3 concerning emitted phase (0.018%). This fact is due to increased inlet concentration which resulted in a carbon limitation and in a consequent decrease in denitrification efficiency (76%).

ACS Style

Marco Capodici; Alessia Avona; Vito Armando Laudicina; Gaspare Viviani. Biological groundwater denitrification systems: Lab-scale trials aimed at nitrous oxide production and emission assessment. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 630, 462 -468.

AMA Style

Marco Capodici, Alessia Avona, Vito Armando Laudicina, Gaspare Viviani. Biological groundwater denitrification systems: Lab-scale trials aimed at nitrous oxide production and emission assessment. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 630 ():462-468.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Capodici; Alessia Avona; Vito Armando Laudicina; Gaspare Viviani. 2018. "Biological groundwater denitrification systems: Lab-scale trials aimed at nitrous oxide production and emission assessment." Science of The Total Environment 630, no. : 462-468.

Journal article
Published: 03 May 2018 in Chemical Engineering & Technology
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Biological nutrients removal was operated at different solids and hydraulic retention times (SRT and HRT, respectively) in order to assess their influence on nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from a hybrid moving bed membrane bioreactors. The observed results showed that the N2O production decreased when the SRT/HRT was decreased. The maximum N2O gaseous concentration (0.2 mg N2O‐N L‐1) was measured in the aerobic reactor at the end of Phase I (SRT/HRT of 56d/30h), and it decreased through Phases II (SRT/HRT of 31d/15h) and III (SRT/HRT of 7d/13h). From mass balances over the reactors of the system, the aerated (aerobic and membrane) reactors were the largest producers of N2O. This shows that the great part of N2O was produced during the nitrification process.

ACS Style

Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; George A. Ekama. Solids and Hydraulic Retention Time Effect on N2 O Emission from Moving-Bed Membrane Bioreactors. Chemical Engineering & Technology 2018, 41, 1294 -1304.

AMA Style

Giorgio Mannina, Marco Capodici, Alida Cosenza, Daniele Di Trapani, George A. Ekama. Solids and Hydraulic Retention Time Effect on N2 O Emission from Moving-Bed Membrane Bioreactors. Chemical Engineering & Technology. 2018; 41 (7):1294-1304.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; George A. Ekama. 2018. "Solids and Hydraulic Retention Time Effect on N2 O Emission from Moving-Bed Membrane Bioreactors." Chemical Engineering & Technology 41, no. 7: 1294-1304.

Original articles
Published: 08 March 2018 in Environmental Technology
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A University of Cape Town Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge Membrane Bioreactor (UCT-IFAS-MBR) pilot plant was operated at different values of the sludge retention time (SRT). Three SRTs were investigated at different durations: indefinitely, 30 and 15 days. The organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removal, kinetic/stoichiometric parameters, membrane fouling tendency and sludge filtration properties were assessed. The findings showed that by decreasing the SRT, the pilot plant could maintain excellent carbon removal efficiencies throughout the experiments. In contrast, the biological carbon removal showed a slight nitrification and was slightly affected by the decrease of the SRT, showing high performance (approximately 91%, on average). Thus, the biofilm might have helped sustain the nitrification throughout the experiments. The average phosphorus removal performance increased slightly with a decrease in SRT, achieving the maximum efficiency (61.5%) at a SRT of 15 days. After a 30-day SRT, an increase in resistance due to pore blocking and a general worsening of the membrane filtration properties occurred.

ACS Style

Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; Gaspare Viviani. The influence of solid retention time on IFAS-MBR systems: analysis of system behavior. Environmental Technology 2018, 40, 1840 -1852.

AMA Style

Giorgio Mannina, Marco Capodici, Alida Cosenza, Daniele Di Trapani, Gaspare Viviani. The influence of solid retention time on IFAS-MBR systems: analysis of system behavior. Environmental Technology. 2018; 40 (14):1840-1852.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; Gaspare Viviani. 2018. "The influence of solid retention time on IFAS-MBR systems: analysis of system behavior." Environmental Technology 40, no. 14: 1840-1852.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2018 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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ACS Style

Giorgio Mannina; George A. Ekama; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; Hallvard Ødegaard; Mark M.C. van Loosdrecht. Influence of carbon to nitrogen ratio on nitrous oxide emission in an Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge Membrane BioReactor plant. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 176, 1078 -1090.

AMA Style

Giorgio Mannina, George A. Ekama, Marco Capodici, Alida Cosenza, Daniele Di Trapani, Hallvard Ødegaard, Mark M.C. van Loosdrecht. Influence of carbon to nitrogen ratio on nitrous oxide emission in an Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge Membrane BioReactor plant. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018; 176 ():1078-1090.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giorgio Mannina; George A. Ekama; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; Hallvard Ødegaard; Mark M.C. van Loosdrecht. 2018. "Influence of carbon to nitrogen ratio on nitrous oxide emission in an Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge Membrane BioReactor plant." Journal of Cleaner Production 176, no. : 1078-1090.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2018 in Journal of Water Process Engineering
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The effects of salinity fluctuations on the activity of autochthonous halophilic bacteria in aerobic granular sludge (AGS) and flocculent activated sludge (FAS) reactors were investigated. The response of nitrifiers and denitrifiers activity to drastic and moderate salinity shocks in the short-term (ST) and long-term (LT) was examined. The BOD5 removal efficiency decreased only in the reactors subjected to the drastic LT salinity increase. Nevertheless, stable performances were achieved 18 days after the shock in the AGS-R1 (90%), whereas after 27 days in the FAS-R1 (82%). The loss in nitritation efficiency was higher in the FAS reactors and was proportional to the shock intensity. Nitritation activity collapsed from approximately 3.8 mgNH4-N gVSS−1 h−1 to 0.73 mgNH4-N gVSS−1 h−1 and from 4.5 mgNH4-N gVSS−1 h−1 to 0.24 mgNH4-N gVSS−1 h−1 in the AGS-R1 and FAS-R1, respectively, even if the ammonium oxidation capacity did not completely disappeared. Denitritation activity decreased from 11.44 mgNO2-N gVSS−1 h−1 to 3.93 mgNO2-N gVSS−1 h−1 in the AGS-R1 at steady state, whereas in the FAS-R1, it decreased from 12.53 mgNO2-N gVSS−1 h−1 to 2.09 mgNO2-N gVSS−1 h−1. Nitritation and denitritation were completely restored 5 days after ST shock. No significant effects were observed after the moderate shock. The changes in the total EPS content were lower than 10%, therefore, it was considered negligible. Only drastic shocks caused significant changes in the EPS structure, with an increase of the loosely-bound by 45% in the AGS and 55% in the FAS.

ACS Style

Santo Fabio Corsino; Marco Capodici; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. A comprehensive comparison between halophilic granular and flocculent sludge in withstanding short and long-term salinity fluctuations. Journal of Water Process Engineering 2018, 22, 265 -275.

AMA Style

Santo Fabio Corsino, Marco Capodici, Michele Torregrossa, Gaspare Viviani. A comprehensive comparison between halophilic granular and flocculent sludge in withstanding short and long-term salinity fluctuations. Journal of Water Process Engineering. 2018; 22 ():265-275.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Santo Fabio Corsino; Marco Capodici; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. 2018. "A comprehensive comparison between halophilic granular and flocculent sludge in withstanding short and long-term salinity fluctuations." Journal of Water Process Engineering 22, no. : 265-275.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2018 in Journal of Environmental Management
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Autochthonous halophilic biomass was cultivated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) aimed at analyzing the potential use of autochthonous halophilic activated sludge in treating saline industrial wastewater. Despite the high salt concentration (30 g NaCl L-1), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids (TSS), removal efficiencies were higher than 90%. More than 95% of the nitrogen was removed via a shortcut nitrification-denitrification process. Both the autotrophic and heterotrophic biomass samples exhibited high biological activity. The use of autochthonous halophilic biomass led to high-quality effluent and helped to manage the issues related to nitrogen removal in saline wastewater treatment.

ACS Style

Marco Capodici; Santo Fabio Corsino; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. Shortcut nitrification-denitrification by means of autochthonous halophilic biomass in an SBR treating fish-canning wastewater. Journal of Environmental Management 2018, 208, 142 -148.

AMA Style

Marco Capodici, Santo Fabio Corsino, Michele Torregrossa, Gaspare Viviani. Shortcut nitrification-denitrification by means of autochthonous halophilic biomass in an SBR treating fish-canning wastewater. Journal of Environmental Management. 2018; 208 ():142-148.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Capodici; Santo Fabio Corsino; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. 2018. "Shortcut nitrification-denitrification by means of autochthonous halophilic biomass in an SBR treating fish-canning wastewater." Journal of Environmental Management 208, no. : 142-148.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Bioresource Technology
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The influence of the main operational variables on N2O emissions from an Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge University of Cape Town membrane Bioreactor pilot plant was studied. Nine operational cycles (total duration: 340days) were investigated by varying the value of the mixed liquor sludge retention time (SRT) (Cycles 1-3), the feeding ratio between carbon and nitrogen (C/N) (Cycles 4-6) and simultaneously the hydraulic retention time (HRT) and the SRT (Cycles 7-9). Results show a huge variability of the N2O concentration in liquid and off-gas samples (ranged from 10(-1)μgN2O-NL(-1) to 10(3)μgN2O-NL(-1)). The maximum N2O concentration (1228μgN2O-NL(-1)) in the off-gas samples occurred in the anoxic reactor at the lowest C/N value confirming that unbalanced C/N promotes the N2O emission during denitrification. The aerated reactors (aerobic and MBR) have been the major N2O emitters during all the three Phases.

ACS Style

Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani. Nitrous oxide from integrated fixed-film activated sludge membrane bioreactor: Assessing the influence of operational variables. Bioresource Technology 2018, 247, 1221 -1227.

AMA Style

Giorgio Mannina, Marco Capodici, Alida Cosenza, Daniele Di Trapani. Nitrous oxide from integrated fixed-film activated sludge membrane bioreactor: Assessing the influence of operational variables. Bioresource Technology. 2018; 247 ():1221-1227.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani. 2018. "Nitrous oxide from integrated fixed-film activated sludge membrane bioreactor: Assessing the influence of operational variables." Bioresource Technology 247, no. : 1221-1227.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Journal of Environmental Engineering
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The dewaterability of sludge from two conventional activated sludge (CAS) and three membrane bioreactor (MBR)–based wastewater treatment plants is investigated prior to and after anaerobic digestion. The concentration and composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) mostly affect the dewaterability of all raw sludge samples. Better sludge dewaterability is observed when the concentration of proteins, carbohydrates, uronic acids, and humic acids is below approximately 400, 250, 200, and 40 mg/L, respectively. In contrast, the specific resistance to filtration (SRF) increases in the sludge samples with a higher EPS concentration. The MBR results in a lower EPS production and a uronic acid–dominating EPS composition. This especially affects the dewaterability of one MBR sludge, also characterized by high salinity and a smaller particle size. Anaerobic digestion results in a higher SRF for both CAS and MBR sludge, with the particle-size distribution having the preponderant effect on the digested sludge dewaterability.

ACS Style

Ludovico Pontoni; Stefano Papirio; Giorgio D’Alessandro; Donatella Caniani; Riccardo Gori; Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Salvatore Nicosia; Massimiliano Fabbricino; Francesco Pirozzi; Giovanni Esposito. Dewaterability of CAS and MBR Sludge: Effect of Biological Stability and EPS Composition. Journal of Environmental Engineering 2018, 144, 04017088 .

AMA Style

Ludovico Pontoni, Stefano Papirio, Giorgio D’Alessandro, Donatella Caniani, Riccardo Gori, Giorgio Mannina, Marco Capodici, Salvatore Nicosia, Massimiliano Fabbricino, Francesco Pirozzi, Giovanni Esposito. Dewaterability of CAS and MBR Sludge: Effect of Biological Stability and EPS Composition. Journal of Environmental Engineering. 2018; 144 (1):04017088.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ludovico Pontoni; Stefano Papirio; Giorgio D’Alessandro; Donatella Caniani; Riccardo Gori; Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Salvatore Nicosia; Massimiliano Fabbricino; Francesco Pirozzi; Giovanni Esposito. 2018. "Dewaterability of CAS and MBR Sludge: Effect of Biological Stability and EPS Composition." Journal of Environmental Engineering 144, no. 1: 04017088.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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ACS Style

Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; George A. Ekama. The effect of the solids and hydraulic retention time on moving bed membrane bioreactor performance. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 170, 1305 -1315.

AMA Style

Giorgio Mannina, Marco Capodici, Alida Cosenza, Daniele Di Trapani, George A. Ekama. The effect of the solids and hydraulic retention time on moving bed membrane bioreactor performance. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018; 170 ():1305-1315.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; George A. Ekama. 2018. "The effect of the solids and hydraulic retention time on moving bed membrane bioreactor performance." Journal of Cleaner Production 170, no. : 1305-1315.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2017 in Journal of Environmental Management
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from a moving bed based Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) - membrane bioreactor (MBR) pilot plant, designed according to the University of Cape Town (UCT) layout. The experimental campaign had a duration of 110 days and was characterized by three different sludge retention time (SRT) values (∞, 30 d and 15 d). Results highlighted that N2O concentrations decreased when the biofilm concentrations increased within the aerobic reactor. Results have shown an increase of N2O with the decrease of SRT. Specifically, an increase of N2O-N emission factor occurred with the decrease of the SRT (0.13%, 0.21% and 0.76% of influent nitrogen for SRT = ∞, SRT = 30 d and SRT = 15 d, respectively). Moreover, the MBR tank resulted the key emission source (up to 70% of the total N2O emission during SRT = ∞ period) whereas the highest N2O production occurred in the anoxic reactor. Moreover, N2O concentrations measured in the permeate flow were not negligible, thus highlighting its potential detrimental contribution for the receiving water body. The role of each plant reactor as N2O-N producer/consumer varies with the SRT variation, indeed the aerobic reactor was a N2O consumer at SRT = ∞ and a producer at SRT = 30 d.

ACS Style

Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Vito Armando Laudicina; Daniele Di Trapani. The influence of solid retention time on IFAS-MBR systems: Assessment of nitrous oxide emission. Journal of Environmental Management 2017, 203, 391 -399.

AMA Style

Giorgio Mannina, Marco Capodici, Alida Cosenza, Vito Armando Laudicina, Daniele Di Trapani. The influence of solid retention time on IFAS-MBR systems: Assessment of nitrous oxide emission. Journal of Environmental Management. 2017; 203 ():391-399.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Vito Armando Laudicina; Daniele Di Trapani. 2017. "The influence of solid retention time on IFAS-MBR systems: Assessment of nitrous oxide emission." Journal of Environmental Management 203, no. : 391-399.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2017 in Bioresource Technology
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The present study explores the interlinkages among the operational variables of a University of Cape Town (UCT) Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) membrane bioreactor (MBR) pilot plant. Specifically, dedicated experimental tests were carried out with the final aim to find-out a constitutive relationship among operational costs (OCs), effluent quality index (EQI), effluent fines (EF). Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were also included in the study. Results showed that the EQI increases at low flow rate likely due to the dissolved oxygen (DO) limitation in the biological processes. Direct GHGs increase with the increasing of the air flow due to the anoxic NO contribution. Irreversible membrane fouling reduce from 98% to 85% at the air flow rate of 0.57mh and 2.56mh, respectively. However, the increase of the air flow rate leads to the increase of the NO-N flux emitted from the MBR (from 40% to 80%).

ACS Style

Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; Gustaf Olsson. Greenhouse gas emissions and the links to plant performance in a fixed-film activated sludge membrane bioreactor – Pilot plant experimental evidence. Bioresource Technology 2017, 241, 1145 -1151.

AMA Style

Giorgio Mannina, Marco Capodici, Alida Cosenza, Daniele Di Trapani, Gustaf Olsson. Greenhouse gas emissions and the links to plant performance in a fixed-film activated sludge membrane bioreactor – Pilot plant experimental evidence. Bioresource Technology. 2017; 241 ():1145-1151.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giorgio Mannina; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; Gustaf Olsson. 2017. "Greenhouse gas emissions and the links to plant performance in a fixed-film activated sludge membrane bioreactor – Pilot plant experimental evidence." Bioresource Technology 241, no. : 1145-1151.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2017 in Biochemical Engineering Journal
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In this paper, an experimental campaign was carried out on a University of Cape Town Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge Membrane Bioreactor (UCT-IFAS-MBR) pilot plant. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the influent C/N ratio on the system performance in terms of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removal, biomass viability (through respirometry), activated sludge features and membrane filtration properties. The experiments were organized into three phases, characterized by a variation of the C/N ratio (namely, Phase I: C/N= 5, Phase II: C/N =10; Phase III: C/N = 2). The results highlighted that the system performance was significantly affected by C/N ratio. The removal efficiencies were satisfactory for C/N ratio equal to 10 and 5, with average removal in Phases I and II of 98-\u80\u9398%, 53\u80-69% and 67-87% for COD, nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. Conversely, with a C/N ratio of 2, a significant worsening of the pilot plant performance was observed, with average COD, nitrogen and phosphorus removal equal to 70%, 44% and 26%, respectively, much lower compared to the previous phases. Respirometry highlighted a significant decrease of bacterial activity when the C/N was reduced to 2, even if the biofilm seemed to be more resilient in terms of activity compared to the activated sludge

ACS Style

Giorgio Mannina; George A. Ekama; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; Hallvard Ødegaard. Moving bed membrane bioreactors for carbon and nutrient removal: The effect of C/N variation. Biochemical Engineering Journal 2017, 125, 31 -40.

AMA Style

Giorgio Mannina, George A. Ekama, Marco Capodici, Alida Cosenza, Daniele Di Trapani, Hallvard Ødegaard. Moving bed membrane bioreactors for carbon and nutrient removal: The effect of C/N variation. Biochemical Engineering Journal. 2017; 125 ():31-40.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giorgio Mannina; George A. Ekama; Marco Capodici; Alida Cosenza; Daniele Di Trapani; Hallvard Ødegaard. 2017. "Moving bed membrane bioreactors for carbon and nutrient removal: The effect of C/N variation." Biochemical Engineering Journal 125, no. : 31-40.